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Article: Implications for brainstem recovery from studies in primates after sensory loss from arm.

Reed, Jamie L / Qi, Hui-Xin / Kaas, Jon H

2023 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) 479–480

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-27
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2388460-5
ISSN	1876-7958 ; 1673-5374
ISSN (online)	1876-7958
ISSN	1673-5374
DOI	10.4103/1673-5374.380890
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Article ; Online: Regressive changes in sizes of somatosensory cuneate nucleus after sensory loss in primates.

Qi, Hui-Xin / Reed, Jamie L / Liao, Chia-Chi / Kaas, Jon H

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2023 Volume 120, Issue 11, Page(s) e2222076120

Abstract: Neurons in the early stages of processing sensory information suffer transneuronal atrophy when deprived of their activating inputs. For over 40 y, members of our laboratory have studied the reorganization of the somatosensory cortex during and after ... ...

Abstract	Neurons in the early stages of processing sensory information suffer transneuronal atrophy when deprived of their activating inputs. For over 40 y, members of our laboratory have studied the reorganization of the somatosensory cortex during and after recovering from different types of sensory loss. Here, we took advantage of the preserved histological material from these studies of the cortical effects of sensory loss to evaluate the histological consequences in the cuneate nucleus of the lower brainstem and the adjoining spinal cord. The neurons in the cuneate nucleus are activated by touch on the hand and arm, and relay this activation to the contralateral thalamus, and from the thalamus to the primary somatosensory cortex. Neurons deprived of activating inputs tend to shrink and sometimes die. We considered the effects of differences in species, type and extent of sensory loss, recovery time after injury, and age at the time of injury on the histology of the cuneate nucleus. The results indicate that all injuries that deprived part or all of the cuneate nucleus of sensory activation result in some atrophy of neurons as reflected by a decrease in nucleus size. The extent of the atrophy is greater with greater sensory loss and with longer recovery times. Based on supporting research, atrophy appears to involve a reduction in neuron size and neuropil, with little or no neuron loss. Thus, the potential exists for restoring the hand to cortex pathway with brain-machine interfaces, for bionic prosthetics, or biologically with hand replacement surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain Stem ; Primates ; Hand ; Upper Extremity ; Atrophy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2222076120
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Article ; Online: Detection and characterization of resting state functional networks in squirrel monkey brain.

Sengupta, Anirban / Wang, Feng / Mishra, Arabinda / Reed, Jamie L / Chen, Li Min / Gore, John C

Cerebral cortex communications

2023 Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) tgad018

Abstract: Resting-state fMRI based on analyzing BOLD signals is widely used to derive functional networks in the brain and how they alter during disease or injury conditions. Resting-state networks can also be used to study brain functional connectomes across ... ...

Abstract	Resting-state fMRI based on analyzing BOLD signals is widely used to derive functional networks in the brain and how they alter during disease or injury conditions. Resting-state networks can also be used to study brain functional connectomes across species, which provides insights into brain evolution. The squirrel monkey (SM) is a non-human primate (NHP) that is widely used as a preclinical model for experimental manipulations to understand the organization and functioning of the brain. We derived resting-state networks from the whole brain of anesthetized SMs using Independent Component Analysis of BOLD acquisitions. We detected 15 anatomically constrained resting-state networks localized in the cortical and subcortical regions as well as in the white-matter. Networks encompassing visual, somatosensory, executive control, sensorimotor, salience and default mode regions, and subcortical networks including the Hippocampus-Amygdala, thalamus, basal-ganglia and brainstem region correspond well with previously detected networks in humans and NHPs. The connectivity pattern between the networks also agrees well with previously reported seed-based resting-state connectivity of SM brain. This study demonstrates that SMs share remarkable homologous network organization with humans and other NHPs, thereby providing strong support for their suitability as a translational animal model for research and additional insight into brain evolution across species.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2632-7376
ISSN (online)	2632-7376
DOI	10.1093/texcom/tgad018
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Article ; Online: Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Neuroinflammation Relate to Behavioral Recovery in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury.

