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  1. Article ; Online: Presence of anti-RBC antibodies correlates with parasitaemia and once-infected RBCs but not the extent of post-malaria haemolysis.

    Tober-Lau, Pinkus / Kneller, Anna Karolina / Lingscheid, Tilman / Mayer, Beate / Zoller, Thomas / Kurth, Florian

    Journal of travel medicine

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1212504-0
    ISSN 1708-8305 ; 1195-1982
    ISSN (online) 1708-8305
    ISSN 1195-1982
    DOI 10.1093/jtm/taae045
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Reduced Age-Related Gray Matter Loss in the Orbitofrontal Cortex in Long-Term Meditators.

    Kurth, Florian / Strohmaier, Sarah / Luders, Eileen

    Brain sciences

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 12

    Abstract: The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a functionally heterogeneous brain region contributing to mental processes relating to meditation practices. The OFC has been reported to decline in volume with increasing age and differs in volume between meditation ... ...

    Abstract The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a functionally heterogeneous brain region contributing to mental processes relating to meditation practices. The OFC has been reported to decline in volume with increasing age and differs in volume between meditation practitioners and non-practitioners. We hypothesized that the age-related decline of the OFC is diminished in meditation practitioners. We tested this hypothesis in a sample of 50 long-term meditators and 50 matched controls by correlating chronological age with regional gray matter volumes of the left and right OFC, as well as in seven left and right cytoarchitectonically defined subregions of the OFC (Fo1-Fo7). In both meditators and controls, we observed a negative relationship between age and OFC (sub)volumes, indicating that older participants have smaller OFC volumes. However, in meditators, the age-related decline was less steep compared to controls. These age-related differences reached significance for left and right Fo2, Fo3, Fo4, and Fo7, as well as left Fo5 and right Fo6. Since different subregions of the OFC are associated with distinct brain functions, further investigations are required to explore the functional implications of these findings in the context of meditation and the aging brain.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2651993-8
    ISSN 2076-3425
    ISSN 2076-3425
    DOI 10.3390/brainsci13121677
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Funktionell-neurochirurgische Therapieoptionen bei Funktionsstörungen des Beckenbodens : Stellenwert der sakralen Neuromodulation.

    Maciaczyk, Jarek / Bara, Gregor / Kurth, Florian

    Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany)

    2023  Volume 63, Issue 11, Page(s) 835–843

    Abstract: Background: Sacral neuromodulation is an established minimally invasive therapy indicated for the treatment of functional pelvic floor disorders. While it received its original US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the treatment of ... ...

    Title translation Functional-neurosurgical treatment options for functional pelvic floor disorders : Value of sacral neuromodulation.
    Abstract Background: Sacral neuromodulation is an established minimally invasive therapy indicated for the treatment of functional pelvic floor disorders. While it received its original US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the treatment of overactive bladder symptoms, it is now regarded as a therapeutic option to treat both urinary/fecal incontinence and retention. In addition, it has proven to be a valuable tool in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain, and preliminary results indicate a potential to elicit improvements in sexual functioning.
    Objective: This article serves to provide a summary of the therapy and its applications.
    Method: Selective literature review.
    Results: Sacral neuromodulation implants allow for the controlled shifting of the autonomic control of bladder and rectum towards an inhibition or facilitation of voiding, dependent on the patient's needs and under the patient's control. At the same time and depending on the applied stimulation, the implants can interfere with the nerve's conduction of pain signals. This makes them a therapeutic option for pelvic pain that fails to respond to conventional treatment. Finally, there have been first reports suggesting improvements in sexual dysfunction under sacral neuromodulation, thus, potentially opening up a new line of therapy for those disorders.
    Discussion: Sacral neuromodulation is a flexible and efficient form of therapy for functional disorders of the pelvic floor. Specifically, the same intervention can treat seemingly contradictory disorders such as urinary/fecal incontinence and retention as well as chronic pain.
    MeSH term(s) United States ; Female ; Humans ; Pelvic Floor Disorders/surgery ; Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods ; Fecal Incontinence/surgery ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence/therapy ; Pelvic Pain/surgery
    Language German
    Publishing date 2023-10-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2731-7056
    ISSN (online) 2731-7056
    DOI 10.1007/s00117-023-01214-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The neuroanatomy of pregnancy and postpartum.

