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Article ; Online: High Genetic Diversity and

Amanzougaghene, Nadia / Drali, Rezak / Shako, Jean-Christophe / Davoust, Bernard / Fenollar, Florence / Raoult, Didier / Mediannikov, Oleg

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) 834388

Abstract: Pediculus ... ...

Abstract	Pediculus humanus
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Democratic Republic of the Congo ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Pediculus/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Rickettsia felis
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2619676-1
ISSN	2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
ISSN (online)	2235-2988
ISSN	2235-2988
DOI	10.3389/fcimb.2022.834388
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Article ; Online: First molecular characterization of Blastocystis subtypes from animals and animal-keepers stool in Algeria.

Boutellis, Amina / Aissi, Miriem / Harhoura, Khaled / Drali, Rezak / Kernif, Tahar / Tazerouti, Fadila

Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases

2021 Volume 78, Page(s) 101695

Abstract: Blastocystis sp. is one of the most common enteric parasites found in humans and many non-human hosts. It is an anaerobic protozoan that belongs to the group of Stramenopiles. Based on phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal DNA genes, at least 17 subtypes ( ... ...

Abstract	Blastocystis sp. is one of the most common enteric parasites found in humans and many non-human hosts. It is an anaerobic protozoan that belongs to the group of Stramenopiles. Based on phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal DNA genes, at least 17 subtypes (ST1-ST17) are described. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize Blastocystis sp. in stool samples from various animal groups and animal-keepers. Overall, 29/70 (41.43%) animals and 7/60 (11.66%) humans sampled were positive for Blastocystis sp. using microscopy. The sequencing of the partial 18S small subunit ribosomal DNA gene (SSU rDNA) revealed the presence of five haplotypes corresponding to ST2 and ST3 in humans, and ST2, ST3, ST7, and ST10 in animals. This is the ﬁrst report of Blastocystis subtypes in animals in Algeria.
MeSH term(s)	Algeria/epidemiology ; Animals ; Blastocystis/genetics ; Blastocystis Infections/epidemiology ; Blastocystis Infections/veterinary ; DNA, Protozoan/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; Feces ; Genetic Variation ; Phylogeny
Chemical Substances	DNA, Protozoan ; DNA, Ribosomal
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	436522-7
ISSN	1878-1667 ; 0147-9571
ISSN (online)	1878-1667
ISSN	0147-9571
DOI	10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101695
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Article: First molecular characterization of Blastocystis subtypes from animals and animal-keepers stool in Algeria

Boutellis, Amina / Aissi, Miriem / Harhoura, Khaled / Drali, Rezak / Kernif, Tahar / Tazerouti, Fadila

Comparative immunology, microbiology, and infectious diseases. 2021 Oct., v. 78

2021

Abstract	Blastocystis sp. is one of the most common enteric parasites found in humans and many non-human hosts. It is an anaerobic protozoan that belongs to the group of Stramenopiles. Based on phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal DNA genes, at least 17 subtypes (ST1-ST17) are described. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize Blastocystis sp. in stool samples from various animal groups and animal-keepers. Overall, 29/70 (41.43%) animals and 7/60 (11.66%) humans sampled were positive for Blastocystis sp. using microscopy. The sequencing of the partial 18S small subunit ribosomal DNA gene (SSU rDNA) revealed the presence of five haplotypes corresponding to ST2 and ST3 in humans, and ST2, ST3, ST7, and ST10 in animals. This is the ﬁrst report of Blastocystis subtypes in animals in Algeria.
Keywords	Blastocystis ; Protozoa ; genes ; haplotypes ; immunology ; microbiology ; microscopy ; phylogeny ; ribosomal DNA ; Algeria
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-10
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	436522-7
ISSN	1878-1667 ; 0147-9571
ISSN (online)	1878-1667
ISSN	0147-9571
DOI	10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101695
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Article ; Online: New Haplotypes of Trypanosoma evansi Identified in Dromedary Camels from Algeria.

