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  1. Article: Abundancia y diversidad de aves acuáticas en un humedal marino del Golfo San Jorge, Argentina

    Gatto, Alejandro(Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales) / Quintana, Flavio(CONICET Centro Nacional Patagónico , Wildlife Conservation Society) / Yorio, Pablo(CONICET Centro Nacional Patagónico , Wildlife Conservation Society) / Lisnizer, Nora(Universidad Nacional de La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo)

    El hornero

    2005/12  

    Abstract: Se estudiaron la diversidad y la abundancia de aves acuáticas que utilizaron los ambientes intermareales y aguas someras de la caleta Malaspina, Golfo San Jorge, Chubut, mediante conteos semanales durante la primavera de 2000. Para esto se ubicaron siete ...

    Abstract Se estudiaron la diversidad y la abundancia de aves acuáticas que utilizaron los ambientes intermareales y aguas someras de la caleta Malaspina, Golfo San Jorge, Chubut, mediante conteos semanales durante la primavera de 2000. Para esto se ubicaron siete estaciones de muestreo en ambientes intermareales representativos de la heterogeneidad ambiental presente a lo largo de la línea de costa de la caleta. El ensamble estuvo compuesto por 31 especies y mostró una alta diversidad específica de aves acuáticas. La composición del ensamble mostró un núcleo de especies dominantes y muchas especies con abundancias menores, y varió a lo largo del estudio, debido principalmente a la disminución en abundancia de la Gaviota Cocinera (Larus dominicanus) y a la llegada de los primeros pulsos migratorios del Playerito Rabadilla Blanca (Calidris fuscicollis). La zona norte del Golfo San Jorge, incluida la caleta Malaspina, ha sido propuesta para la creación de una futura área marina protegida. La información obtenida en este trabajo contribuirá para generar pautas de manejo eficientes para la conservación de éste y otros humedales marinos patagónicos.
    Language Spanish
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0073-3407
    Database AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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  2. Article: A population based study of Helicobacter pylori infection in a European country: the San Marino Study. Relations with gastrointestinal diseases.

    Gasbarrini, G / Pretolani, S / Bonvicini, F / Gatto, M R / Tonelli, E / Mégraud, F / Mayo, K / Ghironzi, G / Giulianelli, G / Grassi, M

    Gut

    1995  Volume 36, Issue 6, Page(s) 838–844

    Abstract: ... of San Marino, a European country with high gastric cancer rate, to assess its prevalence and to evaluate ...

    Abstract Helicobacter pylori is present worldwide but few large population studies exist on the epidemiology of the infection. A random cross sectional study was performed of H pylori infection in the adult population of San Marino, a European country with high gastric cancer rate, to assess its prevalence and to evaluate its relations with gastrointestinal disease. In 2237 subjects (77% of the initial sample) H pylori IgG antibodies were detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. A questionnaire including questions about occupation, place of birth, and smoking was given to all subjects. Dyspepsia, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer in the subjects, relatives, and partners as well as use of drug, dental treatment/prostheses, and gastrointestinal endoscopies, were evaluated by multivariate analysis. H pylori prevalence was of 51%, increased with age from 23% (20-29 years) to 68% (> or = 70 years), and was higher among manual workers. H pylori was independently associated with ulcer (OR = 1.63, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.16 to 2.27), H2 antagonists (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.21 to 3.10), and benzodiazepines (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.42), dental prostheses (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.49), gastroscopy in the past five years (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.14), peptic ulcer in siblings (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.09 to 2.12), gastric cancer in father (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.52). The association of seropositivity with history of ulcer, gastric cancer in family, gastroscopy, and H2 antagonists suggests that H pylori is an epidemiological key factor in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal diseases in this area.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/microbiology ; Helicobacter Infections/complications ; Helicobacter Infections/epidemiology ; Helicobacter Infections/etiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptic Ulcer/microbiology ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; San Marino/epidemiology ; Sex Distribution ; Social Class ; Stomach Neoplasms/microbiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 1995-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80128-8
    ISSN 1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
    ISSN (online) 1468-3288
    ISSN 0017-5749
    DOI 10.1136/gut.36.6.838
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book: River networks as ecological corridors

    Rinaldo, Andrea / Gatto, Marino / Rodríguez-Iturbe, Ignacio

    species, populations, pathogens

    2020  

    Abstract: Species -- Populations -- Waterborne disease -- Afterthoughts and outlook. ... River networks are critically important ecosystems. This interdisciplinary book provides an integrated ecohydrological framework blending laboratory, field, and theoretical ... ...

