Result 1 - 10 of total 12
Mental welfare
2017 Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) 89–92
| Language | English |
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| Publishing date | 2017-09-14 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Mental welfare
2017 Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 39–42
| Language | English |
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| Publishing date | 2017-09-14 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Mental welfare
2017 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–6
| Language | English |
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| Publishing date | 2017-09-14 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Animal Production Science. 2023, v. 63, no. 11 p.1113-1125
2023
Abstract: Context Feed is the largest expense on a dairy farm, therefore improving feed efficiency is important. Recording dry-matter intake (DMI) is a prerequisite for calculating feed efficiency. Genetic variation of feed intake and feed efficiency varies across ...
| Abstract | Context Feed is the largest expense on a dairy farm, therefore improving feed efficiency is important. Recording dry-matter intake (DMI) is a prerequisite for calculating feed efficiency. Genetic variation of feed intake and feed efficiency varies across lactation stages and parities. DMI is an expensive and difficult-to-measure trait. This raises the question of which time periods during lactation would be most appropriate to measure DMI. Aims The aim was to evaluate whether sequence variants selected from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for DMI recorded at multiple lactation time periods and parities would increase the accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) for DMI and residual feed intake (RFI). Methods Data of 2274 overseas lactating cows were used for the GWAS to select sequence variants. GWAS was performed using the average of the DMI phenotypes in a 30-day window of six different time periods across the lactation. The most significant sequence variants were selected from the GWAS at each time period for either first or later parities. GEBVs for DMI and RFI in Australian lactating cows were estimated using BayesRC with 50k single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and selected GWAS sequence variants. Key results There were differences in DMI genomic correlations and heritabilities between first and later parities and within parity across lactation time periods. Compared with using 50k single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) only, the accuracy of DMI GEBVs increased by up to 11% by using the 50k SNPs plus the selected sequence variants. Compared with DMI, the increase in accuracy for RFI was lower (by 6%) likely because the sequence variants were selected from GWAS for DMI not RFI. The accuracies for DMI and RFI GEBVs were highest by using selected sequence variants from the DMI GWAS in the mid- to late-lactation periods in later parity. Conclusions Our results showed that DMI phenotypes in late lactation time periods could capture more genetic variation and increase genomic prediction accuracy through the use of custom genotype panels in genomic selection. Implications Collecting DMI at the optimal time period(s) of lactation may help develop more accurate and cost-effective breeding values for feed efficiency in dairy cattle. |
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| Keywords | animal production ; cost effectiveness ; dairy cattle ; dairy farming ; dry matter intake ; feed conversion ; genetic variation ; genomics ; genotype ; late lactation ; marker-assisted selection ; prediction ; BayesRC ; DMI ; days in milk ; disentangling phenotypes ; genomic accuracy ; genomic correlation ; GWAS ; hierarchical clustering ; lactation time periods ; RFI |
| Language | English |
| Size | p. 1113-1125. |
| Publishing place | CSIRO Publishing |
| Document type | Article ; Online |
| ZDB-ID | 2472524-9 |
| ISSN | 1836-5787 ; 1836-0939 |
| ISSN (online) | 1836-5787 |
| ISSN | 1836-0939 |
| DOI | 10.1071/AN23022 |
| Database | NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA) |
| Z 1435: Show issues |
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2012 Volume 490, Issue 7419, Page(s) 187–191
Abstract: The US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke convened major stakeholders in June 2012 to discuss how to improve the methodological reporting of animal studies in grant applications and publications. The main workshop recommendation is ... ...
| Abstract | The US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke convened major stakeholders in June 2012 to discuss how to improve the methodological reporting of animal studies in grant applications and publications. The main workshop recommendation is that at a minimum studies should report on sample-size estimation, whether and how animals were randomized, whether investigators were blind to the treatment, and the handling of data. We recognize that achieving a meaningful improvement in the quality of reporting will require a concerted effort by investigators, reviewers, funding agencies and journal editors. Requiring better reporting of animal studies will raise awareness of the importance of rigorous study design to accelerate scientific progress. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Animals ; Publishing/standards ; Publishing/trends ; Random Allocation ; Research Design/standards ; Sample Size ; Statistics as Topic |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2012-10-11 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
| ZDB-ID | 120714-3 |
| ISSN | 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836 |
| ISSN (online) | 1476-4687 |
| ISSN | 0028-0836 |
| DOI | 10.1038/nature11556 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.A 26: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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| Zs.MO 244: Show issues |
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2012 Volume 13, Page(s) 184
Abstract: Background: Rapid access chest pain clinics have facilitated the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with coronary heart disease and angina. Despite this important service provision, coronary heart disease continues to be under-diagnosed and many ... ...