Boutellis, Amina / Bellabidi, Meriem / Benaissa, Mohammed Hocine / Harrat, Zoubir / Brahmi, Karima / Drali, Rezak / Kernif, Tahar

Acta parasitologica

2021 Volume 66, Issue 1, Page(s) 294–302

Abstract: Purpose: Surra is a zoonotic disease caused by Trypanosoma evansi (Trypanozoon), a salivary trypanosome native to Africa which affects a wide range of mammals worldwide and causes mortality and significant economic loss. The present study was devoted to ...

Abstract	Purpose: Surra is a zoonotic disease caused by Trypanosoma evansi (Trypanozoon), a salivary trypanosome native to Africa which affects a wide range of mammals worldwide and causes mortality and significant economic loss. The present study was devoted to the molecular characterization of T. evansi derived from naturally infected dromedary camels in Algeria. Methods: A total of 148 blood samples were collected from mixed age camels living in one of four geographic regions (Ouargla, El Oued, Biskra and Ghardaia) of Algeria. Samples underwent PCR amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) complete sequence. Results: DNA of Trypanosoma spp. was found in 19 camels (12.84%). Trypanosoma spp. molecular positivity was not affected by sex (p = 0.50), age (p = 0.08), or geographic location (p = 0.12). Based on multiple sequence alignment of the obtained DNA sequences with representative T. evansi ITS1 sequences available globally, the Algerian sequences were grouped within four different haplotypes including two which were original. Conclusion: Results of this study provide preliminary data on which future studies of genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of T. evansi can be based.
MeSH term(s)	Algeria/epidemiology ; Animals ; Camelus ; Haplotypes ; Trypanosoma/genetics ; Trypanosomiasis/epidemiology ; Trypanosomiasis/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1132735-2
ISSN	1896-1851 ; 0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
ISSN (online)	1896-1851
ISSN	0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
DOI	10.1007/s11686-020-00316-w
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Article ; Online: Human Lice in Paleoentomology and Paleomicrobiology.

Drali, Rezak / Mumcuoglu, Kosta / Raoult, Didier

Microbiology spectrum

2016 Volume 4, Issue 4

Abstract: Lice are a classic example of cospeciation. Human lice confirm this cospeciation with lice specialized in hominids which differ from those of gorillas and chimpanzees. Head lice and body lice seem to belong to closely related species with different ... ...

Abstract	Lice are a classic example of cospeciation. Human lice confirm this cospeciation with lice specialized in hominids which differ from those of gorillas and chimpanzees. Head lice and body lice seem to belong to closely related species with different ecotypes and a different geographical distribution which may reflect population movements. Paleo-entomology allows us in some cases to trace the migrations of archaic human populations. The analysis of lice found on mummies in Egypt and South America has clarified a certain number of these migrations, also the study of lice and the diseases they transmit has shed a new light on the epidemics of the past.
MeSH term(s)	Americas ; Animals ; Egypt ; Entomology/methods ; Human Migration ; Humans ; Paleopathology/methods ; Pediculus/classification ; Pediculus/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2016
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2165-0497
ISSN (online)	2165-0497
DOI	10.1128/microbiolspec.PoH-0005-2014
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Article ; Online: Studies of Ancient Lice Reveal Unsuspected Past Migrations of Vectors.

Drali, Rezak / Mumcuoglu, Kosta Y / Yesilyurt, Gonca / Raoult, Didier

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

2015 Volume 93, Issue 3, Page(s) 623–625

Abstract: Lice are among the oldest parasites of humans representing an excellent marker of the evolution and migration of our species over time. Here, we analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) developed in this study the mitochondrial DNA of ... ...

