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Article ; Online: Abrus precatorius Leaf Extract Stimulates Insulin-mediated Muscle Glucose Uptake: In vitro Studies and Phytochemical Analysis.

Lankatillake, Chintha / Huynh, Tien / Dias, Daniel A

2024 Volume 90, Issue 5, Page(s) 388–396

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus, linked with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, is a leading cause of mortality. Glucose uptake through glucose transporter type 4, especially in skeletal muscle, is crucial for maintaining euglycaemia and is a key pathway targeted ... ...

Abstract	Diabetes mellitus, linked with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, is a leading cause of mortality. Glucose uptake through glucose transporter type 4, especially in skeletal muscle, is crucial for maintaining euglycaemia and is a key pathway targeted by antidiabetic medication.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Insulin/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; Abrus/chemistry ; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/metabolism ; Rosiglitazone/metabolism ; Rosiglitazone/pharmacology ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy ; Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology ; Insulin Resistance ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Hyperglycemia ; Glucose/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Insulin ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins ; Rosiglitazone (05V02F2KDG) ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Plant Extracts ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123545-x
ISSN	1439-0221 ; 0032-0943
ISSN (online)	1439-0221
ISSN	0032-0943
DOI	10.1055/a-2281-0988
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Article: Understanding glioblastoma stromal barriers against NK cell attack using tri-culture 3D spheroid model.

Heinrich, Marcel Alexander / Huynh, Ngoc-Tien / Heinrich, Lena / Prakash, Jai

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) e24808

Abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive tumor type with a dismal survival rate, has a poor outcome which is at least partly attributed to the crosstalk between cancer cells and cells from the tumor microenvironment such as astrocytes and ... ...

Abstract	Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive tumor type with a dismal survival rate, has a poor outcome which is at least partly attributed to the crosstalk between cancer cells and cells from the tumor microenvironment such as astrocytes and microglia. We aimed to decipher the effect of these cells on GBM progression and on cell-based therapies using 3D co-cultures. Co-culturing of glioblastoma cells with patient-derived astrocytes or microglia or both formed dense and heterogeneous spheroids. Both, astrocytes and microglia, enhanced the spheroid growth rate and formed a physical barrier for macromolecules penetration, while only astrocytes enhanced the migration. Interestingly bi-/tri-cultured spheroids showed significant resistance against NK-92 cells, likely attributed to dense stroma and induced expression of immunosuppressive genes such as IDO1 or PTGES2. Altogether, our novel 3D GBM spheroid model recapitulates the cell-to-cell interactions of human glioblastoma and can serve as a suitable platform for evaluating cancer therapeutics.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24808
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Article ; Online: Donor Strength Determination of Anionic Ligands.

Huynh, Han Vinh / Leung, Jia Nuo / Lam, Truc Tien

Inorganic chemistry

2023 Volume 62, Issue 34, Page(s) 13902–13909

Abstract: 14 new gold(I) NHC complexes of the type [AuX( ...

Abstract	14 new gold(I) NHC complexes of the type [AuX(
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1484438-2
ISSN	1520-510X ; 0020-1669
ISSN (online)	1520-510X
ISSN	0020-1669
DOI	10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01811
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Article: Abrus precatorius Leaf Extract Stimulates Insulin-mediated Muscle Glucose Uptake: In vitro Studies and Phytochemical Analysis

Lankatillake, Chintha / Huynh, Tien / Dias, Daniel A

Planta Medica

2024 Volume 90, Issue 05, Page(s) 388–396

Abstract	Diabetes mellitus, linked with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, is a leading cause of mortality. Glucose uptake through glucose transporter type 4, especially in skeletal muscle, is crucial for maintaining euglycaemia and is a key pathway targeted by antidiabetic medication. Abrus precatorius is a medicinal plant with demonstrated antihyperglycaemic activity in animal models, but its mechanisms are unclear. This study evaluated the effect of a 50% ethanolic ( v/v A. precatorius leaf extract on (1) insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and (2) related gene expression in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using rosiglitazone as a positive control, and (3) generated a comprehensive phytochemical profile of A. precatorius leaf extract using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to elucidate its antidiabetic compounds. A. precatorius leaf extract significantly increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt substrate of 160 kDa gene expression; however, it had no effect on glucose transporter type 4 gene expression. At 250 µg/mL A. precatorius leaf extract, the increase in glucose uptake was significantly higher than 1 µM rosiglitazone. Fifty-five phytochemicals (primarily polyphenols, triterpenoids, saponins, and alkaloids) were putatively identified, including 24 that have not previously been reported from A. precatorius leaves. Abrusin, precatorin I, glycyrrhizin, hemiphloin, isohemiphloin, hispidulin 4′- O β -D-glucopyranoside, homoplantaginin, and cirsimaritin were putatively identified as known major compounds previously reported from A. precatorius leaf extract. A. precatorius leaves contain antidiabetic phytochemicals and enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in myotubes via the protein kinase B/phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway by regulating insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt substrate of 160 kDa gene expression. Therefore, A. precatorius leaves may improve skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and hyperglycaemia. Additionally, it is a valuable source of bioactive phytochemicals with potential therapeutic use for diabetes.
Keywords	Fabaceae ; diabetes mellitus ; LC-HRMS ; hyperglycaemia ; GLUT4
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publisher	Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	123545-x
ISSN	1439-0221 ; 0032-0943
ISSN (online)	1439-0221
ISSN	0032-0943
DOI	10.1055/a-2281-0988
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article: Lipectomy for madelung disease using tumescent technique: a cross-sectional study.

