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  1. Article: Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Depression in Parkinson's Disease-A Narrative Review.

    Chmiel, James / Rybakowski, Filip / Leszek, Jerzy

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 3

    Abstract: Introduction: Depression is the most prevalent comorbid neuropsychiatric condition in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), and its underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Current treatment methods are characterised by moderate ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Depression is the most prevalent comorbid neuropsychiatric condition in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), and its underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Current treatment methods are characterised by moderate effectiveness and possible side effects, prompting the search for new non-invasive and safe treatment methods.
    Methods: This narrative review explores the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in the treatment of depression in PD, based on neuropsychological measures. Searches were conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Research Gate, and Cochrane databases.
    Results: Nine relevant studies were identified, where depression scores served as either primary or secondary outcomes. Stimulation protocols displayed heterogeneity, especially concerning choice of stimulation site. Patient samples were also heterogeneous. The majority of the studies incorporated anodal stimulation targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The results revealed a reduction in depression scores among PD patients following tDCS. Potential mechanisms through which tDCS may alleviate depression in PD were discussed and recommendations for future research were made.
    Conclusions: Preliminary evidence suggests that tDCS applied anodally to the left DLPFC reduces depression scores in people with PD; however, due to the heterogeneity of the studies analysed, the use of tDCS in this field should be approached with caution and warrants further validation and confirmation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm13030699
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: EEG in Down Syndrome-A Review and Insights into Potential Neural Mechanisms.

    Chmiel, James / Rybakowski, Filip / Leszek, Jerzy

    Brain sciences

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 2

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Introduction
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2651993-8
    ISSN 2076-3425
    ISSN 2076-3425
    DOI 10.3390/brainsci14020136
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: The Effectiveness of Mindfulness in the Treatment of Methamphetamine Addiction Symptoms: Does Neuroplasticity Play a Role?

    Chmiel, James / Malinowska, Agnieszka / Rybakowski, Filip / Leszek, Jerzy

    Brain sciences

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 4

    Abstract: Introduction: Methamphetamine is a highly stimulating psychoactive drug that causes life-threatening addictions and affects millions of people around the world. Its effects on the brain are complex and include disturbances in the neurotransmitter ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Methamphetamine is a highly stimulating psychoactive drug that causes life-threatening addictions and affects millions of people around the world. Its effects on the brain are complex and include disturbances in the neurotransmitter systems and neurotoxicity. There are several known treatment methods, but their effectiveness is moderate. It must be emphasised that no drugs have been approved for treatment. For this reason, there is an urgent need to develop new, effective, and safe treatments for methamphetamine. One of the potential treatments is mindfulness meditation. In recent years, this technique has been researched extensively in the context of many neurological and psychiatric disorders.
    Methods: This review explores the use of mindfulness in the treatment of methamphetamine addiction. Searches were conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Research Gate, and Cochrane databases.
    Results: Ten studies were identified that used mindfulness-based interventions in the treatment of methamphetamine addiction. The results show that mindfulness is an effective form of reducing hunger, risk of relapses, stress indicators, depression, and aggression, alone or in combination with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Mindfulness also improved the cognitive function in addicts. The included studies used only behavioural measures. The potential mechanisms of mindfulness in addiction were explained, and it was proposed that it can induce neuroplasticity, alleviating the symptoms of addiction.
    Conclusions: Evidence from the studies suggest that mindfulness may be an effective treatment option for methamphetamine addiction, used alone or in combination with tDCS. However, further high-quality research is required to establish the role of this treatment option in this field. The use of neuroimaging and neurophysiological measures is fundamental to understand the mechanisms of mindfulness.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2651993-8
    ISSN 2076-3425
    ISSN 2076-3425
    DOI 10.3390/brainsci14040320
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  4. Article ; Online: Drug development for cystic fibrosis.

    Sanders, Don B / Chmiel, James F

    Pediatric pulmonology

    2020  Volume 56 Suppl 1, Page(s) S10–S22

    Abstract: The first regulatory approval for a drug developed specifically for cystic fibrosis (CF) occurred in 1993, and since then, several other drugs have been approved. Median predicted survival in people with CF in the United States has increased from ... ...

