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  1. Article ; Online: Electric Field Manipulation of Defects and Schottky Barrier Control inside ZnO Nanowires.

    Haseman, Micah S / Gao, Hantian / Duddella, Kalpak / Brillson, Leonard J

    ACS applied materials & interfaces

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 25, Page(s) 30944–30955

    Abstract: We directly measure the three-dimensional movement of intrinsic point defects driven by applied electric fields inside ZnO nano- and micro-wire metal-semiconductor-metal device structures. Using depth- and spatially resolved cathodoluminescence ... ...

    Abstract We directly measure the three-dimensional movement of intrinsic point defects driven by applied electric fields inside ZnO nano- and micro-wire metal-semiconductor-metal device structures. Using depth- and spatially resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (CLS) in situ to map the spatial distributions of local defect densities with increasing applied bias, we drive the reversible conversion of metal-ZnO contacts from rectifying to Ohmic and back. These results demonstrate how defect movements systematically determine Ohmic and Schottky barriers to ZnO nano- and microwires and how they can account for the widely reported instability in nanowire transport. Exceeding a characteristic threshold voltage, in situ CLS reveals a current-induced thermal runaway that drives the radial diffusion of defects toward the nanowire free surface, causing V
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1944-8252
    ISSN (online) 1944-8252
    DOI 10.1021/acsami.3c02132
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Evaluating consistency in the interpretation of NTP rodent cancer bioassays: an examination of mouse lung tumor effects in the 4-MEI study.

    Haseman, J K

    Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP

    2013  Volume 66, Issue 1, Page(s) 109–115

    Abstract: The potential carcinogenicity of 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI) was evaluated in a National Toxicology Program (NTP) rodent cancer bioassay in Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (NTP, 2007; Chan et al., 2008). The NTP concluded that there was "clear evidence of ...

    Abstract The potential carcinogenicity of 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI) was evaluated in a National Toxicology Program (NTP) rodent cancer bioassay in Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (NTP, 2007; Chan et al., 2008). The NTP concluded that there was "clear evidence of carcinogenic activity" in male and female mice, based on an increased incidence of lung tumors. The "category of evidence" that the NTP assigns to a rodent cancer bioassay outcome can have significant regulatory implications. This is especially important for 4-MEI, which forms in caramel colorings and other foods during cooking, with potential widespread human exposure in a broad spectrum of food and beverage products. A detailed analysis of all NTP mouse-lung-tumor-only carcinogens reveals that the proper call for lung tumors in the 4-MEI study should have been "some evidence" rather than "clear evidence" of carcinogenic activity for both male and female mice in order to be consistent with the NTP's interpretation of other mouse lung carcinogens showing a similar strength of response. Suggestions are given as to measures the NTP should consider in the preparation of some or all future Technical Reports in order to enhance consistency of interpretation of experimental results.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biological Assay/methods ; Carcinogenicity Tests/methods ; Databases, Factual ; Female ; Imidazoles/toxicity ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Male ; Mice ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Sex Factors ; Species Specificity ; Toxicology/methods
    Chemical Substances Imidazoles ; 4-methylimidazole (Q64GF9FV4I)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604672-1
    ISSN 1096-0295 ; 0273-2300
    ISSN (online) 1096-0295
    ISSN 0273-2300
    DOI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.03.009
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  3. Article ; Online: Accounting for Multiple Comparisons in Statistical Analysis of the Extensive Bioassay Data on Glyphosate.

    Crump, Kenny / Crouch, Edmund / Zelterman, Daniel / Crump, Casey / Haseman, Joseph

    Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology

    2020  Volume 175, Issue 2, Page(s) 156–167

    Abstract: Glyphosate is a widely used herbicide worldwide. In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reviewed glyphosate cancer bioassays and human studies and declared that the evidence for carcinogenicity of glyphosate is sufficient in ... ...

