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Article ; Online: Development of an Online Cardiovascular Pre-participation Screening Tool: The Community and Athletic Cardiovascular Health Network Screening Portal.

Grubic, Nicholas / Johri, Amer M

2023 Volume 39, Issue 7, Page(s) 883–885

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sports ; Cardiovascular System ; Heart ; Mass Screening
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	632813-1
ISSN	1916-7075 ; 0828-282X
ISSN (online)	1916-7075
ISSN	0828-282X
DOI	10.1016/j.cjca.2023.03.008
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Article ; Online: Bridging the Gap: Considerations for the Design of Effective and Tailored Student Mental Health Supports.

Matsushita, Kathryn / Grubic, Nicholas

Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie

2022 Volume 68, Issue 2, Page(s) 130–131

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mental Health ; Students ; Universities
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	304227-3
ISSN	1497-0015 ; 0008-4824 ; 0706-7437
ISSN (online)	1497-0015
ISSN	0008-4824 ; 0706-7437
DOI	10.1177/07067437221125303
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Article ; Online: Heart of the Matter: The Physical and Mental Health Burden of Caregiving for Cardiovascular Patients.

Grubic, Nicholas / Amarasekera, Sonali / Mantella, Laura / Stall, Nathan M

The Canadian journal of cardiology

2023 Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) 351–354

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mental Health ; Cost of Illness ; Cardiovascular System ; Heart ; Mediastinum ; Caregivers/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	632813-1
ISSN	1916-7075 ; 0828-282X
ISSN (online)	1916-7075
ISSN	0828-282X
DOI	10.1016/j.cjca.2023.11.033
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Article ; Online: Patient Involvement in Care, Psychosocial Outcomes, and Quality of Life in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Pilot Study.

Hill, Braeden / Grubic, Nicholas / Liblik, Kiera / Johri, Amer M

CJC open

2023 Volume 6, Issue 3, Page(s) 539–543

Abstract: This cross-sectional study evaluated the impact of patient involvement in care (PIC) on psychosocial outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (n = 34). Patients with low-to-moderate PIC were ... ...

Abstract	This cross-sectional study evaluated the impact of patient involvement in care (PIC) on psychosocial outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (n = 34). Patients with low-to-moderate PIC were older than those with high PIC (66.8 years vs 57.3 years;
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-790X
ISSN (online)	2589-790X
DOI	10.1016/j.cjco.2023.11.002
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Article ; Online: Comparative evaluation of an electrocardiogram workflow model for athletic cardiovascular screening: Primary care network versus sports cardiology interpretation.

Williamson, Matthew D / Grubic, Nicholas / Moulson, Nathaniel / Johri, Amer M

Journal of electrocardiology

2023 Volume 81, Page(s) 36–40

Abstract: Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) testing in pre-participation screening (PPS) remains controversial due to its cost, resource dependency, and the potential for inaccurate interpretations. At most centres, ECGs are conducted internally by providers ... ...

Abstract	Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) testing in pre-participation screening (PPS) remains controversial due to its cost, resource dependency, and the potential for inaccurate interpretations. At most centres, ECGs are conducted internally by providers trained in athletic ECG interpretation. Outsourcing ECG requisitions to an athlete's primary care network (PCN) may reduce institutional demands. This study compared PCN-conducted athletic ECG interpretation to expert sports cardiology interpretation. Methods: This was a retrospective, single-centre chart-review study of all athletes who underwent cardiovascular PPS between 2017 and 2021. All athletes submitted an ECG with their screening package, which was conducted and interpreted within their PCN. All ECGs were reinterpreted by a sports cardiologist using the International Criteria (IC) for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes. Overall, positive, and negative percent agreement were used to compare PCN-conducted ECG interpretation with IC interpretation. Results: A total of 740 athletes submitted a screening package with a valid ECG (mean age: 18.5 years, 39.6% female). PCN-conducted ECGs were interpreted by 181 unique physicians. Among 41 (5.5%) PCN-conducted ECGs that were initially interpreted as abnormal, only 5 (0.7%) were classified as abnormal according to the IC. All PCN-conducted ECGs reported as normal were also classified as normal according to the IC. The overall agreement between PCN-conducted and IC ECG interpretation was 95.1% (positive percent agreement: 100%, negative percent agreement: 95.1%). Conclusions: Normal PCN-conducted athletic ECGs are interpreted with high agreement to the IC. Majority of PCN-conducted ECGs interpreted as abnormal are indeed normal as per the IC. These findings suggest that a PPS workflow model that outsources ECG requisitions to a PCN may be a reliable approach to PPS, all while reducing screening-related institutional costs and resource requirements.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Adolescent ; Male ; Electrocardiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Workflow ; Sports ; Athletes ; Cardiology ; Primary Health Care ; Mass Screening ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410286-1
ISSN	1532-8430 ; 0022-0736
ISSN (online)	1532-8430
ISSN	0022-0736
DOI	10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2023.07.007
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Article ; Online: Public emotions and opinions following the sudden cardiac arrest of a young athlete: A sentiment analysis.

