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Article: Awareness, Practices, Attitudes, And Barriers Of Telehealth In Saudi Arabia.

Alharbi, Raed Abdullah

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2023 Volume 73, Issue 8, Page(s) 1658–1662

Abstract: Objective: To assess awareness level, practices, attitudes and barriers regarding telehealth among healthcare providers (HCPs) in Saudi Arabia.: Methods: This cross-sectional study was approved by institutional review board (IRB) at King Fahad ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To assess awareness level, practices, attitudes and barriers regarding telehealth among healthcare providers (HCPs) in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was approved by institutional review board (IRB) at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from June 28 to September 18, 2022, and comprised HCPs at different hospitals across the country. Data was collected using an online questionnaire exploring the awareness level, practices, attitudes and barriers regarding telehealth. Data was analysed using Statistical Analysis System 9.4. Results: Of the 607 HCPs, 525(86.5%) were Saudi HCPs; 301(57.33%) males and 224(42.66%) females, with the largest age group being 31-40 years 218(41.52%). The remaining 82(13.5%) HCPs were non-Saudi HCPs; 43(52.43%) males and 39(47.56%) females, with the largest age group being 31-40 years 35(42.68%). Overall, there were 305(50.24%) health practitioners and most of the HCPs belonged to the Riyadh region 194(31.96%). 549(90.44%) of HCPs were aware of telehealth, while 360(59.30%) were actually practicing it. Also, 488(80.39%) of HCPs believed that telehealth is a valid technology, while 443(72.98%) believed telehealth is a reliable technology. Conclusion: Awareness regarding telehealth was high among HCPs meaning telehealth are progressively growing and spreading among HCPs and medical facilities in Saudi Arabia, who also found it valid and reliable.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Saudi Arabia ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Telemedicine ; Health Facilities ; Attitude
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-12
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA.8263
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Adoption of electronic health records in Saudi Arabia hospitals

Raed Abdullah Alharbi

Journal of King Saud University: Science, Vol 35, Iss 2, Pp 102470- (2023)

Knowledge and usage

1480

Abstract: Background: Saudi Arabia is paying a high attention to medically serve patients through advanced healthcare including: electronic health records (EHR). It is an electronic version of patient medical history that may incorporate essential administrative, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Saudi Arabia is paying a high attention to medically serve patients through advanced healthcare including: electronic health records (EHR). It is an electronic version of patient medical history that may incorporate essential administrative, clinical, laboratorial, radiological information. Locally, there were many researches and studies conducted to measure the awareness and implementation of e-health technologies including EHRs in Saudi Arabia. However, the aim of this research is to investigate the knowledge and usage levels of EHRs among different health care providers in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: By using a survey, this cross-sectional study is conducted to examine the knowledge and usage levels of EHRs among different health care providers at different sized hospitals from different provinces in Saudi Arabia. Statistical Analysis System software was employed in this study's analysis. Results: There were 521 participants from different healthcare occupations involved to examine the knowledge and usage levels of EHRs in Saudi Arabia. 84.84 % of those participants are Saudis while 15.16 % of them are non-Saudis. 54.52 % of the participants are males while 45.48 % of them are females. Most participants were in the age group 31–40 years. Conclusions: It is showing a high rate of knowledge and usage levels among both Saudi and non-Saudi healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia. Also, the using of EHRs for patients’ services in hospitals have been increased including: laboratory reports, medication prescription, following up, and hospitalization. However, there might be a little lack of participants' skills of using EHRs because of the lack of attending training programs of EHRs.
Keywords	EHR ; Healthcare Technology ; Health Informatics ; Public Health ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
Subject code	027
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Awareness, practices, attitudes, and barriers of telehealth in Saudi Arabia

Raed Abdullah Alharbi

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association (2023)

2023

Abstract: Objective: To assess awareness level, practices, attitudes and barriers regarding telehealth among healthcare providers (HCPs) in Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was approved by institutional review board (IRB) at King Fahad Medical City, ...