    Author's details by Andrea Rinaldo (École polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Marino Gatto (Politecnico di Milano), Ignacio Rodriguez-Iturbe (Texas A & M University)
    Abstract Species -- Populations -- Waterborne disease -- Afterthoughts and outlook.

    "River networks are critically important ecosystems. This interdisciplinary book provides an integrated ecohydrological framework blending laboratory, field, and theoretical evidence that changes our understanding of river networks as ecological corridors. It describes how the physical structure of the river environment impacts biodiversity, species invasions, population dynamics, and the spread of waterborne disease. State-of-the-art research on the ecological roles of the structure of river networks is summarized, including important studies on the spread and control of waterborne diseases, biodiversity loss due to water resource management, and invasions by non-native species. Practical implications of this research are illustrated with numerous examples throughout. This is an invaluable go-to reference for graduate students and researchers interested in river ecology and hydrology, and the links between the two. Describing new related research on spatially-explicit modeling of the spread of waterborne disease, this book will also be of great interest to epidemiologists and public health managers"--
    Keywords Ecohydrology ; Biodiversity ; Corridors (Ecology) ; Watersheds ; Water / Microbiology
    Language English
    Size xviii, 438 Seiten, Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Publisher Cambridge University Press
    Publishing place Cambridge
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index
    HBZ-ID HT020878868
    ISBN 978-1-108-47782-6 ; 9781108775014 ; 1-108-47782-8 ; 1108775012
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  4. Article ; Online: Helminth ecological requirements shape the impact of climate change on the hazard of infection.

    Vanalli, Chiara / Mari, Lorenzo / Casagrandi, Renato / Gatto, Marino / Cattadori, Isabella M

    Ecology letters

    2024  Volume 27, Issue 2, Page(s) e14386

    Abstract: Outbreaks and spread of infectious diseases are often associated with seasonality and environmental changes, including global warming. Free-living stages of soil-transmitted helminths are highly susceptible to climatic drivers; however, how multiple ... ...

    Abstract Outbreaks and spread of infectious diseases are often associated with seasonality and environmental changes, including global warming. Free-living stages of soil-transmitted helminths are highly susceptible to climatic drivers; however, how multiple climatic variables affect helminth species, and the long-term consequences of these interactions, is poorly understood. We used experiments on nine trichostrongylid species of herbivores to develop a temperature- and humidity-dependent model of infection hazard, which was then implemented at the European scale under climate change scenarios. Intestinal and stomach helminths exhibited contrasting climatic responses, with the former group strongly affected by temperature while the latter primarily impacted by humidity. Among the demographic traits, larval survival heavily modulated the infection hazard. According to the specific climatic responses of the two groups, climate change is expected to generate differences in the seasonal and spatial shifts of the infection hazard and group co-circulation. In the future, an intensification of these trends could create new opportunities for species range expansion and co-occurrence at European central-northern latitudes.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Climate Change ; Helminths ; Global Warming ; Larva
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1441608-6
    ISSN 1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
    ISSN (online) 1461-0248
    ISSN 1461-023X
    DOI 10.1111/ele.14386
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A climate-driven compartmental model for fungal diseases in fruit orchards: The impacts of climate change on a brown rot-peach system

    Bevacqua, Daniele / Vanalli, Chiara / Casagrandi, Renato / Gatto, Marino

    Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2023 Apr., v. 332 p.109293-

    2023  

    Abstract: As a well-known driving force of diseases in crops, climate change is likely to impact future crop yields. In the present work, we account for climate-related influences on the key parameters of a SIR-type epidemiological model for fungal diseases in ... ...

    Abstract As a well-known driving force of diseases in crops, climate change is likely to impact future crop yields. In the present work, we account for climate-related influences on the key parameters of a SIR-type epidemiological model for fungal diseases in stone fruit aimed at simulating different observed epidemic patterns, and, eventually, evaluating the possible impacts of climate change on the disease-induced yield loss. Brown rot disease in peach orchards is used here as a study system. We contrasted simulation results with epidemiological measures collected from an experimental orchard in Avignon (southern France) in two consecutive years, characterized by dissimilar brown rot outbreaks. The capacity of our climate-driven model to adequately reproduce the observed disease patterns suggests temperature and precipitation as key drivers of brown rot epidemics. Overall, the model predicts a potential decrease of brown rot severity under warmer and drier climatic conditions. To comprehensively understand the effect of future climate change on peach yield, alterations of crop phenology must also be accounted for. We thus build a model that considers the synergism between the two factors: vulnerability to the pathogen and varying phenology. Using plausible climate change scenarios, we find that the peach yield in the considered Mediterranean region will be considerably impaired: although brown rot-related yield losses are expected to decrease in warmer and drier climatic conditions, climate change will hinder fruit blooming and consequently the yield because milder winters will impede the achievement of dormancy. By deepening our understanding of climatic impacts on crop fungal infections, the present study may serve as a useful tool to plan and implement suitable adaptation strategies for peach cultivation.
    Keywords brown rot disease ; climate change ; dormancy ; forests ; fruits ; fungi ; meteorology ; models ; orchards ; pathogens ; peaches ; phenology ; synergism ; temperature ; France ; Mediterranean region ; Brown rot ; Climate-dependent parameters ; Epidemiological model ; Peach (prunus persica) ; Yield loss ; Climate change scenarios
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-04
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 409905-9
    ISSN 0168-1923
    ISSN 0168-1923
    DOI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109293
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Modeling the contribution of antibody attack rates to single and dual helminth infections in a natural system.

