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  1. Article: Thoracic Aorta: Anatomy and Pathology.

    di Gioia, Cira Rosaria Tiziana / Ascione, Andrea / Carletti, Raffaella / Giordano, Carla

    Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 13

    Abstract: The aorta is the largest elastic artery in the human body and is classically divided into two anatomical segments, the thoracic and the abdominal aorta, separated by the diaphragm. The thoracic aorta includes the aortic root, the ascending aorta, the ... ...

    Abstract The aorta is the largest elastic artery in the human body and is classically divided into two anatomical segments, the thoracic and the abdominal aorta, separated by the diaphragm. The thoracic aorta includes the aortic root, the ascending aorta, the arch, and the descending aorta. The aorta's elastic properties depend on its wall structure, composed of three distinct histologic layers: intima, media, and adventitia. The different aortic segments show different embryological and anatomical features, which account for their different physiological properties and impact the occurrence and natural history of congenital and acquired diseases that develop herein. Diseases of the thoracic aorta may present either as a chronic, often asymptomatic disorder or as acute life-threatening conditions, i.e., acute aortic syndromes, and are usually associated with states that increase wall stress and alter the structure of the aortic wall. This review aims to provide an update on the disease of the thoracic aorta, focusing on the morphological substrates and clinicopathological correlations. Information on anatomy and embryology will also be provided.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662336-5
    ISSN 2075-4418
    ISSN 2075-4418
    DOI 10.3390/diagnostics13132166
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Non-Diabetic Kidney Disease: Evidence in Experimental Models.

    Castoldi, Giovanna / Carletti, Raffaella / Barzaghi, Francesca / Meani, Michela / Zatti, Giovanni / Perseghin, Gianluca / Di Gioia, Cira R T / Zerbini, Gianpaolo

    Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 3

    Abstract: Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of glucose-lowering agents widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A number of clinical trials in type 2 diabetic patients with different degrees of renal impairment have ... ...

    Abstract Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of glucose-lowering agents widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A number of clinical trials in type 2 diabetic patients with different degrees of renal impairment have clearly demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the progression rate of diabetic kidney disease. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that SGLT2 inhibitors also exert a protective effect in the case of non-diabetic kidney disease. Consequently, it has been hypothesized that the nephroprotective activity of these drugs could exceed the canonical impact on glycemic control and that the resulting beneficial effects could be the consequence of their pleiotropic properties (proven reduction of inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress and sympathetic nervous activity) both at systemic and tissue levels, suggesting that the efficacy of these drugs could also be extended to non-diabetic nephropathies. This review focuses on the nephroprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in different experimental models of non-diabetic kidney disease. The different glucose-independent mechanisms potentially implemented by SGLT2 inhibitors to ultimately protect the non-diabetic kidney are described in detail, and conflicting results, when present, are discussed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2193542-7
    ISSN 1424-8247
    ISSN 1424-8247
    DOI 10.3390/ph17030362
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: An atypical death from Rapunzel syndrome: a case report.

    Piras, Gianluca Nicolò / Tomassini, Luca / Bottoni, Edoardo / di Gioia, Cira / Ciallella, Costantino

    Forensic science, medicine, and pathology

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 207–214

    Abstract: Trichotillomania is a psychiatric disorder characterized by recurring urges to pulling out hairs, eyelashes, or down in other parts of the body. Trichophagia, which is the urge to ingesting the pulled-out hairs, can cause Rapunzel syndrome, an unusual ... ...