| Abstract | Background: Rapid access chest pain clinics have facilitated the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with coronary heart disease and angina. Despite this important service provision, coronary heart disease continues to be under-diagnosed and many patients are left untreated and at risk. Recent advances in imaging technology have now led to the widespread use of noninvasive computed tomography, which can be used to measure coronary artery calcium scores and perform coronary angiography in one examination. However, this technology has not been robustly evaluated in its application to the clinic. Methods/design: The SCOT-HEART study is an open parallel group prospective multicentre randomized controlled trial of 4,138 patients attending the rapid access chest pain clinic for evaluation of suspected cardiac chest pain. Following clinical consultation, participants will be approached and randomized 1:1 to receive standard care or standard care plus ≥64-multidetector computed tomography coronary angiography and coronary calcium score. Randomization will be conducted using a web-based system to ensure allocation concealment and will incorporate minimization. The primary endpoint of the study will be the proportion of patients diagnosed with angina pectoris secondary to coronary heart disease at 6 weeks. Secondary endpoints will include the assessment of subsequent symptoms, diagnosis, investigation and treatment. In addition, long-term health outcomes, safety endpoints, such as radiation dose, and health economic endpoints will be assessed. Assuming a clinic rate of 27.0% for the diagnosis of angina pectoris due to coronary heart disease, we will need to recruit 2,069 patients per group to detect an absolute increase of 4.0% in the rate of diagnosis at 80% power and a two-sided P value of 0.05. The SCOT-HEART study is currently recruiting participants and expects to report in 2014. Discussion: This is the first study to look at the implementation of computed tomography in the patient care pathway that is outcome focused. This study will have major implications for the management of patients with cardiovascular disease. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01149590. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Angina Pectoris/diagnostic imaging ; Angina Pectoris/etiology ; Angina Pectoris/therapy ; Cardiology Service, Hospital ; Clinical Protocols ; Coronary Angiography/methods ; Coronary Disease/complications ; Coronary Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Disease/therapy ; Decision Support Techniques ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Research Design ; Risk Factors ; Scotland ; Time Factors ; Time-to-Treatment |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2012-10-04 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 2040523-6 |
| ISSN | 1745-6215 ; 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215 |
| ISSN (online) | 1745-6215 |
| ISSN | 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215 |
| DOI | 10.1186/1745-6215-13-184 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Journal of medicinal chemistry
2015 Volume 58, Issue 12, Page(s) 5053–5074
Abstract: Checkpoint kinase 1 (ChK1) plays a key role in the DNA damage response, facilitating cell-cycle arrest to provide sufficient time for lesion repair. This leads to the hypothesis that inhibition of ChK1 might enhance the effectiveness of DNA-damaging ... ...
| Abstract | Checkpoint kinase 1 (ChK1) plays a key role in the DNA damage response, facilitating cell-cycle arrest to provide sufficient time for lesion repair. This leads to the hypothesis that inhibition of ChK1 might enhance the effectiveness of DNA-damaging therapies in the treatment of cancer. Lead compound 1 (GNE-783), the prototype of the 1,7-diazacarbazole class of ChK1 inhibitors, was found to be a highly potent inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and unsuitable for development. A campaign of analogue synthesis established SAR delineating ChK1 and AChE activities and allowing identification of new leads with improved profiles. In silico docking using a model of AChE permitted rationalization of the observed SAR. Compounds 19 (GNE-900) and 30 (GNE-145) were identified as selective, orally bioavailable ChK1 inhibitors offering excellent in vitro potency with significantly reduced AChE activity. In combination with gemcitabine, these compounds demonstrate an in vivo pharmacodynamic effect and are efficacious in a mouse p53 mutant xenograft model. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Acetylcholinesterase/chemistry ; Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism ; Acetylcholinesterase/pharmacokinetics ; Acetylcholinesterase/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Aza Compounds/chemistry ; Aza Compounds/pharmacokinetics ; Aza Compounds/pharmacology ; Aza Compounds/therapeutic use ; Carbazoles/chemistry ; Carbazoles/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Checkpoint Kinase 1 ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/chemistry ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Dogs ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Models, Molecular ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/enzymology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Protein Kinases/chemistry ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Rats |
| Chemical Substances | Aza Compounds ; Carbazoles ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.-) ; CHEK1 protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Checkpoint Kinase 1 (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Chek1 protein, mouse (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Chek1 protein, rat (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2015-06-25 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 218133-2 |
| ISSN | 1520-4804 ; 0022-2623 |
| ISSN (online) | 1520-4804 |
| ISSN | 0022-2623 |
| DOI | 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00464 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.B 151: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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| Zs.MB 1: Show issues |
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2010
Abstract: This paper addresses the challenge of developing a ‘bottom-up’ marginal abatement cost curve (MACC) for greenhouse gas emissions from UK agriculture. A MACC illustrates the costs of specific crop, soil, and livestock abatement measures against a ‘‘ ... ...