    Luders, Eileen / Kurth, Florian / Sundström Poromaa, Inger

    NeuroImage

    2022  Volume 263, Page(s) 119646

    Abstract: Pregnancy and giving birth are exceptional states in a woman's life for many reasons. While the effects of pregnancy and childbirth on the female body are obvious, less is known about their impact on the female brain, especially in humans. The scientific ...

    Abstract Pregnancy and giving birth are exceptional states in a woman's life for many reasons. While the effects of pregnancy and childbirth on the female body are obvious, less is known about their impact on the female brain, especially in humans. The scientific literature is still sparse but we have identified 12 longitudinal neuroimaging studies conducted in women whose brains were scanned before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and/or after giving birth. This review summarizes and discusses the reported neuroanatomical changes during pregnancy, postpartum, and beyond. Some studies suggest that pregnancy is mainly associated with tissue decreases, and a few studies suggest that this tissue loss is mostly permanent. In contrast, the majority of studies seems to indicate that the postpartum period is accompanied by substantial tissue increases throughout the entire brain. Future research is clearly warranted to replicate and extend the current findings, while addressing various limitations and shortcomings of existing studies.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Neuroanatomy ; Postpartum Period ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Longitudinal Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1147767-2
    ISSN 1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
    ISSN (online) 1095-9572
    ISSN 1053-8119
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119646
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Malaria und ihre Bedeutung in der Reisemedizin.

    Mischlinger, Johannes / Jochum, Johannes / Ramharter, Michael / Kurth, Florian

    Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)

    2022  Volume 147, Issue 12, Page(s) 745–755

    Abstract: Malaria remains one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide. The annual number of cases is currently estimated at around 240 million globally, of which more than 500,000 cases are fatal. The majority of malaria cases in Europe are imported ... ...

    Title translation Malaria and its importance in travel medicine.
    Abstract Malaria remains one of the most important infectious diseases worldwide. The annual number of cases is currently estimated at around 240 million globally, of which more than 500,000 cases are fatal. The majority of malaria cases in Europe are imported from the African continent. Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of malaria tropica, causes 75-90 % of all infections imported to Germany. Artemisinin-based combination therapies are the standard treatment for uncomplicated malaria worldwide. In addition to uncomplicated malaria infections, Plasmodium falciparum can cause severe malaria, characterized by vital organ dysfunction and hyperparasitaemia. The treatment of choice for severe malaria is parenteral artesunate. For all patients presenting with febrile illness after a stay in a malaria-endemic area malaria must be ruled out immediately. Microscopy of the thick drop remains the gold standard for diagnosis in clinical routine.
    MeSH term(s) Antimalarials/therapeutic use ; Artesunate/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Malaria/diagnosis ; Malaria/drug therapy ; Malaria/epidemiology ; Malaria, Falciparum/diagnosis ; Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy ; Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Travel ; Travel Medicine
    Chemical Substances Antimalarials ; Artesunate (60W3249T9M)
    Language German
    Publishing date 2022-06-07
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 200446-x
    ISSN 1439-4413 ; 0012-0472
    ISSN (online) 1439-4413
    ISSN 0012-0472
    DOI 10.1055/a-1661-3783
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Aberrant callosal morphology in ex-smokers.

    Dale, Caitlin / Kalantary, Delshad / Luders, Eileen / Kurth, Florian

    Journal of integrative neuroscience

    2022  Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 101

    Abstract: Background: Cigarette smoking is associated with widespread structural alterations in both brain hemispheres as well as of the corpus callosum (i.e., the brain's main interhemispheric white matter pathway). While similar hemispheric alterations have ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cigarette smoking is associated with widespread structural alterations in both brain hemispheres as well as of the corpus callosum (i.e., the brain's main interhemispheric white matter pathway). While similar hemispheric alterations have also been reported in ex-smokers, no study has yet examined the corpus callosum in ex-smokers.
    Methods: We compared callosal morphology in a sample of 107 ex-smokers (57 males/50 females) and 193 non-smokers (73 males/120 females), aged between 42 and 97 years. More specifically, we measured the total callosal area as well as seven callosal subregions using the Witelson parcellation scheme.
    Results: At uncorrected levels, we detected significantly smaller callosal areas in ex-smokers than in non-smokers within the posterior midbody, genu, and isthmus (albeit the latter only on a trend level). When applying corrections for multiple comparisons, only the effect within the posterior midbody remained significant.
    Conclusions: Our findings suggest a weaker interhemispheric connectivity in ex-smokers compared to non-smokers, specifically between frontal and temporal areas.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Corpus Callosum/diagnostic imaging ; Ex-Smokers ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-22
    Publishing country Singapore
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2136427-8
    ISSN 0219-6352
    ISSN 0219-6352
    DOI 10.31083/j.jin2104101
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  7. Article: Structural differences between male and female brains.

