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Book ; Online: Exploring the impact of social stress on the adaptive dynamics of COVID-19

Kastalskiy, Innokentiy / Zinovyev, Andrei / Mirkes, Evgeny / Kazantsev, Victor / Gorban, Alexander N.

Typing the behavior of na\"ive populations faced with epidemics

2023

Abstract: In the context of natural disasters, human responses inevitably intertwine with natural factors. The COVID-19 pandemic, as a significant stress factor, has brought to light profound variations among different countries in terms of their adaptive dynamics ...

Abstract	In the context of natural disasters, human responses inevitably intertwine with natural factors. The COVID-19 pandemic, as a significant stress factor, has brought to light profound variations among different countries in terms of their adaptive dynamics in addressing the spread of infection outbreaks across different regions. This emphasizes the crucial role of cultural characteristics in natural disaster analysis. The theoretical understanding of large-scale epidemics primarily relies on mean-field kinetic models. However, conventional SIR-like models failed to fully explain the observed phenomena at the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak. These phenomena included the unexpected cessation of exponential growth, the reaching of plateaus, and the occurrence of multi-wave dynamics. In situations where an outbreak of a highly virulent and unfamiliar infection arises, it becomes crucial to respond swiftly at a non-medical level to mitigate the negative socio-economic impact. Here we present a theoretical examination of the first wave of the epidemic based on a simple SIRSS model (SIR with Social Stress). We conduct an analysis of the socio-cultural features of na\"ive population behaviors across various countries worldwide. The unique characteristics of each country/territory are encapsulated in only a few constants within our model, derived from the fitted COVID-19 statistics. These constants also reflect the societal response dynamics to the external stress factor, underscoring the importance of studying the mutual behavior of humanity and natural factors during global social disasters. Based on these distinctive characteristics of specific regions, local authorities can optimize their strategies to effectively combat epidemics until vaccines are developed. Comment: 27 pages, 15 figures, 1 table, 1 appendix
Keywords	Physics - Physics and Society ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	306
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Social stress drives the multi-wave dynamics of COVID-19 outbreaks.

Kastalskiy, Innokentiy A / Pankratova, Evgeniya V / Mirkes, Evgeny M / Kazantsev, Victor B / Gorban, Alexander N

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 22497

Abstract: The dynamics of epidemics depend on how people's behavior changes during an outbreak. At the beginning of the epidemic, people do not know about the virus, then, after the outbreak of epidemics and alarm, they begin to comply with the restrictions and ... ...

Abstract	The dynamics of epidemics depend on how people's behavior changes during an outbreak. At the beginning of the epidemic, people do not know about the virus, then, after the outbreak of epidemics and alarm, they begin to comply with the restrictions and the spreading of epidemics may decline. Over time, some people get tired/frustrated by the restrictions and stop following them (exhaustion), especially if the number of new cases drops down. After resting for a while, they can follow the restrictions again. But during this pause the second wave can come and become even stronger then the first one. Studies based on SIR models do not predict the observed quick exit from the first wave of epidemics. Social dynamics should be considered. The appearance of the second wave also depends on social factors. Many generalizations of the SIR model have been developed that take into account the weakening of immunity over time, the evolution of the virus, vaccination and other medical and biological details. However, these more sophisticated models do not explain the apparent differences in outbreak profiles between countries with different intrinsic socio-cultural features. In our work, a system of models of the COVID-19 pandemic is proposed, combining the dynamics of social stress with classical epidemic models. Social stress is described by the tools of sociophysics. The combination of a dynamic SIR-type model with the classical triad of stages of the general adaptation syndrome, alarm-resistance-exhaustion, makes it possible to describe with high accuracy the available statistical data for 13 countries. The sets of kinetic constants corresponding to optimal fit of model to data were found. These constants characterize the ability of society to mobilize efforts against epidemics and maintain this concentration over time and can further help in the development of management strategies specific to a particular society.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/transmission ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-01317-z
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Article: Astrocyte as Spatiotemporal Integrating Detector of Neuronal Activity.

Gordleeva, Susan Yu / Ermolaeva, Anastasia V / Kastalskiy, Innokentiy A / Kazantsev, Victor B

Frontiers in physiology

2019 Volume 10, Page(s) 294

Abstract: The functional role of astrocyte calcium signaling in brain information processing was intensely debated in recent decades. This interest was motivated by high resolution imaging techniques showing highly developed structure of distal astrocyte processes. ...