Abstract	Lice are among the oldest parasites of humans representing an excellent marker of the evolution and migration of our species over time. Here, we analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) developed in this study the mitochondrial DNA of seven ancient head louse eggs found on hair remains recovered from two sites in Israel: 1) five nits dating from Chalcolithic period (4,000 bc) were found in the Cave of the Treasure located at Nahal Mishmar, in the Judean Desert and 2) two nits dating from Early Islamic Period (ad 650-810) were found in Nahal Omer in the Arava Valley (between Dead Sea and Red Sea). Our results suggest that these eggs belonged to people originating from west Africa based on identification of the louse mitochondrial sub-clade specific to that region.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Eggs ; Emigration and Immigration/history ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Israel ; Lice Infestations/history ; Pediculus/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2942-7
ISSN	1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
ISSN	0002-9637
DOI	10.4269/ajtmh.14-0552
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Article: Emergence of mcr-1 plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from seawater

Drali, Rezak / Berrazeg, Meryem / Zidouni, Laldja Lilia / Hamitouche, Fella / Abbas, Amina Aicha / Deriet, Abdelhamid / Mouffok, Fawzia

Science of the total environment. 2018 Nov. 15, v. 642

2018

Abstract: Colistin is currently regarded as one of the ‘last-resort’ antibiotics used for the treatment of critical infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Recently, there have been numerous reports of the emergence of a transferable ... ...

Abstract	Colistin is currently regarded as one of the ‘last-resort’ antibiotics used for the treatment of critical infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Recently, there have been numerous reports of the emergence of a transferable plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1 in patients, animals, food, and environment. Here, we characterize the support of colistin resistance among environmental isolates collected from seawater of Algiers coast. Our study was carried out on 246 isolates resistant to colistin (MIC > 2 μg/L). The mcr-1 gene was identified in only two isolates; M49 and M78. The two strains were identified as Escherichia coli and were non-susceptible to amoxicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, tigecycline, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and colistin. For the latter, isolates M49 and M78 showed MIC values of 4 μg/mL and 8 μg/mL, respectively. Only the strain M78 was intermediary resistant to tobramycin. The two E. coli strains belonged to two different sequence types (STs): ST23 for M49 and ST115 for M78. The mcr-1 gene was present on a non-conjugative plasmid in the two strains.
Keywords	Escherichia coli ; Gram-negative bacteria ; amoxicillin ; animals ; coasts ; colistin ; gentamicin ; minimum inhibitory concentration ; multiple drug resistance ; nalidixic acid ; patients ; piperacillin ; plasmids ; resistance genes ; seawater ; ticarcillin ; tigecycline ; tobramycin
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-1115
Size	p. 90-94.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.387
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Article: Host switching of human lice to new world monkeys in South America

Drali, Rezak / Amina Boutellis / Didier Raoult / Félix Djossou / Laurent Abi-Rached / Stephen C. Barker

Infection, genetics, and evolution. 2016 Apr., v. 39

2016

Abstract: The coevolution between a host and its obligate parasite is exemplified in the sucking lice that infest primates. In the context of close lice–host partnerships and cospeciation, Pediculus mjobergi, the louse of New World primates, has long been puzzling ...

Abstract	The coevolution between a host and its obligate parasite is exemplified in the sucking lice that infest primates. In the context of close lice–host partnerships and cospeciation, Pediculus mjobergi, the louse of New World primates, has long been puzzling because its morphology resembles that of human lice. To investigate the possibility that P. mjobergi was transmitted to monkeys from the first humans who set foot on the American continent thousands of years ago, we obtained and compared P. mjobergi lice collected from howler monkeys from Argentina to human lice gathered from a remote and isolated village in Amazonia that has escaped globalization.Morphological examinations were first conducted and verified the similarity between the monkey and human lice.The molecular characterization of several nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers in the two types of lice revealed that one of the P. mjobergi specimens had a unique haplotype that clustered with the haplotypes of Amazonian head lice that are prevalent in tropical regions in the Americas, a natural habitat of New World monkeys.Because this phylogenetic group forms a separate branch within the clade of lice from humans that were of American origin, this finding indicates that human lice have transferred to New World monkeys.
Keywords	Alouatta ; Cebidae ; coevolution ; genetic markers ; habitats ; haplotypes ; humans ; lice ; mitochondria ; monkeys ; Pediculus humanus capitis ; phylogeny ; tropics ; villages ; Amazonia ; Argentina ; North America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-04
Size	p. 225-231.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2037068-4
ISSN	1567-1348
ISSN	1567-1348
DOI	10.1016/j.meegid.2016.02.008
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Article ; Online: Emergence of mcr-1 plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from seawater.

