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  1. Article ; Online: Telemedicine in postoperative follow-up of STOMa PAtients: a randomized clinical trial (the STOMPA trial).

    Augestad, K M / Sneve, A M / Lindsetmo, R-O

    The British journal of surgery

    2020  Volume 107, Issue 5, Page(s) 509–518

    Abstract: Background: A stoma has severe impact on the patient's quality of life (QoL). Postoperative home community follow-up by teleconsultation (TC) and stoma nurses may reduce the burden of travel and improve QoL.: Methods: A university hospital and five ... ...

    Abstract Background: A stoma has severe impact on the patient's quality of life (QoL). Postoperative home community follow-up by teleconsultation (TC) and stoma nurses may reduce the burden of travel and improve QoL.
    Methods: A university hospital and five district medical centres participated. Patients with a stoma were randomized to follow-up by either TC (intervention) or hospital (control). Stoma nurses performed the clinical examination at the TC studio, aided remotely by hospital nurses and surgeons. The primary endpoint was the EQ-5D™ index score; secondary endpoints were the Stoma Quality-of-Life Scale, the OutPatient Experiences Questionnaire, and use of hospital resources.
    Results: A total of 110 patients were randomized to hospital (58 patients) or TC (52) follow-up; 64 patients (hospital 38, TC 26) were followed for more than 12 months and 246 consultations (hospital 151, TC 95) were performed. There were no differences in QoL: EQ-5D™ index score (P = 0·301) and EQ-5D™ visual analogue scale (VAS) score (P = 0·775); Work/Social Function (P = 0·822); Sexuality/Body Image (P = 0·253) and Stoma Function (P = 0·074). Hospital follow-up performed better for organization of care (staff collaboration, P = 0·004; met same persons, P = 0·003) and communication (surgeon understandable, P < 0·001; surgeon caring P = 0·003). TC did not increase the number of hospital consultations (P = 0·684) and reduced the number of journeys of more than 8 h (P = 0·007).
    Conclusion: Telemedicine follow-up by stoma nurses did not improve the QoL of patients, but decreased the readmission rate and burden of travel. Registration number NCT01600508 ( https://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Ambulatory Care/statistics & numerical data ; Colostomy/nursing ; Cost of Illness ; Facilities and Services Utilization ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Home Nursing ; Humans ; Ileostomy/nursing ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norway ; Patient Outcome Assessment ; Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data ; Postoperative Care/methods ; Quality of Life ; Remote Consultation ; Surgical Stomas ; Time Factors ; Travel
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2985-3
    ISSN 1365-2168 ; 0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
    ISSN (online) 1365-2168
    ISSN 0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
    DOI 10.1002/bjs.11491
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Benchmarking of abdominal surgery: a study evaluating the HARM score in a European national cohort.

    Helgeland, J / Skyrud, K / Lindahl, A K / Keller, D / Augestad, K M

    BJS open

    2020  Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) 637–644

    Abstract: Background: Reliable, easily accessible metrics of surgical quality are currently lacking. The HARM (HospitAl length of stay, Readmission and Mortality) score is a composite measure that has been validated across diverse surgical cohorts. The aim of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Reliable, easily accessible metrics of surgical quality are currently lacking. The HARM (HospitAl length of stay, Readmission and Mortality) score is a composite measure that has been validated across diverse surgical cohorts. The aim of this study was to validate the HARM score in a national population of patients undergoing abdominal surgery.
    Methods: Data on all abdominal surgery in Norwegian hospitals from 2011 to 2017 were obtained from the Norwegian Patient Registry. Readmissions and 30-day postoperative complications as well as deaths in and out of hospital were evaluated. The HARM scoring algorithm was tested after adjustment by establishing a newly proposed length of stay score. The correlation between the HARM score and complications, as well as the ability of aggregated HARM scores to discriminate between hospitals, were analysed. Risk adjustment models were developed for nationwide hospital comparisons.
    Results: The data consisted of 407 113 primary operations on 295 999 patients in 85 hospitals. The HARM score was associated with complications and complication severity (Goodman-Kruskal γ value 0·59). Surgical specialty was the dominating variable for risk adjustment. Based on 1-year data, the risk-adjusted score classified 16 hospitals as low HARM score and 16 as high HARM score of the 53 hospitals that had at least 30 operations.
    Conclusion: The HARM score correlates with major outcomes and is associated with the presence and severity of complications. After risk adjustment, the HARM score discriminated strongly between hospitals in a European population of abdominal surgery.
    MeSH term(s) Abdomen/surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Benchmarking ; Cohort Studies ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures/mortality ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norway/epidemiology ; Patient Outcome Assessment ; Patient Readmission ; Postoperative Complications ; Reproducibility of Results ; Risk Adjustment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Study
    ISSN 2474-9842
    ISSN (online) 2474-9842
    DOI 10.1002/bjs5.50284
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Identification of novel neutralizing determinants for protection against HCV.