Abstract	The functional role of astrocyte calcium signaling in brain information processing was intensely debated in recent decades. This interest was motivated by high resolution imaging techniques showing highly developed structure of distal astrocyte processes. Another point was the evidence of bi-directional astrocytic regulation of neuronal activity. To analyze the effects of interplay of calcium signals in processes and in soma mediating correlations between local signals and the cell-level response of the astrocyte we proposed spatially extended model of the astrocyte calcium dynamics. Specifically, we investigated how spatiotemporal properties of Ca
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564217-0
ISSN	1664-042X
ISSN	1664-042X
DOI	10.3389/fphys.2019.00294
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Article ; Online: Social stress drives the multi-wave dynamics of COVID-19 outbreaks

Innokentiy A. Kastalskiy / Evgeniya V. Pankratova / Evgeny M. Mirkes / Victor B. Kazantsev / Alexander N. Gorban

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 12

Abstract: Abstract The dynamics of epidemics depend on how people's behavior changes during an outbreak. At the beginning of the epidemic, people do not know about the virus, then, after the outbreak of epidemics and alarm, they begin to comply with the ... ...

Abstract	Abstract The dynamics of epidemics depend on how people's behavior changes during an outbreak. At the beginning of the epidemic, people do not know about the virus, then, after the outbreak of epidemics and alarm, they begin to comply with the restrictions and the spreading of epidemics may decline. Over time, some people get tired/frustrated by the restrictions and stop following them (exhaustion), especially if the number of new cases drops down. After resting for a while, they can follow the restrictions again. But during this pause the second wave can come and become even stronger then the first one. Studies based on SIR models do not predict the observed quick exit from the first wave of epidemics. Social dynamics should be considered. The appearance of the second wave also depends on social factors. Many generalizations of the SIR model have been developed that take into account the weakening of immunity over time, the evolution of the virus, vaccination and other medical and biological details. However, these more sophisticated models do not explain the apparent differences in outbreak profiles between countries with different intrinsic socio-cultural features. In our work, a system of models of the COVID-19 pandemic is proposed, combining the dynamics of social stress with classical epidemic models. Social stress is described by the tools of sociophysics. The combination of a dynamic SIR-type model with the classical triad of stages of the general adaptation syndrome, alarm-resistance-exhaustion, makes it possible to describe with high accuracy the available statistical data for 13 countries. The sets of kinetic constants corresponding to optimal fit of model to data were found. These constants characterize the ability of society to mobilize efforts against epidemics and maintain this concentration over time and can further help in the development of management strategies specific to a particular society.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	300
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Astrocytes mediate analogous memory in a multi-layer neuron-astrocytic network

Tsybina, Yuliya / Kastalskiy, Innokentiy / Krivonosov, Mikhail / Zaikin, Alexey / Kazantsev, Victor / Gorban, Alexander / Gordleeva, Susanna

2021

Abstract: Modeling the neuronal processes underlying short-term working memory remains the focus of many theoretical studies in neuroscience. Here we propose a mathematical model of spiking neuron network (SNN) demonstrating how a piece of information can be ... ...

Abstract	Modeling the neuronal processes underlying short-term working memory remains the focus of many theoretical studies in neuroscience. Here we propose a mathematical model of spiking neuron network (SNN) demonstrating how a piece of information can be maintained as a robust activity pattern for several seconds then completely disappear if no other stimuli come. Such short-term memory traces are preserved due to the activation of astrocytes accompanying the SNN. The astrocytes exhibit calcium transients at a time scale of seconds. These transients further modulate the efficiency of synaptic transmission and, hence, the firing rate of neighboring neurons at diverse timescales through gliotransmitter release. We show how such transients continuously encode frequencies of neuronal discharges and provide robust short-term storage of analogous information. This kind of short-term memory can keep operative information for seconds, then completely forget it to avoid overlapping with forthcoming patterns. The SNN is inter-connected with the astrocytic layer by local inter-cellular diffusive connections. The astrocytes are activated only when the neighboring neurons fire quite synchronously, e.g. when an information pattern is loaded. For illustration, we took greyscale photos of people's faces where the grey level encoded the level of applied current stimulating the neurons. The astrocyte feedback modulates (facilitates) synaptic transmission by varying the frequency of neuronal firing. We show how arbitrary patterns can be loaded, then stored for a certain interval of time, and retrieved if the appropriate clue pattern is applied to the input. Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, Appendix
Keywords	Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Subject code	612
Publishing date	2021-08-31
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Neuromuscular Interface for Robotic Devices Control.