Drali, Rezak / Berrazeg, Meryem / Zidouni, Laldja Lilia / Hamitouche, Fella / Abbas, Amina Aicha / Deriet, Abdelhamid / Mouffok, Fawzia

The Science of the total environment

2018 Volume 642, Page(s) 90–94

Abstract: Colistin is currently regarded as one of the 'last-resort' antibiotics used for the treatment of critical infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Recently, there have been numerous reports of the emergence of a transferable ... ...

Abstract	Colistin is currently regarded as one of the 'last-resort' antibiotics used for the treatment of critical infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Recently, there have been numerous reports of the emergence of a transferable plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1 in patients, animals, food, and environment. Here, we characterize the support of colistin resistance among environmental isolates collected from seawater of Algiers coast. Our study was carried out on 246 isolates resistant to colistin (MIC > 2 μg/L). The mcr-1 gene was identified in only two isolates; M49 and M78. The two strains were identified as Escherichia coli and were non-susceptible to amoxicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, tigecycline, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and colistin. For the latter, isolates M49 and M78 showed MIC values of 4 μg/mL and 8 μg/mL, respectively. Only the strain M78 was intermediary resistant to tobramycin. The two E. coli strains belonged to two different sequence types (STs): ST23 for M49 and ST115 for M78. The mcr-1 gene was present on a non-conjugative plasmid in the two strains.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Colistin ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics ; Escherichia coli/isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli Proteins/analysis ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Seawater/microbiology ; Water Microbiology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; MCR-1 protein, E coli ; Colistin (Z67X93HJG1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.387
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Article ; Online: Host switching of human lice to new world monkeys in South America.

Drali, Rezak / Abi-Rached, Laurent / Boutellis, Amina / Djossou, Félix / Barker, Stephen C / Raoult, Didier

Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases

2016 Volume 39, Page(s) 225–231

Abstract: The coevolution between a host and its obligate parasite is exemplified in the sucking lice that infest primates. In the context of close lice-host partnerships and cospeciation, Pediculus mjobergi, the louse of New World primates, has long been puzzling ...

Abstract	The coevolution between a host and its obligate parasite is exemplified in the sucking lice that infest primates. In the context of close lice-host partnerships and cospeciation, Pediculus mjobergi, the louse of New World primates, has long been puzzling because its morphology resembles that of human lice. To investigate the possibility that P. mjobergi was transmitted to monkeys from the first humans who set foot on the American continent thousands of years ago, we obtained and compared P. mjobergi lice collected from howler monkeys from Argentina to human lice gathered from a remote and isolated village in Amazonia that has escaped globalization. Morphological examinations were first conducted and verified the similarity between the monkey and human lice. The molecular characterization of several nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers in the two types of lice revealed that one of the P. mjobergi specimens had a unique haplotype that clustered with the haplotypes of Amazonian head lice that are prevalent in tropical regions in the Americas, a natural habitat of New World monkeys. Because this phylogenetic group forms a separate branch within the clade of lice from humans that were of American origin, this finding indicates that human lice have transferred to New World monkeys.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Genotype ; Host Specificity ; Humans ; Lice Infestations/parasitology ; Monkey Diseases/parasitology ; Pediculus/classification ; Pediculus/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Platyrrhini
Chemical Substances	DNA, Mitochondrial
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2037068-4
ISSN	1567-7257 ; 1567-1348
ISSN (online)	1567-7257
ISSN	1567-1348
DOI	10.1016/j.meegid.2016.02.008
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