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  1. Article ; Online: A case of myxopapillary ependymoma with predominant giant cell morphology: A rare entity with comprehensive genomic profiling and review of literature.

    Morales-Vargas, Bryan / Saad, Hassan / Refai, Daniel / Schniederjan, Matthew / Abdullaev, Zied / Aldape, Kenneth / Abedalthagafi, Malak

    Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology

    2024  

    Abstract: In the evolving landscape of ependymoma classification, which integrates histological, molecular, and anatomical context, we detail a rare case divergent from the usual histopathological spectrum. We present the case of a 37-year-old man with symptomatic ...

    Abstract In the evolving landscape of ependymoma classification, which integrates histological, molecular, and anatomical context, we detail a rare case divergent from the usual histopathological spectrum. We present the case of a 37-year-old man with symptomatic spinal cord compression at the L3-L4 level. Neuroradiological evaluation revealed an intradural, encapsulated mass. Histologically, the tumor displayed atypical features: bizarre pleomorphic giant cells, intranuclear inclusions, mitotic activity, and a profusion of eosinophilic cytoplasm with hyalinized vessels, deviating from the characteristic perivascular pseudorosettes or myxopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical staining bolstered this divergence, marking the tumor cells positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and epithelial membrane antigen with a characteristic ring-like pattern, and CD99 but negative for Olig-2. These markers, alongside methylation profiling, facilitated its classification as a myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE), despite the atypical histologic features. This profile underscores the necessity of a multifaceted diagnostic process, especially when histological presentation is uncommon, confirming the critical role of immunohistochemistry and molecular diagnostics in classifying morphologically ambiguous ependymomas and exemplifying the histological diversity within MPEs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-19
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 1483794-8
    ISSN 1440-1789 ; 0919-6544
    ISSN (online) 1440-1789
    ISSN 0919-6544
    DOI 10.1111/neup.12977
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Thoracic Hemangiopericytoma With Intramedullary Invasion: 2-Dimensional Operative Video.

    Stricsek, Geoffrey / Bray, David P / Mendoza, Pia R / Neill, Stewart G / Refai, Daniel

    Operative neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.)

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 2, Page(s) e84

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2767575-0
    ISSN 2332-4260 ; 2332-4252
    ISSN (online) 2332-4260
    ISSN 2332-4252
    DOI 10.1227/ONS.0000000000000043
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The Use of Anterior Lumbosacral Interbody Fusion in Spinopelvic Stabilization After High Partial Sacrectomy.

    Kashlan, Osama N / Monson, David K / Refai, Daniel

    Operative neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.)

    2019  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) E173–E176

    Abstract: Background and importance: Traditionally, when a patient presents with a midline chordoma with extension to the mid-S1 body where neither S1 nerve roots can be spared, the recommendation would be to perform a total sacrectomy for en bloc resection. This ...

    Abstract Background and importance: Traditionally, when a patient presents with a midline chordoma with extension to the mid-S1 body where neither S1 nerve roots can be spared, the recommendation would be to perform a total sacrectomy for en bloc resection. This procedure, however, results in a large bony defect that makes it difficult to achieve fusion across the lumbosacral and sacroiliac junction (SIJ). To help prevent this challenge in the situation described above, we propose performing a high sacrectomy for en bloc resection with placement of an anterior L5-S1 graft instead in specific situations where the tumor extends to the mid-S1 body leaving the superior aspect of S1 unaffected.
    Clinical presentation: A 56-yr-old female presented to our clinic with back pain, leg pain, urinary incontinence, and perineal numbness. She was found to have a chordoma that extended to the mid-S1 body superiorly. Her S1 nerve roots were involved extraforaminally. We performed the operation described above with no signs of hardware malfunction or tumor recurrence at 5 mo.
    Conclusion: In patients where the sacral tumor that involves the S1 nerve roots but does not involve the superior portion of the S1 body, there continues to be unaffected SIJ to allow for arthrodesis, and an anterior approach is necessary for other indications, we recommend performing a high partial sacrectomy with placement of an anterior L5-S1 graft rather than a total sacrectomy as long as the bony resection offers ability to obtain tumor margins.
    MeSH term(s) Chordoma/diagnostic imaging ; Chordoma/surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Ilium/diagnostic imaging ; Ilium/surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Sacroiliac Joint/diagnostic imaging ; Sacroiliac Joint/surgery ; Sacrum/diagnostic imaging ; Sacrum/surgery ; Spinal Fusion/methods ; Spinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Neoplasms/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2767575-0
    ISSN 2332-4260 ; 2332-4252
    ISSN (online) 2332-4260
    ISSN 2332-4252
    DOI 10.1093/ons/opy377
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Comparing Cortical Bone Trajectory and Traditional Pedicle Screws in Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Retrospective Cohort Study of One-Year Outcomes.