Kastalskiy, Innokentiy / Mironov, Vasily / Lobov, Sergey / Krilova, Nadia / Pimashkin, Alexey / Kazantsev, Victor

Computational and mathematical methods in medicine

2018 Volume 2018, Page(s) 8948145

Abstract: A neuromuscular interface (NI) that can be employed to operate external robotic devices (RD), including commercial ones, was proposed. Multichannel electromyographic (EMG) signal is used in the control loop. Control signal can also be supplemented with ... ...

Abstract	A neuromuscular interface (NI) that can be employed to operate external robotic devices (RD), including commercial ones, was proposed. Multichannel electromyographic (EMG) signal is used in the control loop. Control signal can also be supplemented with electroencephalography (EEG), limb kinematics, or other modalities. The multiple electrode approach takes advantage of the massive resources of the human brain for solving nontrivial tasks, such as movement coordination. Multilayer artificial neural network was used for feature classification and further to provide command and/or proportional control of three robotic devices. The possibility of using biofeedback can compensate for control errors and implement a fundamentally important feature that has previously limited the development of intelligent exoskeletons, prostheses, and other medical devices. The control system can be integrated with wearable electronics. Examples of technical devices under control of the neuromuscular interface (NI) are presented.
MeSH term(s)	Biomechanical Phenomena ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Movement ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; User-Computer Interface
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2252430-7
ISSN	1748-6718 ; 1748-670X ; 1027-3662
ISSN (online)	1748-6718
ISSN	1748-670X ; 1027-3662
DOI	10.1155/2018/8948145
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Article: Features of Neural Network Formation and Their Functions in Primary Hippocampal Cultures in the Context of Chronic TrkB Receptor System Influence.

Mishchenko, Tatiana A / Mitroshina, Elena V / Usenko, Alexandra V / Voronova, Natalia V / Astrakhanova, Tatiana A / Shirokova, Olesya M / Kastalskiy, Innokentiy A / Vedunova, Maria V

Frontiers in physiology

2019 Volume 9, Page(s) 1925

Abstract: Discovering the mechanisms underlying homeostatic regulation in brain neural network formation and stability processes is one of the most urgent tasks in modern neuroscience. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the tropomyosin-related kinase B ( ... ...

Abstract	Discovering the mechanisms underlying homeostatic regulation in brain neural network formation and stability processes is one of the most urgent tasks in modern neuroscience. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptor system have long been considered the main regulators of neuronal survival and differentiation. The elucidation of methods for studying neural network activity makes investigating the complex mechanisms underlying neural network structure reorganization during development and detecting new mechanisms for neuronal activity remodeling possible. In this
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564217-0
ISSN	1664-042X
ISSN	1664-042X
DOI	10.3389/fphys.2018.01925
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Article ; Online: Latent Factors Limiting the Performance of sEMG-Interfaces.

Lobov, Sergey / Krilova, Nadia / Kastalskiy, Innokentiy / Kazantsev, Victor / Makarov, Valeri A

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2018 Volume 18, Issue 4

Abstract: Recent advances in recording and real-time analysis of surface electromyographic signals (sEMG) have fostered the use of sEMG human-machine interfaces for controlling personal computers, prostheses of upper limbs, and exoskeletons among others. Despite a ...

Abstract	Recent advances in recording and real-time analysis of surface electromyographic signals (sEMG) have fostered the use of sEMG human-machine interfaces for controlling personal computers, prostheses of upper limbs, and exoskeletons among others. Despite a relatively high mean performance, sEMG-interfaces still exhibit strong variance in the fidelity of gesture recognition among different users. Here, we systematically study the latent factors determining the performance of sEMG-interfaces in synthetic tests and in an arcade game. We show that the degree of muscle cooperation and the amount of the body fatty tissue are the decisive factors in synthetic tests. Our data suggest that these factors can only be adjusted by long-term training, which promotes fine-tuning of low-level neural circuits driving the muscles. Short-term training has no effect on synthetic tests, but significantly increases the game scoring. This implies that it works at a higher decision-making level, not relevant for synthetic gestures. We propose a procedure that enables quantification of the gestures' fidelity in a dynamic gaming environment. For each individual subject, the approach allows identifying "problematic" gestures that decrease gaming performance. This information can be used for optimizing the training strategy and for adapting the signal processing algorithms to individual users, which could be a way for a qualitative leap in the development of future sEMG-interfaces.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s18041122
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Article ; Online: Pattern retrieval in a three-layer oscillatory network with a context dependent synaptic connectivity.