    Abstract Trichotillomania is a psychiatric disorder characterized by recurring urges to pulling out hairs, eyelashes, or down in other parts of the body. Trichophagia, which is the urge to ingesting the pulled-out hairs, can cause Rapunzel syndrome, an unusual disorder where gastric trichobezoars can be found in the small intestine. Trichobezoars, amorphous masses composed of undigested food formed by hairs, can obstruct the gastrointestinal tract up to simulating symptoms typical of bowel obstruction. Rapunzel syndrome, named after Grimm's tale, may cause death, especially in the pediatric population, being it seldom over the age of 6; moreover, developing countries and environmental and familiar issues are listed as uncertain risk factors. The present case report deals with the death of a 4-year-old female occurred after lunch and following a series of vomit events; while no traumatic or pathological findings were revealed at the external examination, the autopsy revealed three large trichobezoars localized in the stomach and the small intestine. Despite death was due to gastrointestinal obstruction for multiple trichobezoars and collateral bronchoaspiration of dietary material, histological findings were totally non-specific, meaning that it is sometimes difficult to conclude that death is related to the primary pathological condition.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Child ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Bezoars/diagnosis ; Bezoars/etiology ; Bezoars/psychology ; Stomach ; Intestine, Small ; Hair ; Trichotillomania/complications ; Trichotillomania/diagnosis ; Syndrome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2195904-3
    ISSN 1556-2891 ; 1547-769X
    ISSN (online) 1556-2891
    ISSN 1547-769X
    DOI 10.1007/s12024-023-00588-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Transpositions of the great arteries versus aortic dextropositions. A review of some embryogenetic and morphological aspects.

    Restivo, Angelo / di Gioia, Cira / Marino, Bruno / Putotto, Carolina

    Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)

    2022  Volume 306, Issue 3, Page(s) 502–514

    Abstract: This review examines and discusses the morphology and embryology of two main groups of conotruncal cardiac malformations: (a) transposition of the great arteries (complete transposition and incomplete/partial transposition namely double outlet right ... ...

    Abstract This review examines and discusses the morphology and embryology of two main groups of conotruncal cardiac malformations: (a) transposition of the great arteries (complete transposition and incomplete/partial transposition namely double outlet right ventricle), and (b) aortic dextroposition defects (tetralogy of Fallot and Eisenmenger malformation). In both groups, persistent truncus arteriosus was included because maldevelopment of the neural crest cell supply to the outflow tract, contributing to the production of the persistent truncus arteriosus, is shared by both groups of malformations. The potentially important role of the proximal conal cushions in the rotatory sequence of the conotruncus is emphasized. Most importantly, this study emphasizes the differentiation between the double-outlet right ventricle, which is a partial or incomplete transposition of the great arteries, and the Eisenmenger malformation, which is an aortic dextroposition. Special emphasis is also given to the leftward shift of the conoventricular junction, which covers an important morphogenetic role in both aortic dextropositions and transposition defects as well as in normal development, and whose molecular genetic regulation seems to remain unclear at present. Emphasis is placed on the distinct and overlapping roles of Tbx1 and Pitx2 transcription factors in modulating the development of the cardiac outflow tract.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Transposition of Great Vessels ; Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Arteries
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2269667-2
    ISSN 1932-8494 ; 1932-8486
    ISSN (online) 1932-8494
    ISSN 1932-8486
    DOI 10.1002/ar.25129
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ub I Zs.65: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: Thoracic Aorta

    Cira Rosaria Tiziana di Gioia / Andrea Ascione / Raffaella Carletti / Carla Giordano

    Diagnostics, Vol 13, Iss 2166, p

    Anatomy and Pathology

    2023  Volume 2166

    Abstract: The aorta is the largest elastic artery in the human body and is classically divided into two anatomical segments, the thoracic and the abdominal aorta, separated by the diaphragm. The thoracic aorta includes the aortic root, the ascending aorta, the ... ...