    Alzua, Garazi P / Pihl, Anne F / Offersgaard, Anna / Velázquez-Moctezuma, Rodrigo / Duarte Hernandez, Carlos R / Augestad, Elias H / Fahnøe, Ulrik / Mathiesen, Christian K / Krarup, Henrik / Law, Mansun / Prentoe, Jannick / Bukh, Jens / Gottwein, Judith M

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

    2023  Volume 77, Issue 3, Page(s) 982–996

    Abstract: Background and aims: HCV evasion of neutralizing antibodies (nAb) results in viral persistence and poses challenges to the development of an urgently needed vaccine. N-linked glycosylation of viral envelope proteins is a key mechanism for such evasion. ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: HCV evasion of neutralizing antibodies (nAb) results in viral persistence and poses challenges to the development of an urgently needed vaccine. N-linked glycosylation of viral envelope proteins is a key mechanism for such evasion. To facilitate rational vaccine design, we aimed to identify determinants of protection of conserved neutralizing epitopes.
    Approach and results: Using a reverse evolutionary approach, we passaged genotype 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, and 4a HCV with envelope proteins (E1 and E2) derived from chronically infected patients without selective pressure by nAb in cell culture. Compared with the original viruses, HCV recombinants, engineered to harbor substitutions identified in polyclonal cell culture-passaged viruses, showed highly increased fitness and exposure of conserved neutralizing epitopes in antigenic regions 3 and 4, associated with protection from chronic infection. Further reverse genetic studies of acquired E1/E2 substitutions identified positions 418 and 532 in the N1 and N6 glycosylation motifs, localizing to adjacent E2 areas, as key regulators of changes of the E1/E2 conformational state, which governed viral sensitivity to nAb. These effects were independent of predicted glycan occupancy.
    Conclusions: We show how N-linked glycosylation motifs can trigger dramatic changes in HCV sensitivity to nAb, independent of glycan occupancy. These findings aid in the understanding of HCV nAb evasion and rational vaccine design, as they can be exploited to stabilize the structurally flexible envelope proteins in an open conformation, exposing important neutralizing epitopes. Finally, this work resulted in a panel of highly fit cell culture infectious HCV recombinants.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Epitopes ; Polysaccharides/metabolism ; Hepatitis C/prevention & control ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C Antibodies
    Chemical Substances Viral Envelope Proteins ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Epitopes ; Polysaccharides ; Hepatitis C Antibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 604603-4
    ISSN 1527-3350 ; 0270-9139
    ISSN (online) 1527-3350
    ISSN 0270-9139
    DOI 10.1002/hep.32772
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Using the Choice Sequence in Time Trade-Off as Discrete Choices: Do the Two Stories Match?