Mu, Chaoqi / Reed, Jamie L / Wang, Feng / Tantawy, M Noor / Gore, John C / Chen, Li Min

Molecular imaging and biology

2023 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 240–252

Abstract: Purpose: The degree and dynamic progression of neuroinflammation after traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCI) are crucial determinants of the severity of injury and potential for recovery. We used Positron Emission Tomography (PET) to monitor ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The degree and dynamic progression of neuroinflammation after traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCI) are crucial determinants of the severity of injury and potential for recovery. We used Positron Emission Tomography (PET) to monitor neuroinflammation longitudinally, correlating it with Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and behavior in contusion-injured rats. These studies help validate CEST metrics and confirm how imaging may be used to evaluate the efficacy of therapies and understand their mechanisms of action. Procedures: 12 SCI and 4 sham surgery rats were subjected to CEST MRI and PET-Translocator Protein (TSPO) scans for 8 weeks following injury. Z-spectra from the SCI were analyzed using a 5-Lorentzian pool model for fitting. Weekly motor and somatosensory behavior were correlated with imaging metrics, which were validated through post-mortem histological and immuo-staining using ionized calcium-binding adaptor protein-1 (iba-1, microglia) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, astrocytes). Results: PET-TSPO showed widespread inflammation and post-mortem histology confirmed the presence of activated microglia. Changes in CEST and nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE) peaks at 3.5 ppm and -1.6 ppm respectively were largest within the first week after injury and more pronounced in rostral versus caudal segments. These temporal indices of neuroinflammation corresponded to the recovery of locomotor behaviors and somatic sensation in rats with moderate contusion injury. The results confirm that CEST MRI metrics are sensitive indices of states of neuroinflammation within injured spinal cords. Conclusions: The detection of dynamic spatiotemporal features of neuroinflammation progression underscores the importance of considering their timings and locations for neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory therapies. The availability of noninvasive MRI indices of neuroinflammation may facilitate clinical trials aimed at treatments that promote recovery after SCI.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Animals ; Neuroinflammatory Diseases ; Spinal Cord Injuries/metabolism ; Spinal Cord Injuries/pathology ; Spinal Cord/pathology ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Contusions
Chemical Substances	Carrier Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2079160-4
ISSN	1860-2002 ; 1536-1632
ISSN (online)	1860-2002
ISSN	1536-1632
DOI	10.1007/s11307-023-01875-w
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Article ; Online: Correction to: Prioritization and Refinement of Patient-Informed Value Elements as Attributes for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Treatment Preferences.

Slejko, Julia F / Hong, Yoon Duk / Sullivan, Jamie L / Reed, Robert M / dosReis, Susan

The patient

2021 Volume 14, Issue 5, Page(s) 691

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-22
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2466680-4
ISSN	1178-1661 ; 1178-1653
ISSN (online)	1178-1661
ISSN	1178-1653
DOI	10.1007/s40271-021-00499-y
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Article ; Online: Model-based parcellation of diffusion MRI of injured spinal cord predicts hand use impairment and recovery in squirrel monkeys.

Manzanera Esteve, Isaac V / Wang, Feng / Reed, Jamie L / Qi, Hui Xin / Thayer, Wesley / Gore, John C / Chen, Li Min

Behavioural brain research

2023 Volume 459, Page(s) 114808

Abstract: A mathematical model-based parcellation of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor images (DTI) has been developed to quantify progressive changes in three types of tissues - grey (GM), white matter (WM), and damaged spinal cord tissue, along with behavioral ...

Abstract	A mathematical model-based parcellation of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor images (DTI) has been developed to quantify progressive changes in three types of tissues - grey (GM), white matter (WM), and damaged spinal cord tissue, along with behavioral assessments over a 6 month period following targeted spinal cord injuries (SCI) in monkeys. Sigmoid Gompertz function based fittings of DTI metrics provide early indicators that correlate with, and predict, recovery of hand grasping behavior. Our three tissue pool model provided unbiased, data-driven segmentation of spinal cord images and identified DTI metrics that can serve as reliable biomarkers of severity of spinal cord injuries and predictors of behavioral outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Saimiri ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods ; Spinal Cord/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Cord/pathology ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Spinal Cord Injuries/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Cord Injuries/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	449927-x
ISSN	1872-7549 ; 0166-4328
ISSN (online)	1872-7549
ISSN	0166-4328
DOI	10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114808
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Zs.A 1599: Show issues

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Article: Validation of the Nine-Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen Among Transgender and Nonbinary Youth and Young Adults.