Abstract	Objective: To assess awareness level, practices, attitudes and barriers regarding telehealth among healthcare providers (HCPs) in Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was approved by institutional review board (IRB) at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from June 28 to September 18, 2022, and comprised HCPs at different hospitals across the country. Data was collected using an online questionnaire exploring the awareness level, practices, attitudes and barriers regarding telehealth. Data was analysed using Statistical Analysis System 9.4. Results: Of the 607 HCPs, 525(86.5%) were Saudi HCPs; 301(57.33%) males and 224(42.66%) females, with the largest age group being 31-40 years 218(41.52%). The remaining 82(13.5%) HCPs were non-Saudi HCPs; 43(52.43%) males and 39(47.56%) females, with the largest age group being 31-45 years 35(42.68%). Overall, there were 305(50.24%) health practitioners and most of the HCPs belonged to the Riyadh region 194(31.96%). (549)90.44% of HCPs were aware of telehealth, while (360)59.30% were actually practicing it. Also, (488)80.39% of HCPs believed that telehealth is a valid technology, while (443)72.98% believed telehealth is a reliable technology. Conclusion: Awareness regarding telehealth was high among HCPs meaning telehealth are progressively growing and spreading among HCPs and medical facilities in Saudi Arabia, who also found it valid and reliable. Key Words: Telehealth, Public health, Healthcare, Medical services, Health Informatics.
Keywords	Telehealth ; Public health ; Healthcare ; Medical services ; Health Informatics ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pakistan Medical Association
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Intersection of genomics and health informatics approaches in identification of diseases’ biomarkers

Raed Abdullah Alharbi

Journal of King Saud University: Science, Vol 34, Iss 7, Pp 102264- (2022)

2022

Abstract: Genomes are one of the most essential sensitive molecular biomarkers that are used to be discovered in a very small amount in a sample to identify a specific type of diseases. Since genomics is the science that studies structures, interactions, and ... ...

Abstract	Genomes are one of the most essential sensitive molecular biomarkers that are used to be discovered in a very small amount in a sample to identify a specific type of diseases. Since genomics is the science that studies structures, interactions, and functions of all genomes, genomics approach is used to identify genomes as diseases’ biomarkers. However, health informatics approach, especially bioinformatics, has a main rule in data analysis. The purpose of this review is to describe briefly the technologies and methods that are used in both genomics and health informatics approaches to identify these biomarkers. Therefore, this paper is based on a computerized database search. In genomics approach, after collecting samples, first start with extraction and purification of DNA to get a purified DNA that is extracted from the nucleus of cells. Then, DNA amplification is to produce many copies of a specific DNA sequence. Next is sequencing of DNA to determine and read the sequence of nucleic acid sequence in DNA. Once the DNA sequence is determined, the following procedure is the health informatics approach and called bioinformatics pipeline steps, which is DNA data analysis steps. Finally, there are several different techniques and methods of genomics approach to identify a genome as a disease’s biomarker. However, next generation techniques and methods whether extraction, purification, amplification, and sequencing of DNA or bioinformatics pipeline are more accurate, faster, and cheaper from other generation sequencing of genomic approach.
Keywords	Genomics ; Health Informatics ; Bioinformatics ; Biomarkers Identification ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Proteomics approach and techniques in identification of reliable biomarkers for diseases.

Alharbi, Raed Abdullah

Saudi journal of biological sciences

2020 Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 968–974

Abstract: Biomarkers, also called biological markers, are indicators to identify a biological case or situation as well as detecting any presence of biological activities and processes. Proteins are considered as a type of biomarkers based on their characteristics. ...

Abstract	Biomarkers, also called biological markers, are indicators to identify a biological case or situation as well as detecting any presence of biological activities and processes. Proteins are considered as a type of biomarkers based on their characteristics. Therefore, proteomics approach is one of the most promising approaches in this field. The purpose of this review is to summarize the use of proteomics approach and techniques to identify proteins as biomarkers for different diseases. This review was obtained by searching in a computerized database. So, different researches and studies that used proteomics approach to identify different biomarkers for different diseases were reviewed. Also, techniques of proteomics that are used to identify proteins as biomarkers were collected. Techniques and methods of proteomics approach are used for the identification of proteins' activities and presence as biomarkers for different types of diseases from different types of samples. There are three essential steps of this approach including: extraction and separation of proteins, identification of proteins, and verification of proteins. Finally, clinical trials for new discovered biomarker or undefined biomarker would be on.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-27
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2515206-3
ISSN	2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
ISSN (online)	2213-7106
ISSN	1319-562X
DOI	10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.01.020
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Structure insights of SARS-CoV-2 open state envelope protein and inhibiting through active phytochemical of ayurvedic medicinal plants from

