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  1. Article: Game of strokes: Optimal & conversion strategy algorithms with simulations & application.

    Okorie, David Iheke / Gnatchiglo, Joel Miworse

    Heliyon

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 12, Page(s) e23073

    Abstract: Strategic decision-making for sequential move games requires rationality and continuity of rationality to guarantee maximum payoffs at all nodes/stages/levels. Rationality and continuity of rationality in a player's behaviour are not often observed and/ ... ...

    Abstract Strategic decision-making for sequential move games requires rationality and continuity of rationality to guarantee maximum payoffs at all nodes/stages/levels. Rationality and continuity of rationality in a player's behaviour are not often observed and/or maintained thus, leading to less optimal outcomes. More so, the belief in an opponent's rationality, on the other hand, co-determines the level of effort a player employs while making strategic decisions. Given irrationality and discontinuity of rationality in a sequential move game with mover advantages, there are strategic steps (algorithms) to convert and/or maintain the mover advantages of an irrational player. In this paper, the conversion strategy algorithms, as well as the optimal strategy algorithms, are developed using the Beta Limit Sum (BLS) strategy model and the game of strokes. The simulation exercises confirm that the BLS strategy model is an optimal solution for the finite sequential game of strokes. One of the key applications of these strategies is that of resource economics like environmental resources (clean water, air & land). These are public goods, as such, the optimal strategy entails that the community cooperates (as one entity) and takes the same actions or strategy to maintain a healthy and clean state of the communal environmental resources.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23073
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The energy use of capital inputs

    David Iheke Okorie

    Environmental Challenges, Vol 4, Iss , Pp 100104- (2021)

    Towards cleaner production in Nigeria

    2021  

    Abstract: To reduce fossil energy consumption and mitigate carbon emission in an economy, it is important to examine the energy use of the physical capital factor input, taking the Nigerian production process as an example, given that Nigeria is the largest ... ...

    Abstract To reduce fossil energy consumption and mitigate carbon emission in an economy, it is important to examine the energy use of the physical capital factor input, taking the Nigerian production process as an example, given that Nigeria is the largest economy in Africa by Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), Population, etc. On the other hand, while existing literature assumes energy-use as an independent factor input, this article argues that energy-use is a dependent factor input in a production function relationship. Therefore, this paper seeks to model the production processes differently, by considering energy-use as a dependent factor input of production. Hence, the Energy Efficient Constant Elasticity of Substitution (EE-CES) production function is proposed to model the aggregate production process in Nigeria while taking energy-use as a capital-dependent input factor. The Indirect Least Square (ILS) results show a 19% actual capital energy-efficient level in Nigeria. The marginal productivity of energy-efficient capital exceeds that of labour and energy-inefficient capital. The Nigerian factor inputs exhibit increasing returns to scale with a homogenous of degree three-second. On average, the Nigerian production process is more labour intensive than capital intensive. Therefore, conscious efforts are required to simultaneously make the Nigerian production process more capital-intensive and improve the energy-efficiency of the capital input. The implication of this study is not peculiar to Nigeria but includes other developing economies, mostly African economies, with a more labour-intensive production system.
    Keywords C22 ; D24 ; E23 ; L70 ; Q40 ; Q54 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 339
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: An Input-Output augmented Kaya Identity and Application

    David Iheke Okorie

    Social Sciences and Humanities Open, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 100214- (2021)

    Quantile regression approach

    2021  

    Abstract: Carbon emission from Africa’s tropical land in 2016 is 6 billion tonnes. Thus, Africa emits a substantial amount of carbon. It is therefore important to study the emission of carbon in Africa, taking Nigeria, the largest economy in Africa, as a case ... ...

    Abstract Carbon emission from Africa’s tropical land in 2016 is 6 billion tonnes. Thus, Africa emits a substantial amount of carbon. It is therefore important to study the emission of carbon in Africa, taking Nigeria, the largest economy in Africa, as a case study. Currently, Nigeria experiences rapid increases in the level of carbon emissions. Production activities play key roles in understanding the level of carbon emission in an economy. Therefore, this article analyzes the drivers of carbon emission, from production activities, at different quantile levels. Hence, the proposed Augmented Kaya Identity (AKI) model incorporate the role of the input-output relationship in carbon emission from production activities. Generally, the results confirm that the choice of input-output relationship is a key determinant of carbon emission. The Nigerian carbon emission decreases in quantile and while some factors’ elasticities are constant, others are quantile-drive. The proposed model also outperforms the basic Kaya Identity aside from estimating the input-output relationship impact on carbon emission at all quantile levels. These findings are externally valid for other African countries. Among others, the policy implication of this article includes providing the evidence and justification for Africa to move to cleaner energy sources in production activities to reduce emissions. Also, it provides the tool & background evidence of the key drivers of carbon emission and their elasticities for policy formulation and implementation in African economies.
    Keywords C22 ; L70 ; Q40 ; Q54 ; History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 339
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  4. Article ; Online: Game of strokes