    Abstract Glyphosate is a widely used herbicide worldwide. In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reviewed glyphosate cancer bioassays and human studies and declared that the evidence for carcinogenicity of glyphosate is sufficient in experimental animals. We analyzed 10 glyphosate rodent bioassays, including those in which IARC found evidence of carcinogenicity, using a multiresponse permutation procedure that adjusts for the large number of tumors eligible for statistical testing and provides valid false-positive probabilities. The test statistics for these permutation tests are functions of p values from a standard test for dose-response trend applied to each specific type of tumor. We evaluated 3 permutation tests, using as test statistics the smallest p value from a standard statistical test for dose-response trend and the number of such tests for which the p value is less than or equal to .05 or .01. The false-positive probabilities obtained from 2 implementations of these 3 permutation tests are: smallest p value: .26, .17; p values ≤ .05: .08, .12; and p values ≤ .01: .06, .08. In addition, we found more evidence for negative dose-response trends than positive. Thus, we found no strong evidence that glyphosate is an animal carcinogen. The main cause for the discrepancy between IARC's finding and ours appears to be that IARC did not account for the large number of tumor responses analyzed and the increased likelihood that several of these would show statistical significance simply by chance. This work provides a more comprehensive analysis of the animal carcinogenicity data for this important herbicide than previously available.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Laboratory ; Biological Assay/statistics & numerical data ; Carcinogenicity Tests/statistics & numerical data ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glycine/analogs & derivatives ; Glycine/toxicity ; Herbicides/toxicity ; Humans ; Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Neoplasms/physiopathology ; United States
    Chemical Substances Herbicides ; Glycine (TE7660XO1C)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1420885-4
    ISSN 1096-0929 ; 1096-6080
    ISSN (online) 1096-0929
    ISSN 1096-6080
    DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa039
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  4. Article ; Online: Correcting for Multiple Comparisons in Statistical Analysis of Animal Bioassay Data.

    Crump, Kenny / Crouch, Edmund / Zelterman, Daniel / Crump, Casey / Haseman, Joseph

    Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology

    2020  Volume 177, Issue 2, Page(s) 523–524

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biological Assay ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Glycine/analogs & derivatives ; Research Design ; Glyphosate
    Chemical Substances Glycine (TE7660XO1C)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1420885-4
    ISSN 1096-0929 ; 1096-6080
    ISSN (online) 1096-0929
    ISSN 1096-6080
    DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa078
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  5. Article: Evaluating consistency in the interpretation of NTP rodent cancer bioassays: An examination of mouse lung tumor effects in the 4-MEI study

    Haseman, J.K

    Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology. 2013 June, v. 66, no. 1

    2013  

    Abstract: The potential carcinogenicity of 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI) was evaluated in a National Toxicology Program (NTP) rodent cancer bioassay in Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (NTP, 2007; Chan et al., 2008). The NTP concluded that there was “clear evidence of ...

    Abstract The potential carcinogenicity of 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI) was evaluated in a National Toxicology Program (NTP) rodent cancer bioassay in Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (NTP, 2007; Chan et al., 2008). The NTP concluded that there was “clear evidence of carcinogenic activity” in male and female mice, based on an increased incidence of lung tumors. The “category of evidence” that the NTP assigns to a rodent cancer bioassay outcome can have significant regulatory implications. This is especially important for 4-MEI, which forms in caramel colorings and other foods during cooking, with potential widespread human exposure in a broad spectrum of food and beverage products. A detailed analysis of all NTP mouse-lung-tumor-only carcinogens reveals that the proper call for lung tumors in the 4-MEI study should have been “some evidence” rather than “clear evidence” of carcinogenic activity for both male and female mice in order to be consistent with the NTP’s interpretation of other mouse lung carcinogens showing a similar strength of response. Suggestions are given as to measures the NTP should consider in the preparation of some or all future Technical Reports in order to enhance consistency of interpretation of experimental results.
    Keywords beverages ; bioassays ; carcinogenicity ; carcinogens ; cooking ; females ; humans ; lung neoplasms ; males ; mice ; rats ; toxicology
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2013-06
    Size p. 109-115.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 604672-1
    ISSN 0273-2300
    ISSN 0273-2300
    DOI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.03.009
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: An alternative perspective: a critical evaluation of the Waddell threshold extrapolation model in chemical carcinogenesis.

    Haseman, J K

    Toxicologic pathology

    2003  Volume 31, Issue 5, Page(s) 468–470

    Abstract: In a recent Perspective article (Toxicologic Pathology 31: 260-262, 2003) Waddell asserts that he has developed a log linear extrapolation model that can demonstrate a threshold and resolve for once and for all the uncertainies associated with low dose ... ...