    Vanalli, Chiara / Mari, Lorenzo / Casagrandi, Renato / Boag, Brian / Gatto, Marino / Cattadori, Isabella M

    Mathematical biosciences

    2023  Volume 360, Page(s) 109010

    Abstract: Within-host models of infection can provide important insights into the processes that affect parasite spread and persistence in host populations. However, modeling can be limited by the availability of empirical data, a problem commonly encountered in ... ...

    Abstract Within-host models of infection can provide important insights into the processes that affect parasite spread and persistence in host populations. However, modeling can be limited by the availability of empirical data, a problem commonly encountered in natural systems. Here, we used six years of immune-infection observations of two gastrointestinal helminths (Trichostrongylus retortaeformis and Graphidium strigosum) from a population of European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) to develop an age-dependent, mathematical model that explicitly included species-specific and cross-reacting antibody (IgA and IgG) responses to each helminth in hosts with single or dual infections. Different models of single infection were formally compared to test alternative mechanisms of parasite regulation. The two models that best described single infections of each helminth species were then coupled through antibody cross-immunity to examine how the presence of one species could alter the host immune response to, and the within-host dynamics of, the other species. For both single infections, model selection suggested that either IgA or IgG responses could equally explain the observed parasite intensities by host age. However, the antibody attack rate and affinity level changed between the two helminths, it was stronger against T. retortaeformis than against G. strigosum and caused contrasting age-intensity profiles. When the two helminths coinfect the same host, we found variation of the species-specific antibody response to both species together with an asymmetric cross-immune response driven by IgG. Lower attack rate and affinity of antibodies in dual than single infections contributed to the significant increase of both helminth intensities. By combining mathematical modeling with immuno-infection data, our work provides a tractable model framework for disentangling some of the complexities generated by host-parasite and parasite-parasite interactions in natural systems.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Rabbits ; Incidence ; Helminths/physiology ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin A ; Host-Parasite Interactions
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin A
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1126-5
    ISSN 1879-3134 ; 0025-5564
    ISSN (online) 1879-3134
    ISSN 0025-5564
    DOI 10.1016/j.mbs.2023.109010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Spatially explicit effective reproduction numbers from incidence and mobility data.

    Trevisin, Cristiano / Bertuzzo, Enrico / Pasetto, Damiano / Mari, Lorenzo / Miccoli, Stefano / Casagrandi, Renato / Gatto, Marino / Rinaldo, Andrea

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2023  Volume 120, Issue 20, Page(s) e2219816120

    Abstract: Current methods for near real-time estimation of effective reproduction numbers from surveillance data overlook mobility fluxes of infectors and susceptible individuals within a spatially connected network (the metapopulation). Exchanges of infections ... ...

    Abstract Current methods for near real-time estimation of effective reproduction numbers from surveillance data overlook mobility fluxes of infectors and susceptible individuals within a spatially connected network (the metapopulation). Exchanges of infections among different communities may thus be misrepresented unless explicitly measured and accounted for in the renewal equations. Here, we first derive the equations that include spatially explicit effective reproduction numbers, ℛ
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Basic Reproduction Number ; Incidence ; Bayes Theorem ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Likelihood Functions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2219816120
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Identification of Ecological Hotspots for the Seagrass Posidonia oceanica via Metapopulation Modeling

    Lorenzo Mari / Paco Melià / Marino Gatto / Renato Casagrandi

    Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol

    2021  Volume 8

    Abstract: The seagrass Posidonia oceanica is a benthic foundation species endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It is a key component of coastal seascapes across the Mediterranean large marine ecosystem, where it plays fundamental ecological, physical, and economic ... ...