    Gutierrez, Juanmarco / Erwood, Andrew M / Malcolm, James G / Grogan, Dayton P / Greven, Alexander C / Gary, Matthew F / Rodts, Gerald E / Stricsek, Geoffrey P / Refai, Daniel

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) e43237

    Abstract: Introduction: This is a retrospective study of consecutive patients undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) at a single institution. The objective of this study was to compare the long-term results associated with cortical bone ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: This is a retrospective study of consecutive patients undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) at a single institution. The objective of this study was to compare the long-term results associated with cortical bone trajectory (CBT) and traditional pedicle screw (TPS) via posterolateral approach in TLIF.
    Methods: Consecutive patients treated from November 2014 to March 2019 were included in the CBT TLIF group, while consecutive patients treated from October 2010 to August 2017 were included in the TPS TLIF group. Inclusion criteria comprised single-level or two-level TLIF for degenerative spondylolisthesis with stenosis and at least one year of clinical and radiographic follow-up. Variables of interest included pertinent preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative data. Non-parametric evaluation was performed using the Wilcoxon test. Fisher's exact test was used to assess group differences for nominal data.
    Results: Overall, 140 patients met the inclusion criteria; 69 patients had CBT instrumentation (mean follow-up 526 days) and 71 patients underwent instrumentation placement via TPS (mean follow-up 825 days). Examination of perioperative and postoperative outcomes demonstrate comparable results between the groups with perioperative complications, length of stay, discharge destination, surgical revision rate, and fusion rates all being similar between groups (p = 0.1; p = 0.53; p = 0.091; p = 0.61; p = 0.665, respectively).
    Conclusions: CBT in the setting of TLIF offer equivalent outcomes to TPS with TLIF at both short- and long-term intervals of care.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.43237
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Safety Profile and Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Stand-Alone 2-Level Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Case Series of 41 Consecutive Patients.

    Kashlan, Osama / Frerich, Jason M / Malcolm, James G / Gary, Matthew F / Rodts, Gerald E / Refai, Daniel

    Cureus

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 11, Page(s) e11684

    Abstract: Objective: The use of stand-alone 2-level anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) for degenerative lumbar disease has been increasing as an alternative to routinely augmenting these constructs with posterior fixation or fusion. Despite the potential ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The use of stand-alone 2-level anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) for degenerative lumbar disease has been increasing as an alternative to routinely augmenting these constructs with posterior fixation or fusion. Despite the potential benefits of a stand-alone approach (decreased cost and operative time, decreased pain and early mobilization), there is a paucity of information regarding these operations in the literature. This investigation aimed to determine the safety profile, radiographic outcomes including fusion rates, improvement in preoperative pain, and spinopelvic parameter modification, for patients undergoing stand-alone 2-level ALIF.
    Methods: This retrospective case series involved a chart review of all patients undergoing 2-level stand-alone ALIF at a single tertiary hospital from 2008 to 2018. Data included patient demographics, hospitalization, complications and radiological studies. Visual analog scale (VAS) back and leg scores were measured via patient-administered surveys preoperatively and up to 18 weeks postoperatively.
    Results: Forty-one patients who underwent L4-S1 stand-alone ALIF were included. Sixteen (39%) of patients had undergone previous posterior lumbar surgery. Length of stay averaged 4.2 days. Complication rates were comparable to 1-level ALIF. Two patients required reoperation. Fusion rates were 100% for L4-5 and 94.4% for L5-S1. There was no significant change in lumbar lordosis (LL) or LL-pelvic incidence (PI), but there was improved segmental lordosis (SL) and disc height at L4-S1 on final follow-up imaging. There was also modest but statistically significant improvement in VAS back and leg scores.
    Conclusions: Stand-alone 2-level ALIF is an option for a surgeon to perform in the absence of significant instability, even in the setting of prior posterior surgery. These procedures increase SL and disc height, but do not have the same effect on LL or LL-PI.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.11684
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Atlantoaxial pseudoarticulation as a cause of neck pain: case illustration.