    Augestad, Liv Ariane / Rand, Kim / Luo, Nan / Barra, Mathias

    Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research

    2019  Volume 23, Issue 4, Page(s) 487–494

    Abstract: Objectives: The EQ-5D-5L valuation protocol recommends combining time trade-off (TTO) and discrete choice experiments (DCEs). DCEs that include a duration attribute (DCE: Methods: In a TTO design in which a fixed set of choices were administered ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The EQ-5D-5L valuation protocol recommends combining time trade-off (TTO) and discrete choice experiments (DCEs). DCEs that include a duration attribute (DCE
    Methods: In a TTO design in which a fixed set of choices were administered without termination at preference indifference, 202 individuals each valued 10 EQ-5D health states. From identified indifference points, we estimated three sets of TTO values: (i) plotting means and (ii) applying censored regressions at -1 and 1. Using all strict preferences, we (iii) estimated DCE
    Results: Estimated DCE
    Conclusions: TTO and the DCE
    MeSH term(s) Choice Behavior ; Health Status ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Patient Preference ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1471745-1
    ISSN 1524-4733 ; 1098-3015
    ISSN (online) 1524-4733
    ISSN 1098-3015
    DOI 10.1016/j.jval.2019.10.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A Norwegian 15D value algorithm: proposing a new procedure to estimate 15D value algorithms.

    Michel, Yvonne Anne / Augestad, Liv Ariane / Barra, Mathias / Rand, Kim

    Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation

    2018  Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 1129–1143

    Abstract: Purpose: So far there is no Norwegian value algorithm to inform healthcare decision making. The 15D health state values estimated with the original 15D valuation procedure tend to be higher than the values of other generic preference-based health- ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: So far there is no Norwegian value algorithm to inform healthcare decision making. The 15D health state values estimated with the original 15D valuation procedure tend to be higher than the values of other generic preference-based health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments. The main purpose of this study was to use a new 15D valuation procedure to estimate Norwegian 15D health state values and to explore their empirical performance.
    Methods: The visual analogue scale was used to collect 15D valuation data in a representative sample of the Norwegian general population. The new procedure used fewer valuation tasks and anchored the 15D health state values in an empirically assessed range. The Norwegian 15D health state values were compared to the values of five HRQoL instruments which were provided by Norwegian residents belonging to seven disease groups and a healthy population.
    Results: The Norwegian 15D health state values ranged from 1 to - 0.52. Compared to 15D health state values estimated with the original procedure, the Norwegian 15D health state values were lower and more in line with values of other HRQoL instruments.
    Conclusions: The new 15D valuation procedure is simpler, links the 15D health state values better to the requirements of the QALY model, and provides an empirically-based range. We recommend using the new valuation procedure in future 15D valuation studies, and the Norwegian health state values for use in 15D-based health economic analyses in Norway.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Algorithms ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norway ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-30
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1161148-0
    ISSN 1573-2649 ; 0962-9343
    ISSN (online) 1573-2649
    ISSN 0962-9343
    DOI 10.1007/s11136-018-2043-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Leger på ferie.

    Augestad, K M

    Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

    1998  Volume 118, Issue 27, Page(s) 4270

    Title translation Physician on vacation.
    MeSH term(s) Aerospace Medicine ; Decision Making ; Ethics, Medical ; Humans ; Physician's Role ; Travel
    Language Norwegian
    Publishing date 1998-11-10
    Publishing country Norway
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 603504-8
    ISSN 0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
    ISSN (online) 0807-7096
    ISSN 0029-2001
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  7. Article ; Online: Educational implications for surgical telementoring: a current review with recommendations for future practice, policy, and research.

    Augestad, K M / Han, H / Paige, J / Ponsky, T / Schlachta, C M / Dunkin, B / Mellinger, J

