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Article ; Online: Structure of the Pandemic.

Kearns, Sarah

Structure (London, England : 1993)

2020 Volume 28, Issue 8, Page(s) 874–878

Abstract: During global pandemics, the spread of information needs to be faster than the spread of the virus in order to ensure the health and safety of human populations worldwide. In our current crisis, the demand for SARS-CoV-2 drugs and vaccines highlights the ...

Abstract	During global pandemics, the spread of information needs to be faster than the spread of the virus in order to ensure the health and safety of human populations worldwide. In our current crisis, the demand for SARS-CoV-2 drugs and vaccines highlights the importance of biological targets and their three-dimensional shape. In particular, structural biology as a field was poised to quickly respond to crises due to previous experience and expertise and because of its early adoption of open access practices.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/chemistry ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/chemistry ; Databases, Protein ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Biology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; Protein Conformation ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/chemistry ; Viral Proteins/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; Viral Proteins ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.48) ; NSP12 protein, SARS-CoV-2 (EC 2.7.7.48) ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.48) ; Cysteine Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases (EC 3.4.22.28)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1213087-4
ISSN	1878-4186 ; 0969-2126
ISSN (online)	1878-4186
ISSN	0969-2126
DOI	10.1016/j.str.2020.07.007
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Article: Structure of the Pandemic

Kearns, Sarah

Structure

Abstract	During global pandemics, the spread of information needs to be faster than the spread of the virus in order to ensure the health and safety of human populations worldwide. In our current crisis, the demand for SARS-CoV-2 drugs and vaccines highlights the importance of biological targets and their three-dimensional shape. In particular, structural biology as a field was poised to quickly respond to crises due to previous experience and expertise and because of its early adoption of open access practices.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #692175
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Sex differences in cognitive decline among middle-aged and older adults: a cohort study in Europe.

Wolfova, Katrin / Frycova, Barbora / Seblova, Dominika / Tom, Sarah / Skirbekk, Vegard Fykse / Brennan Kearns, Pavla

Age and ageing

2024 Volume 53, Issue 4

Abstract: Objectives: Previous studies on sex differences in cognitive decline provide inconsistent findings, with many European countries being underrepresented. We determined the association between sex and cognitive decline in a sample of Europeans and ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Previous studies on sex differences in cognitive decline provide inconsistent findings, with many European countries being underrepresented. We determined the association between sex and cognitive decline in a sample of Europeans and explored differences across birth cohorts and regions. Methods: Participants 50+ years old enrolled in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe had their cognition measured by tests of immediate recall, delayed recall and verbal fluency biennially up to 17 years of follow-up (median 6, interquartile range 3-9 years). We used linear mixed-effects models to assess the relationship between sex and the rate of cognitive decline, adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Results: Of 66,670 participants (mean baseline age 63.5 ± standard deviation 9.4), 55% were female. Males and females had similar rates of decline in the whole sample in immediate recall (beta for interaction sex × time B = 0.002, 95% CI -0.001 to 0.006), delayed recall (B = 0.000, 95% CI -0.004 to 0.004), and verbal fluency (B = 0.008, 95% CI -0.005 to 0.020). Females born before World War II had a faster rate of decline in immediate recall and delayed recall compared to males, while females born during or after World War II had a slower rate of decline in immediate recall. Females in Central and Eastern Europe had a slower rate of cognitive decline in delayed recall compared to males. Discussion: Our study does not provide strong evidence of sex differences in cognitive decline among older Europeans. However, we identified heterogeneity across birth cohorts and regions.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Sex Characteristics ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology ; Aging/psychology ; Cognition ; Europe/epidemiology ; Longitudinal Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	186788-x
ISSN	1468-2834 ; 0002-0729
ISSN (online)	1468-2834
ISSN	0002-0729
DOI	10.1093/ageing/afae078
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Zs.A 877: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 448: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Safety and efficacy of a probiotic cocktail containing

Lennon, Sarah / Lackie, Thomas / Miltko, Adriana / Kearns, Zoey C / Paquette, Maxime R / Bloomer, Richard J / Wang, Anyou / van der Merwe, Marie

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme

2024

Abstract: Probiotics are increasingly used to treat conditions associated with gastrointestinal injury and permeability, including exercise-induced gastrointestinal discomfort. This study assessed safety and efficacy of a probiotic in altering the intestinal ... ...

Abstract	Probiotics are increasingly used to treat conditions associated with gastrointestinal injury and permeability, including exercise-induced gastrointestinal discomfort. This study assessed safety and efficacy of a probiotic in altering the intestinal milieu and mitigating gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) in endurance runners. In a double blind, crossover study, 16 runners were randomized to 4 weeks of daily supplementation with a probiotic cocktail containing
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2236708-1
ISSN	1715-5320 ; 1715-5312
ISSN (online)	1715-5320
ISSN	1715-5312
DOI	10.1139/apnm-2023-0449
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Article ; Online: Intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence navigation in a robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for a large renal cell carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney.