| Abstract | This paper addresses the challenge of developing a ‘bottom-up’ marginal abatement cost curve (MACC) for greenhouse gas emissions from UK agriculture. A MACC illustrates the costs of specific crop, soil, and livestock abatement measures against a ‘‘business as usual’’ scenario. The results indicate that in 2022 under a specific policy scenario, around 5.38 MtCO2 equivalent (e) could be abated at negative or zero cost. A further 17% of agricultural GHG emissions (7.85 MtCO2e) could be abated at a lower unit cost than the UK Government’s 2022 shadow price of carbon (£34 (tCO2e)-1). The paper discusses a range of methodological hurdles that complicate cost-effectiveness appraisal of abatement in agriculture relative to other sectors. |
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| Keywords | Climate change ; Marginal abatement costs ; Agriculture ; Environmental Economics and Policy ; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy ; Q52 ; Q 54 ; Q58 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing country | us |
| Document type | Conference proceedings ; Online |
| Database | BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection) |
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2014 Volume 344, Issue 6190, Page(s) 1346–1348
| MeSH term(s) | Africa ; Disease/genetics ; England ; Genetics, Medical/trends ; Genome-Wide Association Study/trends ; Genomics/trends ; Health ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2014-06-20 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 128410-1 |
| ISSN | 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075 |
| ISSN (online) | 1095-9203 |
| ISSN | 0036-8075 |
| DOI | 10.1126/science.1251546 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.A 27: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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| Zs.MG 77: Show issues |
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2008 Volume 9, Issue 12, Page(s) 1356–1363
Abstract: Nedd4 and Itch are E3 ubiquitin ligases that ubiquitinate similar targets in vitro and thus are thought to function similarly. T cells lacking Itch show spontaneous activation and T helper type 2 polarization. To test whether loss of Nedd4 affects T ... ...
| Abstract | Nedd4 and Itch are E3 ubiquitin ligases that ubiquitinate similar targets in vitro and thus are thought to function similarly. T cells lacking Itch show spontaneous activation and T helper type 2 polarization. To test whether loss of Nedd4 affects T cells in the same way, we generated Nedd4(+/+) and Nedd4(-/-) fetal liver chimeras. Nedd4(-/-) T cells developed normally but proliferated less, produced less interleukin 2 and provided inadequate help to B cells. Nedd4(-/-) T cells contained more of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b, and Nedd4 was required for polyubiquitination of Cbl-b induced by CD28 costimulation. Our data demonstrate that Nedd4 promotes the conversion of naive T cells into activated T cells. We propose that Nedd4 and Itch ubiquitinate distinct target proteins in vivo. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Animals ; CD28 Antigens/immunology ; CD28 Antigens/metabolism ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport ; Flow Cytometry ; Immunoblotting ; Immunoprecipitation ; Lymphocyte Activation/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl/immunology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Transplantation Chimera ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/immunology ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism ; Ubiquitination/immunology |
| Chemical Substances | CD28 Antigens ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport ; Itch protein, mouse (EC 2.3.2.26) ; Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.26) ; Nedd4l protein, mouse (EC 2.3.2.26) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2008-12 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2016987-5 |
| ISSN | 1529-2916 ; 1529-2908 |
| ISSN (online) | 1529-2916 |
| ISSN | 1529-2908 |
| DOI | 10.1038/ni.1670 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.A 5294: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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