    Abstract In a recent Perspective article (Toxicologic Pathology 31: 260-262, 2003) Waddell asserts that he has developed a log linear extrapolation model that can demonstrate a threshold and resolve for once and for all the uncertainies associated with low dose cancer risk extrapolation. However, his method essentially forces, rather than demonstrates, a threshold, and has many serious flaws that result in significant under-estimation of low dose risk. It would be a serious mistake for the scientific community to adopt Waddell's log linear extrapolation model for chemical carcinogenesis risk assessment.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Laboratory ; Carcinogenicity Tests/veterinary ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Carcinoma/chemically induced ; Carcinoma/pathology ; Carcinoma/veterinary ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/chemically induced ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Linear Models ; Liver Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Liver Neoplasms/veterinary ; Mice ; Risk Assessment ; Toxicity Tests, Chronic/veterinary
    Chemical Substances Carcinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 841009-4
    ISSN 0192-6233
    ISSN 0192-6233
    DOI 10.1080/01926230390228940
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  7. Article: Using the NTP database to assess the value of rodent carcinogenicity studies for determining human cancer risk.

    Haseman, J K

    Drug metabolism reviews

    2000  Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 169–186

    Abstract: The large database of carcinogenicity results generated by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) provides a unique opportunity to critically evaluate important scientific issues such as (1) the frequency of positive outcomes, (2) the interspecies ... ...

    Abstract The large database of carcinogenicity results generated by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) provides a unique opportunity to critically evaluate important scientific issues such as (1) the frequency of positive outcomes, (2) the interspecies correlation in carcinogenic response between rats and mice, (3) the correlation between body weight and tumor incidence, (4) estimates of the false-positive and false-negative rates, and (5) the frequency of decreasing tumor incidences. Such database evaluations enable us to better understand the value and limitations of rodent carcinogenicity studies for determining human cancer risk. However, as the NTP database becomes increasingly accessible to the general scientific community, there is also increased opportunity for misuse of the database. This article reexamines and updates previous database evaluations, presents four scientific principles that should be employed by anyone attempting to use this database, and illustrates how failure to apply these principles can lead to misleading results.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Body Weight ; Carcinogenicity Tests/standards ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Rats ; Risk Assessment ; Rodentia ; Species Specificity
    Chemical Substances Carcinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 184967-0
    ISSN 1097-9883 ; 0360-2532 ; 0012-6594
    ISSN (online) 1097-9883
    ISSN 0360-2532 ; 0012-6594
    DOI 10.1081/dmr-100100570
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: COMPACT predictions: is there a catch?

    Haseman, J K

    Environmental health perspectives

    1995  Volume 103, Issue 6, Page(s) 536–538

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Carcinogens ; Expert Systems ; Rats ; Reproducibility of Results
    Chemical Substances Carcinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 1995-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 195189-0
    ISSN 1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    ISSN (online) 1552-9924
    ISSN 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    DOI 10.1289/ehp.95103536
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  9. Article: Data analysis: statistical analysis and use of historical control data.

    Haseman, J K

    Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP

    1995  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 52–9; discussion 81–6

    Abstract: Survival-adjusted methods for the statistical analysis of tumor data from long-term rodent carcinogenicity studies are described. Although most of these methods require knowledge of whether individual tumors are "fatal" or "incidental," such ... ...

    Abstract Survival-adjusted methods for the statistical analysis of tumor data from long-term rodent carcinogenicity studies are described. Although most of these methods require knowledge of whether individual tumors are "fatal" or "incidental," such determinations may be difficult. Several methods for dealing with this and with other data analysis issues are discussed. Historical control tumor data may be useful in the interpretation of rodent carcinogenicity studies, particularly for rare tumors and for borderline effects. Although statistical methods are available for using historical control data in a formal testing framework, the primary difficulty is establishing a database that is truly comparable to the study under evaluation with respect to those factors known to influence tumor occurrence. Major sources of variability in tumor incidence include the animal room environment, dietary factors/body weight, gross necropsy and slide preparation procedures, and histopathology diagnosis. The National Toxicology Program's use of historical control data is briefly described and illustrated.
    MeSH term(s) Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/pathology ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Carcinogenicity Tests/methods ; Female ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Pheochromocytoma/pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Survival Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 1995-02
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604672-1
    ISSN 0273-2300
    ISSN 0273-2300
    DOI 10.1006/rtph.1995.1009
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  10. Article: Comment: carcinogenicity studies of AZO dyes.

    Haseman, J K

    Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology

    1990  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 207–211

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Azo Compounds/toxicity ; Carcinogenicity Tests ; Female ; Male ; Rats
    Chemical Substances Azo Compounds
    Language English
    Publishing date 1990-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604594-7
    ISSN 0272-0590
    ISSN 0272-0590
    DOI 10.1016/0272-0590(90)90177-l
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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