    Abstract The aorta is the largest elastic artery in the human body and is classically divided into two anatomical segments, the thoracic and the abdominal aorta, separated by the diaphragm. The thoracic aorta includes the aortic root, the ascending aorta, the arch, and the descending aorta. The aorta’s elastic properties depend on its wall structure, composed of three distinct histologic layers: intima, media, and adventitia. The different aortic segments show different embryological and anatomical features, which account for their different physiological properties and impact the occurrence and natural history of congenital and acquired diseases that develop herein. Diseases of the thoracic aorta may present either as a chronic, often asymptomatic disorder or as acute life-threatening conditions, i.e., acute aortic syndromes, and are usually associated with states that increase wall stress and alter the structure of the aortic wall. This review aims to provide an update on the disease of the thoracic aorta, focusing on the morphological substrates and clinicopathological correlations. Information on anatomy and embryology will also be provided.
    Keywords thoracic aorta ; embryology ; aortic aneurysm ; aortic dissection ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Drawing as a Way of Knowing

    Biffoni, Marco / Grani, Giorgio / Melcarne, Rossella / Geronzi, Valerio / Consorti, Fabrizio / Ruggieri, Giuseppe De / Galvano, Alessia / Razlighi, Maryam Hosseinpour / Iannuzzi, Eva / Engel, Tal Deborah / Pace, Daniela / Di Gioia, Cira Rosaria Tiziana / Boniardi, Marco / Durante, Cosimo / Giacomelli, Laura

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 5

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Background
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm13051389
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Merkel Cell Polyomavirus in the Context of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.

    Passerini, Sara / Babini, Giulia / Merenda, Elisabetta / Carletti, Raffaella / Scribano, Daniela / Rosa, Luigi / Conte, Antonietta Lucia / Moens, Ugo / Ottolenghi, Livia / Romeo, Umberto / Conte, Maria Pia / Di Gioia, Cira Rosaria Tiziana / Pietropaolo, Valeria

    Biomedicines

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 4

    Abstract: Despite recent advances in prevention, detection and treatment, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a global health concern, strongly associated with environmental and lifestyle risk factors and infection with oncogenic viruses. Merkel Cell ... ...

    Abstract Despite recent advances in prevention, detection and treatment, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a global health concern, strongly associated with environmental and lifestyle risk factors and infection with oncogenic viruses. Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV), well known to be the causative agent of Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) has been found in OSCC, suggesting its potential role as a co-factor in the development of oral cavity cancers. To improve our understanding about MCPyV in oral cavities, the detection and analysis of MCPyV DNA, transcripts and miRNA were performed on OSCCs and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). In addition, the cellular miR-375, known to be deregulated in tumors, was examined. MCPyV DNA was found in 3 out of 11 OSCC and 4 out of 12 OPMD samples, with a viral mean value of 1.49 × 10
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines12040709
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Management of oral leukoplakia in patients with Fanconi anemia.

    Pippi, Roberto / Di Gioia, Cira / La Rocca, Ursula / Bellisario, Amelia / Iori, Anna Paola

    Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP

    2022  Volume 26, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) S133–S138

    Abstract: Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease involving an increased risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia and solid tumors, especially head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas, for which the oral cavity is the most frequent site of occurrence. The ... ...

    Abstract Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease involving an increased risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia and solid tumors, especially head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas, for which the oral cavity is the most frequent site of occurrence. The patient presented in this study underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and developed nonhomogeneous oral leukoplakia after 7 years, which was promptly removed and diagnosed with high-grade epithelial dysplasia. Many risk conditions for oral squamous cell carcinoma were featured in the present case including FA, allogeneic HSCT, graft-versus-host disease, immunosuppressive therapy, female gender, nonsmoker, tongue location and nonhomogeneous type of leukoplakia. Close follow-up of the entire upper aerodigestive tract mucosa and early removal of all suspected lesions are highly recommended in the management of such patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-28
    Publishing country India
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2390999-7
    ISSN 1998-393X ; 0973-029X
    ISSN (online) 1998-393X
    ISSN 0973-029X
    DOI 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_280_21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Severely Damaged Freeze-Injured Skeletal Muscle Reveals Functional Impairment, Inadequate Repair, and Opportunity for Human Stem Cell Application.