Holmes, Angela / Tissot, Sophie / O'Neill, Sarah / Kearns, Paul

BMJ case reports

2022 Volume 15, Issue 6

Abstract: A man in his 60s was referred to the urology department with an incidental finding of large 75 mm mass within a horseshoe kidney. CT imaging highlighted the well-known aberrant arterial anatomy seen in horseshoe kidney which often causes significant ... ...

Abstract	A man in his 60s was referred to the urology department with an incidental finding of large 75 mm mass within a horseshoe kidney. CT imaging highlighted the well-known aberrant arterial anatomy seen in horseshoe kidney which often causes significant surgical challenges.After careful preoperative planning, the mass was resected successfully during a robot-assisted partial nephrectomy. Intraoperatively, indocyanine green fluorescence navigation helped to confirm arteries supplying area of resection were appropriately clamped, allowing for safe resection of the mass. Histology revealed a chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with clear margins. The patient was discharged on day 4 postoperatively and continues to be cancer free on routine surveillance imaging.
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery ; Fluorescence ; Fused Kidney/surgery ; Humans ; Indocyanine Green ; Kidney Neoplasms/complications ; Kidney Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Kidney Neoplasms/surgery ; Male ; Nephrectomy/methods ; Robotics
Chemical Substances	Indocyanine Green (IX6J1063HV)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2021-248323
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Article ; Online: Cocaine and heroin interact differently with nondrug reinforcers in a choice situation.

Beasley, Madeline M / Amantini, Sarah / Gunawan, Tommy / Silberberg, Alan / Kearns, David N

Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

2023 Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 158–172

Abstract: The present study used a rat choice model to test how cocaine or heroin economically interacted with two different nondrug reinforcers along the substitute-to-complement continuum. In Experiment 1, the nondrug alternative was the negative reinforcer ... ...

Abstract	The present study used a rat choice model to test how cocaine or heroin economically interacted with two different nondrug reinforcers along the substitute-to-complement continuum. In Experiment 1, the nondrug alternative was the negative reinforcer timeout-from-avoidance (TOA)-that is, rats could press a lever to obtain a period of safety from footshock. One group of rats chose between cocaine and TOA and another group chose between heroin and TOA. The relative prices of the reinforcers were manipulated across phases while controlling for potential income effects. When cocaine was the reinforcer, rats reacted to price changes by increasing their allocation of behavior to the more expensive option, thereby maintaining relatively proportional intake of cocaine and TOA reinforcers across prices, suggesting these reinforcers were complements here. In contrast, when heroin became relatively cheap, rats increased allocation of income to heroin and decreased allocation of income to TOA, suggesting that heroin substituted for safety. Additionally, rats were willing to accept more footshocks when heroin was easily available. In Experiment 2, the nondrug alternative was saccharin, a positive reinforcer. Heroin and saccharin were complements, but there was no consistent effect of price changes on the allocation of behavior between cocaine and saccharin. As a model of the processes that could be involved in human drug use, these results show that drug-taking behavior depends on the type of drug, the type of nondrug alternative available, and the prices of both. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Rats ; Animals ; Heroin/pharmacology ; Saccharin/pharmacology ; Choice Behavior ; Self Administration ; Cocaine/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Heroin (70D95007SX) ; Saccharin (FST467XS7D) ; Cocaine (I5Y540LHVR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1209960-0
ISSN	1936-2293 ; 1064-1297
ISSN (online)	1936-2293
ISSN	1064-1297
DOI	10.1037/pha0000674
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Article ; Online: The braided river of health geography.

Lovell, Sarah / Ergler, Christina / Kearns, Robin / Wiles, Janine / Witten, Karen

Social science & medicine (1982)

2021 Volume 288, Page(s) 114370

MeSH term(s)	Geography ; Humans ; Rivers
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	4766-1
ISSN	1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
ISSN (online)	1873-5347
ISSN	0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
DOI	10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114370
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Article: High-resolution cryo-EM using beam-image shift at 200 keV.

Cash, Jennifer N / Kearns, Sarah / Li, Yilai / Cianfrocco, Michael A

IUCrJ

2020 Volume 7, Issue Pt 6, Page(s) 1179–1187

Abstract: Recent advances in single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) data collection utilize beam-image shift to improve throughput. Despite implementation on 300 keV cryo-EM instruments, it remains unknown how well beam-image-shift data collection ... ...

Abstract	Recent advances in single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) data collection utilize beam-image shift to improve throughput. Despite implementation on 300 keV cryo-EM instruments, it remains unknown how well beam-image-shift data collection affects data quality on 200 keV instruments and the extent to which aberrations can be computationally corrected. To test this, a cryo-EM data set for aldolase was collected at 200 keV using beam-image shift and analyzed. This analysis shows that the instrument beam tilt and particle motion initially limited the resolution to 4.9 Å. After particle polishing and iterative rounds of aberration correction in
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2754953-7
ISSN	2052-2525
ISSN	2052-2525
DOI	10.1107/S2052252520013482
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Article ; Online: Linear Muscle Segmentation for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Changes in Clinic-Friendly Estimation Predict Survival Following Cytoreductive Nephrectomy.

