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Article ; Online: Large enteroviral vaccination studies to prevent type 1 diabetes should be well founded and rely on scientific evidence. Reply to Skog O, Klingel K, Roivainen M et al [letter].

Dunne, Jessica L / Richardson, Sarah J / Atkinson, Mark A / Craig, Maria E / Dahl-Jørgensen, Knut / Flodström-Tullberg, Malin / Hyöty, Heikki / Lloyd, Richard E / Morgan, Noel G / Pugliese, Alberto

Diabetologia

2019 Volume 62, Issue 6, Page(s) 1100–1103

MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus Infections ; Humans ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-23
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1694-9
ISSN	1432-0428 ; 0012-186X
ISSN (online)	1432-0428
ISSN	0012-186X
DOI	10.1007/s00125-019-4873-6
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Zs.A 279: Show issues

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Article: Diazepam metabolism by cDNA-expressed human 2C P450s: identification of P4502C18 and P4502C19 as low K(M) diazepam N-demethylases.

Jung, F / Richardson, T H / Raucy, J L / Johnson, E F

Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals

1997 Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 133–139

Abstract: ... P4502C19 were found to be low K(M) diazepam N-demethylases with apparent K(M) values of 24 +/- 4 microM and ... 21 +/- 3 microM, respectively. These values closely resemble the low K(M) component of diazepam N ... hydroxylation with a K(M) value of 21 +/- 9 microM. Although P4502C8 was essentially inactive in catalyzing ...

Abstract	The present study provides a detailed kinetic analysis of diazepam metabolism by all four known members of the human P4502C subfamily expressed from their cDNAs in Escherichia coli. Both P4502C18 and P4502C19 were found to be low K(M) diazepam N-demethylases with apparent K(M) values of 24 +/- 4 microM and 21 +/- 3 microM, respectively. These values closely resemble the low K(M) component of diazepam N-demethylase activity exhibited by human liver microsomes. In addition, P4502C19 also catalyzed diazepam 3-hydroxylation with a K(M) value of 21 +/- 9 microM. Although P4502C8 was essentially inactive in catalyzing diazepam metabolism, P4502C9 catalyzed the N-demethylation with a relatively high K(M) of 80 +/- 15 microM and an overall 3- to 6-fold lower catalytic efficiency, compared with P4502C18 and P4502C19, respectively. At a substrate concentration of 10 microM, diazepam N-demethylation in a panel of human liver microsomes was inhibited 42 +/- 12% (mean +/- SD, N = 6) by a polyclonal anti-CYP2C antibody. In the same experiment, 3-hydroxylation remained unaffected (<10% inhibition). 1 microM of the CYP3A inhibitor ketoconazole inhibited 37 +/- 19% of the N-demethylation and 86 +/- 5% of 3-hydroxylation. Estimates of relative contributions to diazepam N-demethylation of P4502C9 (8 +/- 4%), P4502C18 (<2%), and P4502C19 (33 +/- 14%) and to diazepam 3-hydroxylation of P4502C19 (9 +/- 3%) based on the kinetic parameters of the recombinant enzymes and on specific contents of the individual 2C P450s determined in immunoblots are consistent with the inhibition data. In conclusion, these data confirm that both P4502C19 and P4503A are major contributors to human liver microsomal diazepam N-demethylation at low substrate concentrations, whereas P4503A is the major enzyme responsible for 3-hydroxylation.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Anti-Anxiety Agents/metabolism ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases ; Child ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Diazepam/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/antagonists & inhibitors ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Ketoconazole ; Kinetics ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver/enzymology ; Middle Aged ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/metabolism ; Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating/metabolism ; Steroid 16-alpha-Hydroxylase ; Steroid Hydroxylases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Steroid Hydroxylases/genetics ; Steroid Hydroxylases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Anti-Anxiety Agents ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; Isoenzymes ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System (9035-51-2) ; Mixed Function Oxygenases (EC 1.-) ; Steroid Hydroxylases (EC 1.14.-) ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases (EC 1.14.14.1) ; CYP2C19 protein, human (EC 1.14.14.1) ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 (EC 1.14.14.1) ; Steroid 16-alpha-Hydroxylase (EC 1.14.14.1) ; Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating (EC 1.5.-) ; Diazepam (Q3JTX2Q7TU) ; Ketoconazole (R9400W927I)
Language	English
Publishing date	1997-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	186795-7
ISSN	1521-009X ; 0090-9556
ISSN (online)	1521-009X
ISSN	0090-9556
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Article ; Online: Do Parents Enhance Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Youth Anxiety? An Overview of Systematic Reviews Over Time.