    Boucher, Andrew B / Kashlan, Osama N / Gary, Matthew F / Refai, Daniel

    Journal of neurosurgery. Spine

    2018  Volume 30, Issue 2, Page(s) 182–183

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Atlanto-Axial Joint/pathology ; Atlanto-Axial Joint/physiopathology ; Cervical Vertebrae/physiopathology ; Cervical Vertebrae/surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Neck/surgery ; Neck Pain/diagnosis ; Neck Pain/etiology ; Neck Pain/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2158643-3
    ISSN 1547-5646 ; 1547-5654
    ISSN (online) 1547-5646
    ISSN 1547-5654
    DOI 10.3171/2018.8.SPINE18918
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Current Procedural Terminology-based Procedure Categorization Enhances Cost Prediction of Medicare Severity Diagnosis Related Group in Spine Surgery.

    Baum, Griffin R / Stricsek, Geoffrey / Kumarasamy, Mathu A / Thirunavu, Vineeth / Esper, Gregory J / Boden, Scott D / Refai, Daniel

    Spine

    2021  Volume 46, Issue 6, Page(s) 391–400

    Abstract: Study design: Retrospective cohort study.: Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze how a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT)-based categorization method can predict cost variation in surgical spine procedures.: Summary of background data: ...

    Abstract Study design: Retrospective cohort study.
    Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze how a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT)-based categorization method can predict cost variation in surgical spine procedures.
    Summary of background data: Neck and back disorders affect a majority of the adult population and account for tens of billions of dollars in health care spending each year. In the era of bundled payments and value-based reimbursement, it is imperative for surgeons to identify sources of cost variability across surgical spine procedures. Historically, this has been accomplished using Medicare Severity Diagnosis Related Group (MS-DRG) codes, but they utilize an overly simplistic categorization of surgical procedures. The specificity and familiarity of the CPT coding structure makes it a better option for categorizing differences in surgical decision making and technique.
    Methods: Hospital billing data for patients undergoing a surgical spine procedure requiring an overnight, in-patient stay was retrospectively collected over 4 fiscal years (2012-2016) from a single health care system. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess the correlation between cost variation and: spine-specific MS-DRG codes; a novel CPT-based categorization method; and the combination of MS-DRG codes and CPT-based categorization.
    Results: There were 5020 surgical procedures were analyzed with respect to 16 different MS-DRG codes and 30 distinct CPT-based surgical categories (CSCs). Linear regression results were: MS-DRG R2 = 0.6545 (P < 0.001); CSC R2 = 0.5709 (P < 0.001); and R2 = 0.744 for the combined MS-DRG and CSC methods (P < 0.05). Median difference between the actual and predicted cost for the combined model was -$261.00, compared with -$727.50 for the CSC model and -$478.70 for the MS-DRG model.
    Conclusion: Addition of the CPT-based categorization method to MS-DRG coding provides an enhanced method to evaluate the association between predicted and actual cost when using linear regression analysis to assess cost variation in spine surgery.Level of Evidence: 3.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Current Procedural Terminology ; Diagnosis-Related Groups ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Male ; Medicare/economics ; Medicare/trends ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Spinal Diseases/economics ; Spinal Diseases/surgery ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 752024-4
    ISSN 1528-1159 ; 0362-2436
    ISSN (online) 1528-1159
    ISSN 0362-2436
    DOI 10.1097/BRS.0000000000003801
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  8. Article ; Online: Spinal Arachnoid Webs: Presentation, Natural History, and Outcomes in 38 Patients.