Zickgraf, Hana F / Garwood, Sarah K / Lewis, Christopher B / Giedinghagen, Andrea M / Reed, Jamie L / Linsenmeyer, Whitney R

Transgender health

2023 Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 159–167

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of the study was to provide initial evidence for the internal consistency and convergent validity of the nine-item avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder screen (NIAS) in a sample of transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) youth and ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The purpose of the study was to provide initial evidence for the internal consistency and convergent validity of the nine-item avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder screen (NIAS) in a sample of transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) youth and young adults. Methods: Returning patients at a Midwestern gender clinic ( Results: The three-factor structure of the NIAS was an excellent fit to the current data. Approximately one in five (22%) of the participants screened positive for ARFID. Approximately one in four participants scored above the picky eating (27.4%) or appetite (23.9%) cutoffs. Assigned female at birth participants scored significantly higher on the NIAS-Total, Appetite, and Fear subscales than those assigned male at birth. NIAS-Total was significantly related to all convergent validity variables other than age, with a moderate-strong correlation with other symptom screeners (SCOFF, PHQ-9, GAD-7), and a small negative correlation with body mass index percentile. Conclusions: Evidence supports the NIAS as a valid measure to screen for ARFID among TGNB youth and young adults.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2688-4887
ISSN	2688-4887
DOI	10.1089/trgh.2021.0021
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Article ; Online: Longitudinal multiparametric MRI of traumatic spinal cord injury in animal models.

Chen, Li Min / Wang, Feng / Mishra, Arabinda / Yang, Pai-Feng / Sengupta, Anirban / Reed, Jamie L / Gore, John C

Magnetic resonance imaging

2023 Volume 102, Page(s) 184–200

Abstract: Multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) technology enables non-invasive and quantitative assessments of the structural, molecular, and functional characteristics of various neurological diseases. Despite the recognized importance of studying spinal cord pathology, ... ...

Abstract	Multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) technology enables non-invasive and quantitative assessments of the structural, molecular, and functional characteristics of various neurological diseases. Despite the recognized importance of studying spinal cord pathology, mpMRI applications in spinal cord research have been somewhat limited, partly due to technical challenges associated with spine imaging. However, advances in imaging techniques and improved image quality now allow longitudinal investigations of a comprehensive range of spinal cord pathological features by exploiting different endogenous MRI contrasts. This review summarizes the use of mpMRI techniques including blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT), and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI in monitoring different aspects of spinal cord pathology. These aspects include cyst formation and axonal disruption, demyelination and remyelination, changes in the excitability of spinal grey matter and the integrity of intrinsic functional circuits, and non-specific molecular changes associated with secondary injury and neuroinflammation. These approaches are illustrated with reference to a nonhuman primate (NHP) model of traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries (SCI). We highlight the benefits of using NHP SCI models to guide future studies of human spinal cord pathology, and demonstrate how mpMRI can capture distinctive features of spinal cord pathology that were previously inaccessible. Furthermore, the development of mechanism-based MRI biomarkers from mpMRI studies can provide clinically useful imaging indices for understanding the mechanisms by which injured spinal cords progress and repair. These biomarkers can assist in the diagnosis, prognosis, and evaluation of therapies for SCI patients, potentially leading to improved outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods ; Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Spinal Cord Injuries/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Cord Injuries/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Spinal Cord/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Cord/pathology ; Models, Animal
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-19
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604885-7
ISSN	1873-5894 ; 0730-725X
ISSN (online)	1873-5894
ISSN	0730-725X
DOI	10.1016/j.mri.2023.06.007
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Article ; Online: Detection of laser-associated heating in the brain during simultaneous fMRI and optogenetic stimulation.