Byrne, S / Cobham, V / Richardson, M / Imuta, K

Clinical child and family psychology review

2023 Volume 26, Issue 3, Page(s) 773–788

Abstract: The last 20 years has seen debate regarding the merits of involving parents in cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for youth anxiety played out across systematic reviews which have high impact. These reviews examined varying treatment formats in relation to ...

Abstract	The last 20 years has seen debate regarding the merits of involving parents in cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for youth anxiety played out across systematic reviews which have high impact. These reviews examined varying treatment formats in relation to parent involvement, including youth only CBT (Y-CBT), parent only CBT (P-CBT) and family CBT (youth and parent; F-CBT). This is a novel overview of systematic reviews examining evidence for parental involvement in CBT for youth anxiety over the period this was studied. Two independent coders systematically searched for studies in medical and psychological databases using the categories "Review", "Youth", "Anxiety", "Cognitive Behavior Therapy" and "Parent/Family". Of the 2,189 unique articles identified, there were 25 systematic reviews since 2005 which compared the effects of CBT for youth anxiety with varying parent involvement. Despite systematically studying the same phenomenon, the reviews were heterogeneous in outcome, design, inclusion criteria and often had methodological limitations. Of the 25 reviews, 21 found no difference between formats and 22 reviews were considered inconclusive. Yet while there were typically no statistical differences, consistent patterns in the direction of effects were detected over time. P-CBT was less effective than other formats, suggesting the importance of directly treating anxious youths. Early reviews favored F-CBT over Y-CBT, however, later reviews did not show this trend. We consider the effects of moderators including exposure therapy, long-term outcomes and the child's age. We consider how to manage heterogeneity in primary studies and reviews to better detect treatment differences where they exist.Trial registration This protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework: osf.io/2u58t.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Systematic Reviews as Topic ; Anxiety Disorders/therapy ; Anxiety Disorders/psychology ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods ; Parents/psychology ; Cognition
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1445774-x
ISSN	1573-2827 ; 1096-4037
ISSN (online)	1573-2827
ISSN	1096-4037
DOI	10.1007/s10567-023-00436-5
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Zs.A 5047: Show issues

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Article ; Online: To embolize or not to embolize: that is the question for arteriovenous malformations.

Baskaya, Mustafa K / Richardson, Angela M

Neurosurgical focus: Video

2021 Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) V3

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	2643-5217
ISSN (online)	2643-5217
DOI	10.3171/2020.10.FOCVID20106
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Article ; Online: Nutrition in Midwestern State Department of Corrections Prisons: A Comparison of Nutritional Offerings With Commonly Utilized Nutritional Standards.

Holliday, Mitchel K / Richardson, Kelli M

Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care

2021 Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 154–160

Abstract: Improvement in nutritional care in correctional institutions may reduce the burden of related chronic health conditions. Even when nutritional standards are used, inconsistent use of standards and lacking regulations may be leading to inappropriate or ... ...

Abstract	Improvement in nutritional care in correctional institutions may reduce the burden of related chronic health conditions. Even when nutritional standards are used, inconsistent use of standards and lacking regulations may be leading to inappropriate or inconsistent nutrition care in corrections. Midwestern state department of corrections' menus revealed excessive calorie offerings and low offerings of vegetables on male and female menus, and low fruit and dietary fiber offerings on male menus. A majority of vitamin and mineral offerings met recommendations when reported; however, they were inconsistently underreported across states. When reported, potassium and vitamin E were offered at less than recommended levels while sodium was excessively offered. Consistency in use and increased accountability in meeting nutrition standards may improve nutrition care within corrections.
MeSH term(s)	Diet ; Energy Intake ; Humans ; Nutrition Policy ; Nutritional Status ; Prisons ; Vegetables
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2233559-6
ISSN	1940-5200 ; 1078-3458
ISSN (online)	1940-5200
ISSN	1078-3458
DOI	10.1089/jchc.19.08.0067
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Book ; Online: Assumptions and Bounds in the Instrumental Variable Model

Richardson, Thomas S. / Robins, James M.

2024

Abstract: ... with binary response $Y$ and binary treatment $X$, but with an instrument $Z$ with $K$ states. These results ... were originally stated in Richardson & Robins (2014), "ACE Bounds; SEMS with Equilibrium Conditions ... arXiv:1410.0470. ...