    Laxpati, Nealen / Malcolm, James G / Tsemo, Georges Bouobda / Mustroph, Christian / Saindane, Amit M / Ahmad, Faiz / Refai, Daniel / Gary, Matthew F

    Neurosurgery

    2021  Volume 89, Issue 5, Page(s) 917–927

    Abstract: Background: Spinal arachnoid webs are rarely described bands of thickened arachnoid tissue in the dorsal thoracic spine. Much is unknown regarding their origins, risk factors, natural history, and outcomes.: Objective: To present the single largest ... ...

    Abstract Background: Spinal arachnoid webs are rarely described bands of thickened arachnoid tissue in the dorsal thoracic spine. Much is unknown regarding their origins, risk factors, natural history, and outcomes.
    Objective: To present the single largest case series, detailing presenting symptoms and outcomes amongst operative and nonoperative patients, to better understand the role of intervention.
    Methods: This retrospective chart review identified 38 patients with arachnoid webs. Patient demographics, radiologic signs, symptoms, and surgical history data were extracted from the electronic medical record. Symptoms were divided by location and character. 28 patients were successfully contacted for follow up outcome surveys.
    Results: 26 patients (68%) underwent surgical intervention, 12 (32%) were managed non-operatively. 15 (39%) patients had undergone a previous unsuccessful surgery at a different site for their symptoms prior to arachnoid web diagnosis. Commonly presenting symptoms included myelopathy (68%), focal thoracic back pain (68%), lower extremity weakness (45%), numbness and sensory changes (58%), and lower extremity radicular pain (42%), upper extremity weakness (24%), and radicular pain (37%). Focal thoracic pain was associated with thoracic level (P < .02). Myelopathic symptoms were less common in postoperative patients. Postoperative patients described significantly more upper extremity (P < .01) and thoracic (P < .01) numbness and paresthesias. Surveyed nonoperative patients universally described their symptoms as either stable or worsening.
    Conclusion: Spinal arachnoid webs present with thoracic myelopathy and back pain but can also present with upper extremity symptoms. Surgical intervention stabilizes or improves symptoms and is well received. Nonoperative patients do not spontaneously improve.
    MeSH term(s) Back Pain ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Cord Diseases/surgery ; Spine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 135446-2
    ISSN 1524-4040 ; 0148-396X
    ISSN (online) 1524-4040
    ISSN 0148-396X
    DOI 10.1093/neuros/nyab321
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Letter: Neurosurgical Management of Spinal Pathology Via Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Early Experience and Unique Challenges.

    Greven, Alexander C M / Rich, Christopher W / Malcolm, James G / Bray, David P / Rodts, Gerald E / Refai, Daniel / Gary, Matthew F

    Neurosurgery

    2020  Volume 87, Issue 2, Page(s) E192–E196

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 135446-2
    ISSN 1524-4040 ; 0148-396X
    ISSN (online) 1524-4040
    ISSN 0148-396X
    DOI 10.1093/neuros/nyaa165
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Letter: Maintaining Neurosurgical Resident Education and Safety During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

    Bray, David P / Stricsek, Geoffrey P / Malcolm, James / Gutierrez, Juanmarco / Greven, Alexander / Barrow, Daniel L / Rodts, Gerald E / Gary, Matthew F / Refai, Daniel

    Neurosurgery

    2020  Volume 87, Issue 2, Page(s) E189–E191

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 135446-2
    ISSN 1524-4040 ; 0148-396X
    ISSN (online) 1524-4040
    ISSN 0148-396X
    DOI 10.1093/neuros/nyaa164
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