Abdullah Alharbi, Raed

Saudi journal of biological sciences

2021 Volume 28, Issue 6, Page(s) 3594–3601

Abstract: Coronaviruses have been causing pandemic situations across the globe for the past two decades and the focus is on identifying suitable novel targets for antivirals and vaccine development. SARS-CoV-2 encodes a small hydrophobic envelope (E) protein that ... ...

Abstract	Coronaviruses have been causing pandemic situations across the globe for the past two decades and the focus is on identifying suitable novel targets for antivirals and vaccine development. SARS-CoV-2 encodes a small hydrophobic envelope (E) protein that mediates envelope formation, budding, replication, and release of progeny viruses from the host. Through this study, the SARS-CoV-2 E protein is studied for its open and closed state and focused in identifying antiviral herbs used in traditional medicine practices for COVID-19 infections. In this study using computational tools, we docked the shortlisted phytochemicals with the envelope protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the results hint that these compounds interact with the pore-lining residues. The molecular level understanding of the open state is considered and the active inhibitors from the phytochemicals of Ayurvedic medicinal plants from Withania somnifera. We have thus identified a potential phytochemical compound that directly binds with the pore region of the E protein and thereby blocks its channel activity. Blocking the ion channel activity of E protein is directly related to the inhibition of virus replication. The study shows encouraging results on the usage of these phytochemicals in the treatment/management of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-18
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2515206-3
ISSN	2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
ISSN (online)	2213-7106
ISSN	1319-562X
DOI	10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.036
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Article ; Online: Structure insights of SARS-CoV-2 open state envelope protein and inhibiting through active phytochemical of ayurvedic medicinal plants from Withania somnifera

Raed Abdullah Alharbi

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 28, Iss 6, Pp 3594-

2021 Volume 3601

Abstract	Coronaviruses have been causing pandemic situations across the globe for the past two decades and the focus is on identifying suitable novel targets for antivirals and vaccine development. SARS-CoV-2 encodes a small hydrophobic envelope (E) protein that mediates envelope formation, budding, replication, and release of progeny viruses from the host. Through this study, the SARS-CoV-2 E protein is studied for its open and closed state and focused in identifying antiviral herbs used in traditional medicine practices for COVID-19 infections. In this study using computational tools, we docked the shortlisted phytochemicals with the envelope protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the results hint that these compounds interact with the pore-lining residues. The molecular level understanding of the open state is considered and the active inhibitors from the phytochemicals of Ayurvedic medicinal plants from Withania somnifera. We have thus identified a potential phytochemical compound that directly binds with the pore region of the E protein and thereby blocks its channel activity. Blocking the ion channel activity of E protein is directly related to the inhibition of virus replication. The study shows encouraging results on the usage of these phytochemicals in the treatment/management of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; Protein ; Withania somnifera ; Protein Informatics ; Bioinformatics ; Public Health ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Proteomics approach and techniques in identification of reliable biomarkers for diseases

Raed Abdullah Alharbi

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 27, Iss 3, Pp 968-

2020 Volume 974

Abstract	Biomarkers, also called biological markers, are indicators to identify a biological case or situation as well as detecting any presence of biological activities and processes. Proteins are considered as a type of biomarkers based on their characteristics. Therefore, proteomics approach is one of the most promising approaches in this field. The purpose of this review is to summarize the use of proteomics approach and techniques to identify proteins as biomarkers for different diseases. This review was obtained by searching in a computerized database. So, different researches and studies that used proteomics approach to identify different biomarkers for different diseases were reviewed. Also, techniques of proteomics that are used to identify proteins as biomarkers were collected. Techniques and methods of proteomics approach are used for the identification of proteins' activities and presence as biomarkers for different types of diseases from different types of samples. There are three essential steps of this approach including: extraction and separation of proteins, identification of proteins, and verification of proteins. Finally, clinical trials for new discovered biomarker or undefined biomarker would be on. Keywords: Proteomics, Diseases biomarkers, Biological markers, Protein informatics, Bioinformatics
Keywords	Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Evaluation of the health status outcome among inpatients treated for Amphetamine Addiction.