    Abstract The first regulatory approval for a drug developed specifically for cystic fibrosis (CF) occurred in 1993, and since then, several other drugs have been approved. Median predicted survival in people with CF in the United States has increased from approximately 30 years to 44.4 years over that same period. Highly effective modulators of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator became available to approximately 90% of people with CF ages 12 years and older in the United States in 2019 and in Europe in 2020. These transformative therapies will surely reduce morbidity and further extend longevity. The drug development pipeline is filled with therapies that address most aspects of CF disease. As survival and CF therapies advance, and the complexity of CF care increases, the process of drug development has become more sophisticated. In addition, detecting meaningful changes in outcome measures has become more difficult as the health status of people with CF improves. Innovative approaches are required to continue to advance drug development in CF. This review provides a general overview of drug development from the preclinical phase through Phase IV. Special considerations with respect to CF are integrated into the discussion of each phase of drug development. As CF care evolves, drug development must continue to evolve as well, until a one-time cure is available to all people with CF.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/drug effects ; Drug Development ; Europe ; Humans ; United States
    Chemical Substances CFTR protein, human ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (126880-72-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632784-9
    ISSN 1099-0496 ; 8755-6863
    ISSN (online) 1099-0496
    ISSN 8755-6863
    DOI 10.1002/ppul.25075
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  5. Article ; Online: Immunoreactive Trypsinogen in Infants Born to Women with Cystic Fibrosis Taking Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor.

    Patel, Payal / Yeley, Jana / Brown, Cynthia / Wesson, Melissa / Lesko, Barbara G / Slaven, James E / Chmiel, James F / Jain, Raksha / Sanders, Don B

    International journal of neonatal screening

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 1

    Abstract: Most people with cystic fibrosis (CF) are diagnosed following abnormal newborn screening (NBS), which begins with measurement of immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) values. A case report found low concentrations of IRT in an infant with CF exposed to the CF ...

    Abstract Most people with cystic fibrosis (CF) are diagnosed following abnormal newborn screening (NBS), which begins with measurement of immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) values. A case report found low concentrations of IRT in an infant with CF exposed to the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator, elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI), in utero. However, IRT values in infants born to mothers taking ETI have not been systematically assessed. We hypothesized that ETI-exposed infants have lower IRT values than newborns with CF, CFTR-related metabolic syndrome/CF screen positive, inconclusive diagnosis (CRMS/CFSPID), or CF carriers. IRT values were collected from infants born in Indiana between 1 January 2020, and 2 June 2022, with ≥1 CFTR mutation. IRT values were compared to infants born to mothers with CF taking ETI followed at our institution. Compared to infants identified with CF (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2409-515X
    ISSN (online) 2409-515X
    DOI 10.3390/ijns9010010
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  6. Article ; Online: Defining and Promoting Pediatric Pulmonary Health: A NHLBI Workshop Executive Summary.

    Chmiel, James F / Natarajan, Aruna / Banerjee, Koyeli / Fessel, Josh / Lachowicz-Scroggins, Marrah / Laposky, Aaron / Davis, Stephanie D

    Pediatrics

    2023  Volume 152, Issue Suppl 2

    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; United States ; Pediatrics ; Lung
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 207677-9
    ISSN 1098-4275 ; 0031-4005
    ISSN (online) 1098-4275
    ISSN 0031-4005
    DOI 10.1542/peds.2023-062292B
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  7. Article ; Online: Early-Life Height Attainment in Cystic Fibrosis Is Associated with Pulmonary Function at Age 6 Years.

    Sanders, Don B / Slaven, James E / Maguiness, Karen / Chmiel, James F / Ren, Clement L

    Annals of the American Thoracic Society

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 8, Page(s) 1335–1342

    Abstract: Rationale: ...

    Abstract Rationale:
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Lung ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2717461-X
    ISSN 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665 ; 2325-6621
    ISSN (online) 2325-6621 ; 1943-5665
    ISSN 2325-6621
    DOI 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202008-933OC
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    Zs.A 5828: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Impaired innate immune cells in cystic fibrosis: Is it really a surprise?

    Bonfield, Tracey / Chmiel, James F

    Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society

    2017  Volume 16, Issue 4, Page(s) 433–435

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cystic Fibrosis ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; Macrophages ; Swine ; Disease Models, Animal ; Animals, Newborn
    Chemical Substances Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (126880-72-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2084724-5
    ISSN 1873-5010 ; 1569-1993
    ISSN (online) 1873-5010
    ISSN 1569-1993
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcf.2017.06.001
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    Zs.MO 459: Show issues

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  9. Article ; Online: Nasal airway inflammatory responses and pathogen detection in infants with cystic fibrosis.