    David Iheke Okorie / Joel Miworse Gnatchiglo

    Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 12, Pp e23073- (2023)

    Optimal & conversion strategy algorithms with simulations & application

    2023  

    Abstract: Strategic decision-making for sequential move games requires rationality and continuity of rationality to guarantee maximum payoffs at all nodes/stages/levels. Rationality and continuity of rationality in a player's behaviour are not often observed and/ ... ...

    Abstract Strategic decision-making for sequential move games requires rationality and continuity of rationality to guarantee maximum payoffs at all nodes/stages/levels. Rationality and continuity of rationality in a player's behaviour are not often observed and/or maintained thus, leading to less optimal outcomes. More so, the belief in an opponent's rationality, on the other hand, co-determines the level of effort a player employs while making strategic decisions. Given irrationality and discontinuity of rationality in a sequential move game with mover advantages, there are strategic steps (algorithms) to convert and/or maintain the mover advantages of an irrational player. In this paper, the conversion strategy algorithms, as well as the optimal strategy algorithms, are developed using the Beta Limit Sum (BLS) strategy model and the game of strokes. The simulation exercises confirm that the BLS strategy model is an optimal solution for the finite sequential game of strokes. One of the key applications of these strategies is that of resource economics like environmental resources (clean water, air & land). These are public goods, as such, the optimal strategy entails that the community cooperates (as one entity) and takes the same actions or strategy to maintain a healthy and clean state of the communal environmental resources.
    Keywords Sequential games ; Continuity of rationality ; Optimal strategy ; Mover advantages conversion ; Energy ; Environmental resources ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 320 ; 000
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  5. Article: Emissions in agricultural-based developing economies: A case of Nigeria

    Okorie, David Iheke / Lin, Boqiang

    Journal of cleaner production. 2022 Feb. 20, v. 337

    2022  

    Abstract: Agricultural greenhouse gas emissions (methane and nitrous oxide) contribute substantially to global warming. This article explores and develops roadmaps towards mitigating these emissions in developing economies. Nonetheless, mitigating the impacts of ... ...

    Abstract Agricultural greenhouse gas emissions (methane and nitrous oxide) contribute substantially to global warming. This article explores and develops roadmaps towards mitigating these emissions in developing economies. Nonetheless, mitigating the impacts of global warming on humanity entails curtailing the greenhouse emissions which is very challenging given that this Greenhouse Gas (GHG) is emitted during agricultural food production processes. The Kaya and Index Decomposition Analysis (Kaya-IDA) models are used to decompose and study the drivers of the agricultural Greenhouse Gas emission (methane and nitrous oxide) in Nigeria from 1990 to 2019. Moreover, different policies are developed using scenario-based analysis from 2020 to 2050 to show possible Greenhouse Gas emission mitigation pathways. The results show that the agricultural greenhouse emission intensity and per capita output are the leading drivers of the total agricultural level of emission in Nigeria. There is also a decline in agricultural value-added contribution in the past decade to the overall emission level. Among the four policy scenarios, the Special Package Policy, which achieves a more than a proportional reduction in agricultural greenhouse emission intensity relative to other driving factors, results in a favourable and substantially reduced level of overall emission in the agricultural sector of Nigeria. The implications of this study also apply to other African economies with similar agricultural sectors like that of Nigeria.
    Keywords agricultural industry ; emissions factor ; food production ; greenhouse gas emissions ; greenhouse gases ; greenhouses ; issues and policy ; methane ; nitrous oxide ; value added ; Nigeria
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0220
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0959-6526
    DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130570
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Association of energy poverty and catastrophic health expenditure

    Okorie, David Iheke / Lin, Boqiang

    Energy. 2022 Aug., v. 253 p.124108-

    2022  

    Abstract: Energy poverty leads to several household consequences, including health conditions deterioration. As such, the association between energy poverty on health cannot be overemphasized. Due to these dampening health conditions, households engage in higher ... ...