Alharbi, Raed Saud / Alhowail, Ahmad Hamad / Alharbi, Abdullah Ghareeb / Emara, Ashraf Mahmoud

Saudi journal of biological sciences

2021 Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 1465–1476

Abstract: Amphetamine is one of the most abuser drugs in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to evaluate health status outcome at baseline and after detoxification in amphetamine users through the evaluation of the body mass index, renal function tests, ... ...

Abstract	Amphetamine is one of the most abuser drugs in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to evaluate health status outcome at baseline and after detoxification in amphetamine users through the evaluation of the body mass index, renal function tests, cardiac biomarkers, gonadal hormonal levels, and oxidative stress markers. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 90 participants. Sixty participants were hospitalized patients for treatment of addiction and 30 participants were healthy volunteers. This study was performed at a psychiatric and rehabilitation center, in Qassim region, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Participants were divided into: group I = control; group II = amphetamine users and group III = amphetamine plus cannabis users. Socio-demographic data was collected. The urinary amphetamine level, Severity Dependence Scale (SDS), body mass index (BMI), vital signs; serum levels of troponin T (TnT), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG), luteinizing Hormone (LH), testosterone Hormone (TSTS), urea, creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were measured on admission and after detoxification. The results showed that the BMI was significantly decreased while, vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate were significantly increased in all abusers and returned to normal values after the detoxification period. The cardiac biomarker troponin T was significantly increased and reversed after detoxification. The immune system was evaluated through assessing serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG. The immune system remained immunocompromised in drug users, and IgM and IgG levels did not reach the level of control group after treatment. Luteinizing and testosterone hormones were evaluated. Both hormones were increased on admission and improved after the detoxification period. Renal function showed no significant differences between drug users and the control group. In the evaluation of the antioxidant system, there was a significant increase in serum MDA, SOD, GPx, and CAT levels compared to healthy controls. After the detoxification phase, these oxidative stress biomarkers still remained elevated. The current results have shown the addiction of amphetamine and cannabis exert detrimental effects on different body organs and the exert major consequences on the health status of drug users. The present study showed that, there was no improvement in the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, although an improvement was observed in the other parameters after the detoxification phase.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-23
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2515206-3
ISSN	2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
ISSN (online)	2213-7106
ISSN	1319-562X
DOI	10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.025
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the health status outcome among inpatients treated for Amphetamine Addiction

Raed Saud Alharbi / Ahmad Hamad Alhowail / Abdullah Ghareeb Alharbi / Ashraf Mahmoud Emara

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 29, Iss 3, Pp 1465-

2022 Volume 1476

Abstract	Amphetamine is one of the most abuser drugs in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to evaluate health status outcome at baseline and after detoxification in amphetamine users through the evaluation of the body mass index, renal function tests, cardiac biomarkers, gonadal hormonal levels, and oxidative stress markers. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 90 participants. Sixty participants were hospitalized patients for treatment of addiction and 30 participants were healthy volunteers. This study was performed at a psychiatric and rehabilitation center, in Qassim region, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Participants were divided into: group I = control; group II = amphetamine users and group III = amphetamine plus cannabis users. Socio-demographic data was collected. The urinary amphetamine level, Severity Dependence Scale (SDS), body mass index (BMI), vital signs; serum levels of troponin T (TnT), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG), luteinizing Hormone (LH), testosterone Hormone (TSTS), urea, creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were measured on admission and after detoxification. The results showed that the BMI was significantly decreased while, vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate were significantly increased in all abusers and returned to normal values after the detoxification period. The cardiac biomarker troponin T was significantly increased and reversed after detoxification. The immune system was evaluated through assessing serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG. The immune system remained immunocompromised in drug users, and IgM and IgG levels did not reach the level of control group after treatment. Luteinizing and testosterone hormones were evaluated. Both hormones were increased on admission and improved after the detoxification period. Renal function showed no significant differences between drug users and the control group. In the evaluation of the antioxidant system, ...
Keywords	Health status ; Outcome ; Inpatients ; Amphetamine ; Addiction ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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