Simonov, Alexander / Kastalskiy, Innokentiy / Kazantsev, Victor

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society

2012 Volume 33, Page(s) 67–75

Abstract: We propose a network solution for memory pattern retrieval in an oscillatory network based on a context dependent Hebbian connectivity. The model is composed of three interacting layers of spiking neurons with excitatory and inhibitory synaptic ... ...

Abstract	We propose a network solution for memory pattern retrieval in an oscillatory network based on a context dependent Hebbian connectivity. The model is composed of three interacting layers of spiking neurons with excitatory and inhibitory synaptic connections. Information patterns are stored in the memory using a symmetric Hebbian matrix and can be retrieved in response to a definite stimulus pattern. The patterns are encoded as distributions of phases of the oscillatory network units. We include in the network architecture an intermediate layer of excitable (non-oscillatory) interneurons. This layer provides a kind of pre-processing by filtering the in-phase or the anti-phase components of the input pattern. Then, only a part of Hebbian connections defined by the input (a "context dependent connectivity") is further used for the memory retrieval. Being supplied with an oscillatory clock signal the interneurons drive the signal propagation pathways in the feedforward architecture and, hence, reduce the number of effective connections needed for the retrieval. The oscillation phase stability problem for the in-phase and anti-phase locking modes is investigated. Information characteristics and efficiency of the context dependent retrieval are discussed and compared with traditional oscillatory associative memory models.
MeSH term(s)	Biological Clocks/physiology ; Membrane Potentials/physiology ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Neurons/physiology ; Synapses/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	740542-x
ISSN	1879-2782 ; 0893-6080
ISSN (online)	1879-2782
ISSN	0893-6080
DOI	10.1016/j.neunet.2012.04.008
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Article ; Online: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) counteracts hypoxic damage to hippocampal neural network function in vitro.

Shishkina, Tatiana V / Mishchenko, Tatiana A / Mitroshina, Elena V / Shirokova, Olesya M / Pimashkin, Alexei S / Kastalskiy, Innokentiy A / Mukhina, Irina V / Kazantsev, Victor B / Vedunova, Maria V

Brain research

2018 Volume 1678, Page(s) 310–321

Abstract: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is regarded as a potent neuroprotector and a corrector of neural network activity in stress conditions. This work aimed to investigate the effect of GDNF on primary hippocampal cultures during acute ... ...

Abstract	Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is regarded as a potent neuroprotector and a corrector of neural network activity in stress conditions. This work aimed to investigate the effect of GDNF on primary hippocampal cultures during acute normobaric hypoxia. Hypoxia induction was performed using day 14 in vitro cultures derived from mouse embryos (E18) with the preventive addition of GDNF (1 ng/ml) to the culture medium 10 min before oxygen deprivation. An analysis of spontaneous bioelectrical activity that included defining the internal neural network structure, morphological studies, and viability tests was performed during the post-hypoxic period. This study revealed that GDNF does not influence spontaneous network activity during normoxia but protects cultures from cell death and maintains the network activity during hypoxia. GDNF created unique conditions that supported the viability of cells even in cases of cellular mitochondrial damage. GDNF partially negated the consequences of hypoxia by influencing synaptic plasticity. Intravital mRNA detection identified fewer GluR2 mRNA-positive cells, whereas GDNF preserved the number of these cells in the post-hypoxic period. Activation of the synthesis of GluR2 subunits of AMPA-receptors is one possible mechanism of the neuroprotective action of GDNF.
MeSH term(s)	Action Potentials/drug effects ; Action Potentials/physiology ; Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/pharmacology ; Hippocampus/chemistry ; Hypoxia/pathology ; Hypoxia/prevention & control ; Mice ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Nerve Net/drug effects ; Nerve Net/ultrastructure ; Neurons/drug effects ; Neurons/pathology ; Neurons/ultrastructure ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Receptors, AMPA/genetics ; Receptors, AMPA/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Neuroprotective Agents ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, AMPA ; glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1200-2
ISSN	1872-6240 ; 0006-8993
ISSN (online)	1872-6240
ISSN	0006-8993
DOI	10.1016/j.brainres.2017.10.023
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