    Surgical endoscopy

    2017  Volume 31, Issue 10, Page(s) 3836–3846

    Abstract: Background: Surgical telementoring (ST) was introduced in the sixties, promoting videoconferencing to enhance surgical education across large distances. Widespread use of ST in the surgical community is lacking. Despite numerous surveys assessing ST, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Surgical telementoring (ST) was introduced in the sixties, promoting videoconferencing to enhance surgical education across large distances. Widespread use of ST in the surgical community is lacking. Despite numerous surveys assessing ST, there remains a lack of high-level scientific evidence demonstrating its impact on mentorship and surgical education. Despite this, there is an ongoing paradigm shift involving remote presence technologies and their application to skill development and technique dissemination in the international surgical community. Factors facilitating this include improved access to ST technology, including ease of use and data transmission, and affordability. Several international research initiatives have commenced to strengthen the scientific foundation documenting the impact of ST in surgical education and performance.
    Methods: International experts on ST were invited to the SAGES Project Six Summit in August 2015. Two experts in surgical education prepared relevant questions for discussion and organized the meeting (JP and HH). The questions were open-ended, and the discussion continued until no new item appeared. The transcripts of interviews were recorded by a secretary from SAGES.
    Results: In this paper, we present a summary of the work performed by the SAGES Project 6 Education Working Group. We summarize the existing evidence regarding education in ST, identify and detail conceptual educational frameworks that may be used during ST, and present a structured framework for an educational curriculum in ST.
    Conclusions: The educational impact and optimal curricular organization of ST programs are largely unexplored. We outline the critical components of a structured ST curriculum, including prerequisites, teaching modalities, and key curricular components. We also detail research strategies critical to its continued evolution as an educational tool, including randomized controlled trials, establishment of a quality registry, qualitative research, learning analytics, and development of a standardized taxonomy.
    MeSH term(s) Clinical Competence ; Curriculum ; Education, Medical/methods ; General Surgery/education ; Humans ; Mentors ; Telemedicine/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639039-0
    ISSN 1432-2218 ; 0930-2794
    ISSN (online) 1432-2218
    ISSN 0930-2794
    DOI 10.1007/s00464-017-5690-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Examining the relationship between health-related quality of life and increasing numbers of diagnoses.

    Barra, Mathias / Augestad, Liv Ariane / Whitehurst, David G T / Rand-Hendriksen, Kim

    Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation

    2015  Volume 24, Issue 12, Page(s) 2823–2832

    Abstract: Purpose: Little is known about estimating utilities for comorbid (or 'joint') health states. Several joint health state prediction models have been suggested (for example, additive, multiplicative, best-of-pair, worst-of-pair, etc.), but no general ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Little is known about estimating utilities for comorbid (or 'joint') health states. Several joint health state prediction models have been suggested (for example, additive, multiplicative, best-of-pair, worst-of-pair, etc.), but no general consensus has been reached. The purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and increasing numbers of diagnoses.
    Methods: We analyzed a large dataset containing respondents' ICD-9 diagnoses and preference-based HRQoL (EQ-5D and SF-6D). Data were stratified by the number of diagnoses, and mean HRQoL values were estimated. Several adjustments, accounting for the respondents' age, sex, and the severity of the diagnoses, were carried out. Our analysis fitted additive and multiplicative models to the data and assessed model fit using multiple standard model selection methods.
    Results: A total of 39,817 respondents were included in the analyses. Average HRQoL values were represented well by both linear and multiplicative models. Although results across all analyses were similar, adjusting for severity of diagnoses, age, and sex strengthened the linear model's performance measures relative to the multiplicative model. Adjusted R (2) values were above 0.99 for all analyses (i.e., all adjusted analyses, for both HRQoL instruments), indicating a robust result.
    Conclusions: Additive and multiplicative models perform equally well within our analyses. A practical implication of our findings, based on the presumption that a linear model is simpler than an additive model, is that an additive model should be preferred unless there is compelling evidence to the contrary.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; International Classification of Diseases ; Linear Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1161148-0
    ISSN 1573-2649 ; 0962-9343
    ISSN (online) 1573-2649
    ISSN 0962-9343
    DOI 10.1007/s11136-015-1026-3
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  9. Article ; Online: Analysis of free text in electronic health records for identification of cancer patient trajectories.