Abstract	In this note we give proofs for results relating to the Instrumental Variable (IV) model with binary response $Y$ and binary treatment $X$, but with an instrument $Z$ with $K$ states. These results were originally stated in Richardson & Robins (2014), "ACE Bounds; SEMS with Equilibrium Conditions," arXiv:1410.0470. Comment: 27 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Proofs of Theorems 1 and 2 stated in Richardson and Robins (2014) [arXiv:1410.0470]. v2 improves the writing in a few places
Keywords	Mathematics - Statistics Theory ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; 62A01 (Primary) 62D20 ; 62H22 (Secondary)
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: A self-referenced interferometer for in situ cryogenic wafer curvature measurements.

Samuels, Margaret H / Kramer, Alan R / Richardson, Christopher J K

The Review of scientific instruments

2024 Volume 95, Issue 4

Abstract: ... changes on the order of 10-4 m-1 and is used to measure thermal stresses in a cryogenic environment ...

Abstract	A self-referenced interferometer to measure time-varying curvature in mechanically unstable environments is needed in many applications. One application that demands this measurement technique with fast data acquisition, 2D sensitivity, and insensitivity to vibration is the measurement of thermal strain in thin films in operational environments. The diverging beam interferometer described here demonstrates an angular sensitivity to the local curvature using interferograms captured by a CMOS camera. Two-dimensional Fourier analysis is used to extract curvature changes. The interferometer demonstrates an experimental sensitivity to curvature changes on the order of 10-4 m-1 and is used to measure thermal stresses in a cryogenic environment of a polycrystalline titanium nitride thin film on a silicon wafer that exhibits anisotropic curvature.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/5.0189541
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Article ; Online: Parasitic fish embryos do a "front-flip" on the yolk to resist expulsion from the host.

Yi, Wenjing / Reichard, Martin / Rücklin, Martin / Richardson, Michael K

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2024 Volume 121, Issue 9, Page(s) e2310082121

Abstract: Embryonic development is often considered shielded from the effects of natural selection, being selected primarily for reliable development. However, embryos sometimes represent virulent parasites, triggering a coevolutionary "arms race" with their host. ...

Abstract	Embryonic development is often considered shielded from the effects of natural selection, being selected primarily for reliable development. However, embryos sometimes represent virulent parasites, triggering a coevolutionary "arms race" with their host. We have examined embryonic adaptations to a parasitic lifestyle in the bitterling fish. Bitterlings are brood parasites that lay their eggs in the gill chamber of host mussels. Bitterling eggs and embryos have adaptations to resist being flushed out by the mussel. These include a pair of projections from the yolk sac that act as an anchor. Furthermore, bitterling eggs all adopt a head-down position in the mussel gills which further increases their chances of survival. To examine these adaptations in detail, we have studied development in the rosy bitterling (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Parasites ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Cyprinidae
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2310082121
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Article ; Online: Interview with our first two dually trained and accredited consultants in Genitourinary and General Internal Medicine (GUM/GIM).

Schoeman, Sarah Anne / Phyu, Khine / Richardson, Daniel / Ewens, Michael

Sexually transmitted infections

2024 Volume 100, Issue 2, Page(s) 129–130

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Consultants ; Internal Medicine ; Urogenital System
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1420303-0
ISSN	1472-3263 ; 1368-4973
ISSN (online)	1472-3263
ISSN	1368-4973
DOI	10.1136/sextrans-2023-055955
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Article: Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty in Obese Patients.

Richardson, Mary K / DiGiovanni, Ryan M / McCrae, Brian K / Cooperman, Wesley S / Ludington, John / Heckmann, Nathanael D / Oakes, Daniel A

Arthroplasty today

2024 Volume 26, Page(s) 101320

Abstract: ... with body mass index ≥35 kg/m: Results: Age, body mass index, and estimated blood loss were not significantly ...

Abstract	Background: Robotic-assisted systems have gained popularity in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate operative characteristics and radiographic outcomes of obese patients undergoing robotic-assisted TKA. Methods: A retrospective review of consecutive cases performed by a single surgeon was performed from January 1, 2016, to January 31, 2022. Adult patients with body mass index ≥35 kg/m Results: Age, body mass index, and estimated blood loss were not significantly different between the cohorts. The robotic-assisted cohort experienced longer tourniquet times (93.3 vs 75.5 minutes, Conclusions: Obese patients treated with robotic-assisted TKA had postoperative alignment closer to neutral and fewer postoperative radiographic outliers than patients treated with conventional instrumentation. The results of this study support use of robotic-assisted technologies in TKA, particularly in obese patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2352-3441
ISSN	2352-3441
DOI	10.1016/j.artd.2024.101320
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