Grubic, Nicholas / Allan, Katherine S / Drezner, Jonathan A / Hill, Braeden / Johri, Amer M

The American journal of emergency medicine

2023 Volume 67, Page(s) 179–181

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sentiment Analysis ; Heart Arrest ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology ; Emotions ; Athletes ; Social Media
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	605890-5
ISSN	1532-8171 ; 0735-6757
ISSN (online)	1532-8171
ISSN	0735-6757
DOI	10.1016/j.ajem.2023.03.015
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Article ; Online: Mediators of the Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review.

Grubic, Nicholas / Hill, Braeden / Allan, Katherine S / Maximova, Katerina / Banack, Hailey R / Del Rios, Marina / Johri, Amer M

The Canadian journal of cardiology

2024

Abstract: Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with poor outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Patient characteristics, care processes, and other contextual factors may mediate the association between SES and survival after OHCA. ... ...

Abstract	Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with poor outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Patient characteristics, care processes, and other contextual factors may mediate the association between SES and survival after OHCA. Interventions that target these mediating factors may reduce disparities in OHCA outcomes across the socioeconomic spectrum. This systematic review identified and quantified mediators of the SES-survival after OHCA association. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science) and grey literature sources were searched from inception to July or August 2023. Observational studies of OHCA patients that conducted mediation analyses to evaluate potential mediators of the association between SES (defined by income, education, occupation, or a composite index) and survival outcomes were included. A total of 10 studies were included in this review. Income (n = 9), education (n = 4), occupation (n = 1), and composite indices (n = 1) were used to define SES. The proportion of OHCA cases that had bystander involvement, presented with an initial shockable rhythm, and survived to hospital discharge or 30 days increased with higher SES. Common mediators of the SES-survival association that were evaluated included initial rhythm (n = 6), emergency medical services response time (n = 5), and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (n = 4). Initial rhythm was the most important mediator of this association, with a median percent excess risk explained of 37.4% (range 28.6%-40.0%; n = 5; 1 study reported no mediation) and mediation proportion of 41.8% (n = 1). To mitigate socioeconomic disparities in outcomes after OHCA, interventions should target potentially modifiable mediators, such as initial rhythm, which may involve improving bystander awareness of OHCA and the need for prompt resuscitation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	632813-1
ISSN	1916-7075 ; 0828-282X
ISSN (online)	1916-7075
ISSN	0828-282X
DOI	10.1016/j.cjca.2024.01.002
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Article ; Online: Community Interventions for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Resource-Limited Settings: A Scoping Review Across Low, Middle, and High-Income Countries.

Grubic, Nicholas / Hill, Braeden / Allan, Katherine S / Dainty, Katie N / Johri, Amer M / Brooks, Steven C

Prehospital emergency care

2023 Volume 27, Issue 8, Page(s) 1088–1100

Abstract: Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major global health challenge, characterized by poor survival outcomes worldwide. Resource-limited settings are burdened with suboptimal emergency response and worse outcomes than high-resource ... ...

Abstract	Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major global health challenge, characterized by poor survival outcomes worldwide. Resource-limited settings are burdened with suboptimal emergency response and worse outcomes than high-resource areas. Engaging the community in the response to OHCA has the potential to improve outcomes, although an overview of community interventions in resource-limited settings has not been provided. Objective: This review evaluated the scope of community-based OHCA interventions in resource-limited settings. Methods: Literature searches in electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials) and grey literature sources were performed. Abstract screening, full-text review, and data extraction of eligible studies were conducted independently by two reviewers. The PCC (Population, Concept, and Context) framework was used to assess study eligibility. Studies that evaluated community-based interventions for laypeople (Population), targeting emergency response activation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), or automated external defibrillator (AED) use (Concept) in resource-limited settings (Context) were included. Resource-limited settings were identified by financial pressures (low-income or lower-middle-income country, according to World Bank data on year of publication) or geographical factors (setting described using keywords indicative of geographical remoteness in upper-middle-income or high-income country). Results: Among 14,810 records identified from literature searches, 60 studies from 28 unique countries were included in this review. Studies were conducted in high-income ( Conclusions: Interventions aimed at improving the community response to OHCA in resource-limited settings differ globally. There is a lack of reported studies from low-income countries and certain continental regions, including South America, Africa, and Oceania. Evaluation of interventions other than CPR and/or AED training in low- and middle-income countries is needed to guide community emergency planning and health policies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/therapy ; Developed Countries ; Emergency Medical Services ; Electric Countershock
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1461751-1
ISSN	1545-0066 ; 1090-3127
ISSN (online)	1545-0066
ISSN	1090-3127
DOI	10.1080/10903127.2023.2231559
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Article ; Online: Outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting with multiple arterial grafting by pump status in men and women.