    Jensen, Kasper / Soguero-Ruiz, Cristina / Oyvind Mikalsen, Karl / Lindsetmo, Rolv-Ole / Kouskoumvekaki, Irene / Girolami, Mark / Olav Skrovseth, Stein / Augestad, Knut Magne

    Scientific reports

    2017  Volume 7, Page(s) 46226

    Abstract: With an aging patient population and increasing complexity in patient disease trajectories, physicians are often met with complex patient histories from which clinical decisions must be made. Due to the increasing rate of adverse events and hospitals ... ...

    Abstract With an aging patient population and increasing complexity in patient disease trajectories, physicians are often met with complex patient histories from which clinical decisions must be made. Due to the increasing rate of adverse events and hospitals facing financial penalties for readmission, there has never been a greater need to enforce evidence-led medical decision-making using available health care data. In the present work, we studied a cohort of 7,741 patients, of whom 4,080 were diagnosed with cancer, surgically treated at a University Hospital in the years 2004-2012. We have developed a methodology that allows disease trajectories of the cancer patients to be estimated from free text in electronic health records (EHRs). By using these disease trajectories, we predict 80% of patient events ahead in time. By control of confounders from 8326 quantified events, we identified 557 events that constitute high subsequent risks (risk > 20%), including six events for cancer and seven events for metastasis. We believe that the presented methodology and findings could be used to improve clinical decision support and personalize trajectories, thereby decreasing adverse events and optimizing cancer treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Decision Support Systems, Clinical ; Disease Progression ; Electronic Health Records ; Health Status ; Humans ; Morbidity ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Norway
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-04-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/srep46226
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  10. Article ; Online: Metastatic spread pattern after curative colorectal cancer surgery. A retrospective, longitudinal analysis.

    Augestad, K M / Bakaki, P M / Rose, J / Crawshaw, B P / Lindsetmo, R O / Dørum, L M / Koroukian, S M / Delaney, C P

    Cancer epidemiology

    2015  Volume 39, Issue 5, Page(s) 734–744

    Abstract: Objective: The most common sites of colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence are the local tissues, liver or lungs. The objective was to identify risk factors associated with the primary CRC tumor and cancer recurrence in these anatomical sites.: Methods: ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The most common sites of colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence are the local tissues, liver or lungs. The objective was to identify risk factors associated with the primary CRC tumor and cancer recurrence in these anatomical sites.
    Methods: Retrospective, longitudinal analyses of data on CRC survivors. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to examine the association between possible cofounders with recurrence to various anatomical sites.
    Results: Data for 10,398CRC survivors (tumor location right colon=3870, left colon=2898, high rectum=2569, low rectum=1061) were analyzed; follow up time was up to five years. Mean age at curative surgery was 71.5 (SD 11.8) years, 20.2% received radio-chemotherapy, stage T3 (64.4%) and N0 (65.1%) were most common. Overall 1632 (15.7%) had cancer recurrence (Isolated liver n=412, 3,8%;  isolated lung n=252, 2,4%; isolated local n=223, 2.1%). Risk factors associated with recurrent CRC were identified, i.e. isolated liver metastases (male: Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) 1,45; colon left: AHR 1,63; N2 disease: AHR 3,35; T2 disease: AHR 2,82), isolated lung metastases (colon left: AHR 1,53; rectum high: AHR 2,48; rectum low: AHR 2,65; N2 disease 3,76), and local recurrence (glands examined<12: AHR 1,51; CRM <3mm: AHR 1,60; rectum high: AHR 2,15; N2 disease: AHR 2,58) (all p values <0001).
    Conclusion: Our study finds that the site of the primary CRC tumor is associated with location of subsequent metastasis. Left sided colon cancers have increased risk of metastatic spread to the liver, whereas rectal cancers have increased risk of local recurrence and metastatic spread to the lungs. These results, in combination with other risk factors for CRC recurrence, should be taken into consideration when designing risk adapted post-treatment CRC surveillance programs.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/secondary ; Longitudinal Studies ; Lung Neoplasms/secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2508729-0
    ISSN 1877-783X ; 1877-7821
    ISSN (online) 1877-783X
    ISSN 1877-7821
    DOI 10.1016/j.canep.2015.07.009
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