    Fioretti, Daniela / Ledda, Mario / Iurescia, Sandra / Carletti, Raffaella / Di Gioia, Cira / Lolli, Maria Grazia / Marchese, Rodolfo / Lisi, Antonella / Rinaldi, Monica

    Biomedicines

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1

    Abstract: Background: The regeneration of severe traumatic muscle injuries is an unsolved medical need that is relevant for civilian and military medicine. In this work, we produced a critically sized nonhealing muscle defect in a mouse model to investigate ... ...

    Abstract Background: The regeneration of severe traumatic muscle injuries is an unsolved medical need that is relevant for civilian and military medicine. In this work, we produced a critically sized nonhealing muscle defect in a mouse model to investigate muscle degeneration/healing phases.
    Materials and methods: We caused a freeze injury (FI) in the biceps femoris of C57BL/6N mice. From day 1 to day 25 post-injury, we conducted histological/morphometric examinations, an analysis of the expression of genes involved in inflammation/regeneration, and an in vivo functional evaluation.
    Results: We found that FI activates cytosolic DNA sensing and inflammatory responses. Persistent macrophage infiltration, the prolonged expression of eMHC, the presence of centrally nucleated myofibers, and the presence of PAX7+ satellite cells at late time points and with chronic physical impairment indicated inadequate repair. By looking at stem-cell-based therapeutic protocols of muscle repair, we investigated the crosstalk between M1-biased macrophages and human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in vitro. We demonstrated their reciprocal paracrine effects where hAMSCs induced a shift of M1 macrophages into an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and M1 macrophages promoted an increase in the expression of hAMSC immunomodulatory factors.
    Conclusions: Our findings support the rationale for the future use of our injury model to exploit the full potential of in vivo hAMSC transplantation following severe traumatic injuries.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines12010030
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Cardioprotective Effects of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition in Angiotensin II-Dependent Hypertension Are Mediated by the Local Reduction of Sympathetic Activity and Inflammation.

    Castoldi, Giovanna / Carletti, Raffaella / Ippolito, Silvia / Colzani, Massimiliano / Pelucchi, Sara / Zerbini, Gianpaolo / Perseghin, Gianluca / Zatti, Giovanni / di Gioia, Cira R T

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 13

    Abstract: The cardioprotective effects of sodium glucose cotrasponter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors seem to be independent from the effects on glycemic control, through little-known mechanisms. In this study, we investigate whether the cardioprotective effects of ... ...

    Abstract The cardioprotective effects of sodium glucose cotrasponter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors seem to be independent from the effects on glycemic control, through little-known mechanisms. In this study, we investigate whether the cardioprotective effects of empagliflozin, a SGLT2 inhibitor, may be associated with myocardial sympathetic activity and inflammatory cell infiltration in an experimental model of angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. Angiotensin II (Ang II), Ang II plus Empagliflozin, physiological saline, or physiological saline plus empagliflozin were administered to Sprague Dawley rats for two weeks. Blood pressure was measured by plethysmographic method. Myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis were analysed by histomorphometry, and inflammatory cell infiltration and tyrosine hydroxylase expression, implemented as a marker of sympathetic activity, were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Ang II increased blood pressure, myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammatory infiltrates and tyrosine hydroxylase expression, as compared to the control group. Empagliflozin administration prevented the development of myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammatory infiltrates and tyrosine hydroxylase overexpression in Ang II-treated rats, without affecting blood glucose and the Ang II-dependent increase in blood pressure. These data demonstrate that the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibition in Ang II-dependent hypertension may result from the myocardial reduction of sympathetic activity and inflammation and are independent of the modulation of blood pressure and blood glucose levels.
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Animals ; Angiotensin II/metabolism ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 ; Blood Glucose ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Hypertension/metabolism ; Cardiomegaly ; Blood Pressure ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Fibrosis
    Chemical Substances Angiotensin II (11128-99-7) ; empagliflozin (HDC1R2M35U) ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 ; Blood Glucose ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms241310710
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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