Duc, Nguyen Quang / Tien, Nguyen Phuong / Tu, Nguyen Thanh / Huynh, Hoang Ngoc / Linh, Le Diep

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)

2023 Volume 85, Issue 6, Page(s) 2550–2558

Abstract: Madelung's disease is a rare disfiguring disorder that affects both function and esthetic appearance in the head and/or shoulder, neck, and arms regions. Lipectomy is typically necessary but such treatment can encounter difficulties due to the large ... ...

Abstract	Madelung's disease is a rare disfiguring disorder that affects both function and esthetic appearance in the head and/or shoulder, neck, and arms regions. Lipectomy is typically necessary but such treatment can encounter difficulties due to the large sizes of the tumors, interspersed with important organs in the surrounding region. In this report, the authors evaluate the effectiveness of using tumescent solution in lipectomy to provide a dual treatment of tissue removal for Madelung disease in the head-and-neck region. Methods: A prospective study and clinical descriptions were conducted on 17 patients undergoing 26 head-and-neck lipectomies. A tumescent solution was injected into the surgical region with a blunt-tip cannula 5-10 min before skin incision. The authors recorded systemic manifestations both during and after surgery; tumescent volume; surgical region; clarity of the operative field; weight of fat removed, and early complications. After surgery, the authors followed the patients from periods of 3 months to 4 years. Results: All 17 male patients had a history of alcoholism. In total, 12 lipectomies for the removal of anterior neck fatty masses and 14 lipectomies for the removal of posterior neck fatty masses were performed. The average amount of tumescent injected was 260.1 ml (range 140-550 ml). Surgery was reported as totally bloodless in 10 (38.5%) operative fields, with minimum bleeding in 12 (46.1%) operative fields, acceptable bleeding in four (15.4%) operative fields. The average surgical time was 175.6 min (range 135-250 min). The removed fatty masses weighed between 250 and 2150 g, with an average of 582.9 g. Early complications were seen in four patients, accounting for 15.4% (2 hematoma, 1 skin necrosis, and 1 seroma). Conclusions: Using tumescent solution in lipectomies to treat Madelung disease in the head and neck area is a simple, safe, and useful technique. The technique helps to create a clean operative field, reduces bleeding, and thereby assists surgeons during the operation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2745440-X
ISSN	2049-0801
ISSN	2049-0801
DOI	10.1097/MS9.0000000000000806
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Insights into SARS-CoV-2's Mutations for Evading Human Antibodies: Sacrifice and Survival.

Luan, Binquan / Huynh, Tien

Journal of medicinal chemistry

2021 Volume 65, Issue 4, Page(s) 2820–2826

Abstract: The highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 that first emerged in South Africa with triple mutations (N501Y, K417N, and E484K) is globally worrisome. It is known that N501Y and E484K can enhance binding between the coronavirus receptor domain (RBD) ... ...

Abstract	The highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 that first emerged in South Africa with triple mutations (N501Y, K417N, and E484K) is globally worrisome. It is known that N501Y and E484K can enhance binding between the coronavirus receptor domain (RBD) and human ACE2. However, the K417N mutation appears to be unfavorable as it removes one interfacial salt bridge. Here, we show that despite the decrease in binding affinity (1.48 kcal/mol) between RBD and ACE2, the K417N mutation abolishes a buried interfacial salt bridge between the RBD and neutralizing antibody CB6. This substantially reduces their binding energy by 9.59 kcal/mol, thus facilitating the process by which the variant efficiently eludes CB6 (including many other antibodies). Our theoretical predictions agree with existing experimental findings. Harnessing the revealed molecular mechanisms makes it possible to redesign therapeutic antibodies, thus making them more efficacious.
MeSH term(s)	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/immunology ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; ACE2 protein, human (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218133-2
ISSN	1520-4804 ; 0022-2623
ISSN (online)	1520-4804
ISSN	0022-2623
DOI	10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00311
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Article ; Online: Crystal-structures-guided design of fragment-based drugs for inhibiting the main protease of SARS-CoV-2.

Luan, Binquan / Huynh, Tien

Proteins

2021 Volume 90, Issue 5, Page(s) 1081–1089

Abstract: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists across the globe are racing to find a cure for the highly contagious infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Despite many promising ongoing progress, there are currently no FDA approved ... ...