Luo, Huiwen / Yang, Zhangyan / Yang, Pai-Feng / Wang, Feng / Reed, Jamie L / Gore, John C / Grissom, William A / Chen, Li Min

Magnetic resonance in medicine

2022 Volume 89, Issue 2, Page(s) 729–737

Abstract: Purpose: To calculate temperatures from T: Methods: fMRI is mainly based on long-TE gradient-recalled echo acquisitions that are also suitable for measuring small temperature changes via the PRF shift. A motion- and respiration-robust processing ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To calculate temperatures from T Methods: fMRI is mainly based on long-TE gradient-recalled echo acquisitions that are also suitable for measuring small temperature changes via the PRF shift. A motion- and respiration-robust processing pipeline was developed to calculate temperature changes based on the PRF shift directly from the T Results: The temperature SD was 0.05°C with the proposed imaging protocol and processing. Statistical analysis showed that the optogenetic stimulation protocol with a 3 s stimulation duration did not result in significant temperature rises. Significant temperature rises up to 0.13°C (p < 0. 05) were observed with 6 and 9 s stimulation durations for blue and green light. Conclusion: The proposed processing pipeline can be useful for the design of optogenetic stimulation protocols and for monitoring confounding heating effects.
MeSH term(s)	Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Optogenetics ; Heating ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Protons ; Lasers ; Phantoms, Imaging
Chemical Substances	Protons
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	605774-3
ISSN	1522-2594 ; 0740-3194
ISSN (online)	1522-2594
ISSN	0740-3194
DOI	10.1002/mrm.29464
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Zs.A 1959: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Prioritization and Refinement of Patient-Informed Value Elements as Attributes for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Treatment Preferences.

Slejko, Julia F / Hong, Yoon Duk / Sullivan, Jamie L / Reed, Robert M / dosReis, Susan

The patient

2021 Volume 14, Issue 5, Page(s) 569–579

Abstract: Background and objective: Formative research studies can inform stated-preference instrument development to quantify the importance of various attributes of healthcare treatments. The objective of this study was to elicit from patients with chronic ... ...

Abstract	Background and objective: Formative research studies can inform stated-preference instrument development to quantify the importance of various attributes of healthcare treatments. The objective of this study was to elicit from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease the prioritization of an established set of patient-informed value elements. Methods: Using an iterative mixed-methods study design, we engaged individuals living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Phase 1 value element elicitation and Phase 2 language refinement. Study participants were recruited from March to July 2019. Four guided activities, administered in an online instrument, elicited individual preferences for 40 disease-agnostic value elements that were aligned with treatment, outcomes, or care process. Responses from the guided activities were summarized and then presented to a patient advocate and additional patient participants for further refinement of the value elements and the phrasing. Results: Twenty-three participants, 18 male and five female, mean age of 66 years (standard deviation = 7) were enrolled in Phase 1. Participant responses informed the selection of eight elements as the key candidates for the Phase 2 language refinement: Side Effects, New Therapeutic Option, Available Treatment, Appropriateness of Care, Predictable Healthcare Needs, Physical Activities: Endurance and Symptom Control, and Explanation of Treatment. With feedback from a patient advocate and additional patient participants, elements were refined, rephrased, or modified and this list was narrowed to six value elements (Side Effects, New Therapeutic Option, Willingness to Pay, Physical Activities, Explanation of Treatment, and Access to Care) to serve as attributes in a conceptual framework for a future quantitative stated-preference instrument. Conclusions: This patient-engaged formative work identified patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease key attributes of value-based decision making that underpin benefit-risk trade-offs between physical endurance, treatment side effects, care access, and cost. This study illustrates an iterative process for eliciting and refining a comprehensive list of value elements, resulting in a subgroup of elements important to a specific patient population.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Delivery of Health Care ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Preference ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy ; Research Design ; Risk Assessment
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-08
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2466680-4
ISSN	1178-1661 ; 1178-1653
ISSN (online)	1178-1661
ISSN	1178-1653
DOI	10.1007/s40271-021-00495-2
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