    Abstract The seagrass Posidonia oceanica is a benthic foundation species endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It is a key component of coastal seascapes across the Mediterranean large marine ecosystem, where it plays fundamental ecological, physical, and economic roles. Despite the importance of this iconic seagrass species, a quantitative assessment of the interplay between local dynamics and basin-wide dispersal patterns is still lacking. Here we propose a Mediterranean-scale metapopulation model for P. oceanica, accounting for both demographic processes (inter-annual survival, vegetative growth, fruit production, seed establishment) and the spatial connectivity provided by current-driven dispersal of seagrass fruits. Model simulations are used to identify hotspots of seagrass population abundance, realized connectivity, and long-distance dispersal. Our results indicate that P. oceanica multi-functional hotspots, defined as species-suitable areas that rank high in all of the considered functional roles, are unevenly distributed in the four main sub-basins of the Mediterranean Sea, and along both the European and the African coastline. Our analysis also allows us to outline a remarkable geographical gap in protection: in fact, while many of the hotspots located along European coasts occur close to protected sites, the great majority of the hotspots lying on African coasts lack any form of protection. The identification of hotspots of P. oceanica metapopulation dynamics can thus help select regions that may serve as priority candidates for focusing conservation efforts.
    Keywords metapopulation dynamics ; seagrass ; realized connectivity ; ecological hotspots ; protection gaps ; prioritization strategies ; Science ; Q ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Epidemicity of cholera spread and the fate of infection control measures.

    Trevisin, Cristiano / Lemaitre, Joseph C / Mari, Lorenzo / Pasetto, Damiano / Gatto, Marino / Rinaldo, Andrea

    Journal of the Royal Society, Interface

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 188, Page(s) 20210844

    Abstract: The fate of ongoing infectious disease outbreaks is predicted through reproduction numbers, defining the long-term establishment of the infection, and epidemicity indices, tackling the reactivity of the infectious pool to new contagions. Prognostic ... ...

    Abstract The fate of ongoing infectious disease outbreaks is predicted through reproduction numbers, defining the long-term establishment of the infection, and epidemicity indices, tackling the reactivity of the infectious pool to new contagions. Prognostic metrics of unfolding outbreaks are of particular importance when designing adaptive emergency interventions facing real-time assimilation of epidemiological evidence. Our aim here is twofold. First, we propose a novel form of the epidemicity index for the characterization of cholera epidemics in spatial models of disease spread. Second, we examine in hindsight the survey of infections, treatments and containment measures carried out for the now extinct 2010-2019 Haiti cholera outbreak, to suggest that magnitude and timing of non-pharmaceutical and vaccination interventions imply epidemiological responses recapped by the evolution of epidemicity indices. Achieving negative epidemicity greatly accelerates fading of infections and thus proves a worthwhile target of containment measures. We also show that, in our model, effective reproduction numbers and epidemicity indices are explicitly related. Therefore, providing an upper bound to the effective reproduction number (significantly lower than the unit threshold) warrants negative epidemicity and, in turn, a rapidly fading outbreak preventing coalescence of sparse local sub-threshold flare-ups.
    MeSH term(s) Basic Reproduction Number ; Cholera/epidemiology ; Cholera/prevention & control ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Epidemics ; Haiti/epidemiology ; Humans ; Infection Control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2156283-0
    ISSN 1742-5662 ; 1742-5689
    ISSN (online) 1742-5662
    ISSN 1742-5689
    DOI 10.1098/rsif.2021.0844
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Effects of Rapid Maxillary Expander and Delaire Mask Treatment on Airway Sagittal Dimensions in Pediatric Patients Affected by Class III Malocclusion and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

    Caruso, Sara / Lisciotto, Emanuela / Caruso, Silvia / Marino, Alessandra / Fiasca, Fabiana / Buttarazzi, Marco / Sarzi Amadè, David / Evangelisti, Melania / Mattei, Antonella / Gatto, Roberto

    Life (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 3

    Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep-related breathing disorder that is very common in pediatric patients. In the literature, there are very few studies concerning the association between OSAS and class III malocclusion in children. The use ...

    Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep-related breathing disorder that is very common in pediatric patients. In the literature, there are very few studies concerning the association between OSAS and class III malocclusion in children. The use of a rapid maxillary expander (RME) in association with the Delaire mask is a common treatment protocol for class III malocclusion. The aim of this work was to evaluate the cephalometric variations of upper airway dimensions and OSA-related clinical conditions after orthodontic treatment with an RME and the Delaire mask, as recorded in pediatric patients with a class III malocclusion who were affected by OSAS. In this preliminary study, 14 pediatric patients with mixed dentition, aged between 6 and 10 years, were selected. All patients were treated with an RME and the Delaire mask. Pre- and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs were traced, analyzed, and compared. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the upper airway linear measurements and the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal dimensions (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662250-6
    ISSN 2075-1729
    ISSN 2075-1729
    DOI 10.3390/life13030673
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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