Rubens, Fraser D / Fremes, Stephen E / Grubic, Nicholas / Fergusson, Dean / Taljaard, Monica / van Walraven, Carl

The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery

2023 Volume 167, Issue 5, Page(s) 1796–1807.e15

Abstract: Background: Multiple arterial grafting (MAG) and off-pump surgery are strategies proposed to improve outcomes with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study was conducted to determine the impact of off-pump surgery on outcomes after CABG with ... ...

Abstract	Background: Multiple arterial grafting (MAG) and off-pump surgery are strategies proposed to improve outcomes with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study was conducted to determine the impact of off-pump surgery on outcomes after CABG with MAG in men and women. Methods: This cohort study used population-based data to identify all Ontarians undergoing isolated CABG with MAG between October 2008 and September 2019. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE; hospitalization for stroke, myocardial infarction hospitalization or heart failure, or repeat revascularization). Analysis used propensity-score overlap-weighted cause-specific Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: A total of 2989 women (1188 off-pump, 1801 on-pump) and 16,209 men (6065 off-pump, 10,144 on-pump) underwent MAG with a median follow-up of 5.0 years (interquartile range, 2.7-8.0) years. Compared to the on-pump approach, all-cause mortality was not changed with off-pump status (hazard ratio [HR] in women: 1.25 [95% CI, 0.83-1.88]; in men: 1.08 [95% CI, 0.85-1.37]). In women, the risk of MACCE was significantly higher off-pump (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.04-2.03), with nonsignificantly increased risk observed for all component outcomes. Conclusions: In patients undergoing CABG with MAG, this population-based analysis found no association between pump status and survival in either men or women. However, it did suggest that off-pump MAG in women may be associated with an increased risk of MACCE.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Cohort Studies ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Treatment Outcome ; Retrospective Studies ; Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3104-5
ISSN	1097-685X ; 0022-5223
ISSN (online)	1097-685X
ISSN	0022-5223
DOI	10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.02.008
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Article ; Online: Bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator use after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Uncovering disparities in care and survival across the urban-rural spectrum.

Grubic, Nicholas / Peng, Yingwei P / Walker, Melanie / Brooks, Steven C

Resuscitation

2022 Volume 175, Page(s) 150–158

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the association between bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED) use, and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) across the urban-rural spectrum.: Methods: This was a ... ...

Abstract	Aim: To evaluate the association between bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED) use, and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) across the urban-rural spectrum. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 325,477 adult OHCAs within the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival from 2013 to 2019. Bystander interventions were categorized into no bystander intervention, bystander CPR alone, and bystander AED use (with or without CPR). The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge with good neurological outcome. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between bystander interventions and survival by geographical status (urban, suburban, large rural, small town, or rural). Results: Bystander CPR alone occurred most often in rural areas (50.8%), and least often in urban areas (35.4%). Bystander AED use in public settings was similar across the urban-rural spectrum (10.5-13.1%). Survival with good neurological outcome varied for urban (8.1%), suburban (7.7%), large rural (9.1%), small town (7.1%), and rural areas (6.1%). In comparison to no bystander intervention, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for bystander AED use and survival were 2.57 (2.37-2.79) in urban areas, 2.58 (1.81-3.67) in suburban areas, 1.99 (1.44-2.76) in large rural areas, 1.90 (1.27-2.86) in small towns, and 3.05 (1.99-4.68) in rural areas. Bystander CPR alone was also associated with survival in all areas (adjusted odds ratio range: 1.29-1.45). There was no strong evidence of interaction between bystander interventions and geographical status on the primary outcome (p = 0.63). Conclusion: Bystander CPR and AED use are associated with positive clinical outcomes after OHCA in all areas along the urban-rural spectrum.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Defibrillators ; Emergency Medical Services ; Humans ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/therapy ; Registries ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-22
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189901-6
ISSN	1873-1570 ; 0300-9572
ISSN (online)	1873-1570
ISSN	0300-9572
DOI	10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.04.014
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