Nicaise, Edouard H / Schmeusser, Benjamin N / Ali, Adil / Midenberg, Eric / Palacios, Arnold R / Hartsoe, Blaise / Kearns, Ethan / Ambadi, Sriram / Patil, Dattatraya H / Joshi, Shreyas S / Narayan, Vikram M / Psutka, Sarah P / Nazha, Bassel / Brown, Jacqueline T / Ogan, Kenneth / Bilen, Mehmet A / Master, Viraj A

Clinical genitourinary cancer

2024 , Page(s) 102056

Abstract: Introduction: Baseline sarcopenia and postoperative changes in muscle mass are independently associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) undergoing cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN). Here we examine the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Baseline sarcopenia and postoperative changes in muscle mass are independently associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) undergoing cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN). Here we examine the relationships between preoperative (baseline), postoperative changes in muscle quantity, and survival outcomes following CN as determined by linear segmentation, a clinic-friendly tool that rapidly estimates muscle mass. Materials and methods: Our nephrectomy database was reviewed for patients with metastatic disease who underwent CN for RCC. Linear segmentation of the bilateral psoas/paraspinal muscles was completed for baseline imaging within 60 days of surgery and imaging 30 to 365 days postoperatively. Kruskal-Wallis for numerical and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables were used to test for differences between groups according to percent change in linear muscle index (LMI, cm Results: From 2004-2020, 205 patients were included of whom 52 demonstrated stable LMI (25.4%; LMI change < 5% [0Δ]), 60 increase (29.3%; LMI +5% [+Δ]), and 92 decrease (44.9%; LMI -5% [-Δ]). Median time from baseline imaging to surgery was 18 days, and time from surgery to postoperative imaging was 133 days. Median CSS and OS were highest among patients with 0Δ LMI (CSS: 133.6 [0Δ] vs. 61.9 [+Δ] vs. 37.4 [-Δ] months; P = .0018 \|\| OS: 67.2 [0Δ] vs. 54.8 [+Δ] vs. 29.5 [-Δ] months; P = .0007). Stable LMI was a protective factor for CSM (HR 0.48; P = .024) and ACM (HR 0.59; P = .040) on multivariable analysis. Discussion: Change in muscle mass after CN, as measured by the linear muscle segmentation technique, is independently associated with OS and CSS in patients following CN. Of note, lack of change was associated with longer survival.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2225121-2
ISSN	1938-0682 ; 1558-7673
ISSN (online)	1938-0682
ISSN	1558-7673
DOI	10.1016/j.clgc.2024.02.007
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Article ; Online: From parenting skills to adolescent treatment needs: Questions elicited by parents of adolescents discharged from residential treatment.

Kelly, Lourah M / Correia, Nicholas / Kearns, Mika D H / Lang, Sharon G / Yermash, Julia / Guigayoma, John / Helseth, Sarah A / Becker, Sara J

Drug and alcohol dependence reports

2022 Volume 5, Page(s) 100110

Abstract: Background: Despite the utility of parent involvement in continuing care following adolescent residential treatment, parent engagement in traditional office-based treatment is low. In our prior work, we found that parents who had access to a continuing ... ...

Abstract	Background: Despite the utility of parent involvement in continuing care following adolescent residential treatment, parent engagement in traditional office-based treatment is low. In our prior work, we found that parents who had access to a continuing care forum directed questions to a clinical expert and to other parents around five topics: parenting skills; parent support; managing the post-discharge transition; adolescent substance use; family functioning. The current qualitative study elicited questions from parents without access to a continuing care support forum to explore overlapping and new themes. Methods: This study was embedded within the pilot trial of a technology-assisted intervention for parents of adolescents in residential treatment for substance use. Thirty-one parents randomized to residential treatment as usual were asked two prompts at follow-up assessments: what questions they would like to ask a clinical expert and what questions they would like to ask other parents of adolescents discharged from residential care. Thematic analysis identified major themes and subthemes. Results: Twenty-nine parents generated 208 questions. Analyses revealed three themes identified in prior work: parenting skills; parent support; adolescent substance use. Three new themes emerged: adolescent mental health; treatment needs; socialization. Conclusions: The current study identified several distinct needs among parents who did not receive access to a continuing care support forum. Needs identified in this study can inform resources to support parents of adolescents during the post-discharge period. Parents may benefit from convenient access to an experienced clinician for advice on skills and adolescent symptoms, paired with access to parental peer support.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2772-7246
ISSN (online)	2772-7246
DOI	10.1016/j.dadr.2022.100110
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