    Abstract Energy poverty leads to several household consequences, including health conditions deterioration. As such, the association between energy poverty on health cannot be overemphasized. Due to these dampening health conditions, households engage in higher health expenses which could be catastrophic relative to the households' income or expenditures. This study investigates the causal association of energy poverty with the catastrophic health expenditure of Nigerian households. A Logistic binary choice model is applied using the Nigerian 2019 General Household Survey, Wave 4, (GHS4) data. The findings confirm that energy poverty is a causation of catastrophic health expenditure. Specifically, energy-poor Nigerian households have about 0.104% points higher causal chances of experiencing catastrophic health expenditure relative to non-energy poor Nigerian households. This marginal effect has also increased over the years in magnitude. On state/provincial levels, Osun and Niger states are the least catastrophic health expenditure states while Imo and Enugu states are the highest catastrophic health expenditure states. Besides, Bauchi and Kogi states have the highest probabilities of making the list of top catastrophic health expenditure states in Nigeria. These findings are robust and external validity while using different approaches like; different catastrophic health expenditure thresholds, continuous classical regression, Wave 1 (2011), Wave 2 (2013), and Wave 3 (2016) survey datasets. Based on the findings, one policy implication is the need to design, develop, and implement policies that seek to reduce or eradicate households’ energy poverty. This is shown to reduce the catastrophic health expenditure of the households.
    Keywords data collection ; energy ; energy poverty ; health care costs ; household surveys ; income ; issues and policy ; models ; Niger ; Nigeria ; Health expenditure ; Causal inference ; Spatial analysis ; GHS ; GHS1 ; GHS2 ; GHS3 ; GHS4 ; EP ; CEH ; PEH ; OOP ; NBS ; MEPI ; LSMS ; VEP ; CO ; ML ; I32 ; P36 ; R29 ; C21 ; O55
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-08
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2019804-8
    ISSN 0360-5442 ; 0360-5442
    ISSN (online) 0360-5442
    ISSN 0360-5442
    DOI 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124108
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Stock markets and the COVID-19 fractal contagion effects.

    Okorie, David Iheke / Lin, Boqiang

    Finance research letters

    2020  Volume 38, Page(s) 101640

    Abstract: This article investigates the fractal contagion effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock markets. The stock market information of the top 32 coronavirus affected economies (as of 31st March 2020) was sampled for ex-ante and ex-post COVID-19 outbreak ... ...

    Abstract This article investigates the fractal contagion effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock markets. The stock market information of the top 32 coronavirus affected economies (as of 31st March 2020) was sampled for ex-ante and ex-post COVID-19 outbreak analysis using the Detrended Moving Cross-Correlation Analysis (DMCA) and Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis (DCCA) techniques. The results confirm a fractal contagion effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock markets. Furthermore, this fractal contagion effect fizzles out over time (in the middle and long run) for both the stock markets return and volatility. Therefore, this article provides pieces of evidence for the COVID-19 fractal contagion effect on the stock markets.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1544-6131
    ISSN (online) 1544-6131
    DOI 10.1016/j.frl.2020.101640
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Stock markets and the COVID-19 fractal contagion effects

    Okorie, David Iheke / Lin, Boqiang

    Finance Research Letters

    2020  , Page(s) 101640

    Keywords Finance ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 1544-6123
    DOI 10.1016/j.frl.2020.101640
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  9. Article: Stock markets and the COVID-19 fractal contagion effects

    Okorie, David Iheke / Lin, Boqiang

    Financ Res Lett

    Abstract: This article investigates the fractal contagion effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock markets. The stock market information of the top 32 coronavirus affected economies (as of 31st March 2020) was sampled for ex-ante and ex-post COVID-19 outbreak ... ...

    Abstract This article investigates the fractal contagion effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock markets. The stock market information of the top 32 coronavirus affected economies (as of 31st March 2020) was sampled for ex-ante and ex-post COVID-19 outbreak analysis using the Detrended Moving Cross-Correlation Analysis (DMCA) and Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis (DCCA) techniques. The results confirm a fractal contagion effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock markets. Furthermore, this fractal contagion effect fizzles out over time (in the middle and long run) for both the stock markets return and volatility. Therefore, this article provides pieces of evidence for the COVID-19 fractal contagion effect on the stock markets.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #548732
    Database COVID19

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