    Kopp, Benjamin T / Ross, Sydney E / Bojja, Dinesh / Guglani, Lokesh / Chandler, Joshua D / Tirouvanziam, Rabindra / Thompson, Misty / Slaven, James E / Chmiel, James F / Siracusa, Christopher / Sanders, Don B

    Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: Detecting airway inflammation non-invasively in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) is difficult. We hypothesized that markers of inflammation in CF [IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, neutrophil elastase (NE) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)] ...

    Abstract Background: Detecting airway inflammation non-invasively in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) is difficult. We hypothesized that markers of inflammation in CF [IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, neutrophil elastase (NE) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)] could be measured in infants with CF from nasal fluid and would be elevated during viral infections or clinician-defined pulmonary exacerbations (PEx).
    Methods: We collected nasal fluid, nasal swabs, and hair samples from 34 infants with CF during monthly clinic visits, sick visits, and hospitalizations. Nasal fluid was isolated and analyzed for cytokines. Respiratory viral detection on nasal swabs was performed using the Luminex NxTAG® Respiratory Pathogen Panel. Hair samples were analyzed for nicotine concentration by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. We compared nasal cytokine concentrations between the presence and absence of detected respiratory viruses, PEx, and smoke exposure.
    Results: A total of 246 samples were analyzed. Compared to measurements in the absence of respiratory viruses, mean concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and NE were significantly increased while IL-17A was significantly decreased in infants positive for respiratory viruses. IL-17A was significantly decreased and NE increased in those with a PEx. IL-8 and NE were significantly increased in infants with enteric pathogen positivity on airway cultures, but not P. aeruginosa or S. aureus. Compared to those with no smoke exposure, there were significantly higher levels of IL-6, IL-10, and NE in infants with detectable levels of nicotine.
    Conclusions: Noninvasive collection of nasal fluid may identify inflammation in infants with CF during changing clinical or environmental exposures.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2084724-5
    ISSN 1873-5010 ; 1569-1993
    ISSN (online) 1873-5010
    ISSN 1569-1993
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.10.020
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  10. Article ; Online: Inflammation in cystic fibrosis: An update.

    Roesch, Erica A / Nichols, David P / Chmiel, James F

    Pediatric pulmonology

    2018  Volume 53, Issue S3, Page(s) S30–S50

    Abstract: Inflammation plays a critical role in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung pathology and disease progression making it an active area of research and important therapeutic target. In this review, we explore the most recent research on the major contributors to the ... ...

    Abstract Inflammation plays a critical role in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung pathology and disease progression making it an active area of research and important therapeutic target. In this review, we explore the most recent research on the major contributors to the exuberant inflammatory response seen in CF as well as potential therapeutics to combat this response. Absence of functional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) alters anion transport across CF airway epithelial cells and ultimately results in dehydration of the airway surface liquid. The dehydrated airway surface liquid in combination with abnormal mucin secretion contributes to airway obstruction and subsequent infection that may serve as a trigger point for inflammation. There is also evidence to suggest that airway inflammation may be excessive and sustained relative to the infectious stimuli. Studies have shown dysregulation of both pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-17 and pro-resolution mediators including metabolites of the eicosanoid pathway. Recently, CFTR potentiators and correctors have garnered much attention in the CF community. Although these modulators address the underlying defect in CF, their impact on downstream consequences such as inflammation are not known. Here, we review pre-clinical and clinical data on the impact of CFTR modulators on inflammation. In addition, we examine other cell types including neutrophils, macrophages, and T-lymphocytes that express CFTR and contribute to the CF inflammatory response. Finally, we address challenges in developing anti-inflammatory therapies and highlight some of the most promising anti-inflammatory drugs under development for CF.
    MeSH term(s) Cystic Fibrosis/metabolism ; Cystic Fibrosis/physiopathology ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Inflammation/physiopathology ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Neutrophils/metabolism ; Respiratory System/metabolism ; Respiratory System/physiopathology
    Chemical Substances CFTR protein, human ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (126880-72-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632784-9
    ISSN 1099-0496 ; 8755-6863
    ISSN (online) 1099-0496
    ISSN 8755-6863
    DOI 10.1002/ppul.24129
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