Abstract	Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists across the globe are racing to find a cure for the highly contagious infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Despite many promising ongoing progress, there are currently no FDA approved drug to treat infected patients. Recently, the crowdsourcing of drug discovery for inhibiting the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 have yielded a plenty of drug fragments resolved inside the active site of Mpro via the crystallography method. Following the principle of fragment-based drug design (FBDD), we are motivated to design a potent drug candidate (named B19) by merging three fragments JFM, U0P, and HWH. Through extensive all-atom molecular dynamics simulation and molecular docking, we found that B19 among all designed ones is most stable inside the Mpro's active site and the binding free energy of B19 is comparable to or even a little better than that of a native protein ligand processed by Mpro. Our promising results suggest that B19 and its derivatives can potentially be efficacious drug candidates for COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Pandemics ; Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism ; Protease Inhibitors/chemistry ; Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Protease Inhibitors ; Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.-) ; Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	806683-8
ISSN	1097-0134 ; 0887-3585
ISSN (online)	1097-0134
ISSN	0887-3585
DOI	10.1002/prot.26260
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Article: Effectiveness of Dual-Focus Magnification on Confidence Levels in Optical Diagnosis of Small Colorectal Polyps.

Huynh, Tien M / Le, Quang D / Le, Nhan Q / Le, Huy M / Quach, Duc T

Cureus

2024 Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) e53545

Abstract: Background and objectives Achieving accurate real-time optical diagnoses of colorectal polyps with high-confidence predictions is crucial for appropriate decision-making in daily practice. The dual-focus (DF) magnification mode helps endoscopists ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives Achieving accurate real-time optical diagnoses of colorectal polyps with high-confidence predictions is crucial for appropriate decision-making in daily practice. The dual-focus (DF) magnification mode helps endoscopists scrutinize subtle features of polyp surfaces and vessel patterns. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the impact of DF imaging on enhancing the rate of high-confidence narrow-band imaging (NBI)-based optical diagnosis. Methods Consecutive adult patients who underwent colonoscopy and had small colorectal polyps (<10 mm) were enrolled between September 2022 and May 2023. The optical diagnosis of each polyp was evaluated during colonoscopy in two stages by the same endoscopist, utilizing NBI with DF magnification (NDB-DF). A confidence level was assigned to each prediction. High confidence was indicated by clinical judgment when a polyp exhibited distinctive features associated solely with one histological subtype and lacked characteristics of any other subtype. All procedures were carried out with a prototype 190 series Exera III NBI system (Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) with DF magnification. Results The study included 413 patients with 623 polyps, comprising 483 ≤ 5 mm and 140 measuring 6-9 mm. The majority were low-grade adenomas (343 lesions), with 17 identified as high-grade adenomas, and none characterized as deep submucosal invasive carcinomas. NBI-DF significantly improved the rate of high-confidence optical diagnoses compared to NBI for both ≤ 5 mm polyps (93.1% vs. 87.5%, p < 0.0001) and 6-9 mm polyps (97.9% vs. 94.2%, p = 0.03). Furthermore, DF significantly facilitated the assessment of microvessel and surface pattern criteria (p < 0.01). Conclusion DF magnification markedly enhanced the rate of high-confidence NBI-based optical predictions for small colorectal polyps. This technique demonstrates the potential for improving the diagnostic yield in real-time optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps in the Vietnamese setting.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.53545
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Thermal degradation and flame spread characteristics of epoxy polymer composites incorporating mycelium.

Chulikavit, Nattanan / Huynh, Tien / Khatibi, Akbar / Das, Raj / Kandare, Everson

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 17812

Abstract: Although bioderived flame retardants are environmentally sustainable and less toxic, their impact on the thermal stability and flammability of polymers remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the influence of mycelium on the thermal ... ...

Abstract	Although bioderived flame retardants are environmentally sustainable and less toxic, their impact on the thermal stability and flammability of polymers remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the influence of mycelium on the thermal stability and flame spread characteristics of epoxy through thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the UL94 flammability test, and scanning electron microscopy. We observed a decrease in the maximum mass loss rate temperature when mycelium was incorporated into epoxy, indicating an earlier onset of thermal degradation. The inclusion of mycelium increased char yields above 418 °C due to mycelium's inherent char-forming ability. However, mycelium did not alter the thermal degradation pathway of epoxy. Furthermore, according to the UL94 test results, the incorporation of mycelium reduced the flame spread rate compared to that of neat epoxy. These findings contribute to our understanding of the interaction between bioderived flame retardants and polymers paving the way for the development of more sustainable fireproofing materials.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-45097-0
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Article ; Online: The nematode parasite

Huynh, Tien / O'Halloran, Damien / Hawdon, John / Eleftherianos, Ioannis

microPublication biology

2023 Volume 2023

Abstract: Entomopathogenic nematodes are commonly used to control insect pest populations in the field. They also contribute substantially to understanding the molecular basis of nematode pathogenicity and insect anti-nematode immunity. Here, we tested the effect ... ...

Abstract	Entomopathogenic nematodes are commonly used to control insect pest populations in the field. They also contribute substantially to understanding the molecular basis of nematode pathogenicity and insect anti-nematode immunity. Here, we tested the effect of the entomopathogenic nematode
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2578-9430
ISSN (online)	2578-9430
DOI	10.17912/micropub.biology.000944
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