    Luders, Eileen / Kurth, Florian

    Handbook of clinical neurology

    2020  Volume 175, Page(s) 3–11

    Abstract: Research based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revealed a number of sex differences in the anatomy of the human brain. The first part of this chapter presents an excerpt of these findings discriminating among effects on a global, ... ...

    Abstract Research based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revealed a number of sex differences in the anatomy of the human brain. The first part of this chapter presents an excerpt of these findings discriminating among effects on a global, regional, and local level. While findings are far from consistent and conclusive, there is general consensus with respect to sex-specific brain size, with male brains being bigger on average than female brains. So, the question arises as to whether any of the observed sex differences are merely driven by brain size. The second part of this chapter thus sheds light on a unique scientific attempt to discriminate between brain size effects and sex effects. The overarching goal of this chapter is to exemplify the variety of findings and to demonstrate that the presence, magnitude, and direction of significant sex differences strongly depend on the measurement applied. The assumption that sex differences are simply a by-product of brain size, rather than pure (size independent) sex effects has proven to be true for some but certainly not all findings. Therefore, when examining the possible sexual dimorphism of the brain, it is imperative to avoid oversimplification and generalization.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Sex Characteristics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 0072-9752
    ISSN 0072-9752
    DOI 10.1016/B978-0-444-64123-6.00001-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Long-read sequencing to understand genome biology and cell function.

    Kraft, Florian / Kurth, Ingo

    The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology

    2020  Volume 126, Page(s) 105799

    Abstract: Determining the sequence of DNA and RNA molecules has a huge impact on the understanding of cell biology and function. Recent advancements in next-generation short-read sequencing (NGS) technologies, drops in cost and a resolution down to the single-cell ...

    Abstract Determining the sequence of DNA and RNA molecules has a huge impact on the understanding of cell biology and function. Recent advancements in next-generation short-read sequencing (NGS) technologies, drops in cost and a resolution down to the single-cell level shaped our current view on genome structure and function. Third-generation sequencing (TGS) methods further complete the knowledge about these processes based on long reads and the ability to analyze DNA or RNA at single molecule level. Long-read sequencing provides additional possibilities to study genome architecture and the composition of highly complex regions and to determine epigenetic modifications of nucleotide bases at a genome-wide level. We discuss the principles and advancements of long-read sequencing and its applications in genome biology.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cells/cytology ; Genomics ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1228429-4
    ISSN 1878-5875 ; 1357-2725
    ISSN (online) 1878-5875
    ISSN 1357-2725
    DOI 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105799
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  9. Article ; Online: Quantitative protein biomarker panels: a path to improved clinical practice through proteomics.

    Hartl, Johannes / Kurth, Florian / Kappert, Kai / Horst, David / Mülleder, Michael / Hartmann, Gunther / Ralser, Markus

    EMBO molecular medicine

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) e16061

    Abstract: The utilisation of protein biomarker panels, rather than individual protein biomarkers, offers a more comprehensive representation of human physiology. It thus has the potential to improve diagnosis, prognosis and the differentiation of responders from ... ...

    Abstract The utilisation of protein biomarker panels, rather than individual protein biomarkers, offers a more comprehensive representation of human physiology. It thus has the potential to improve diagnosis, prognosis and the differentiation of responders from nonresponders in the context of precision medicine. Although several proteomic techniques exist for measuring biomarker panels, the integration of proteomics into clinical practice has been limited. In this Commentary, we highlight the significance of quantitative protein biomarker panels in clinical medicine and outline the challenges that must be addressed in order to identify the most promising panels and implement them in clinical routines to realise their medical potential. Furthermore, we argue that the absolute quantification of protein panels through targeted mass spectrometric assays remains the most promising technology for translating proteomics into routine clinical applications due to its high flexibility, low sample costs, independence from affinity reagents and low entry barriers for its integration into existing laboratory workflows.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Proteomics/methods ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Proteome/analysis ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Mass Spectrometry/methods
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Proteome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2467145-9
    ISSN 1757-4684 ; 1757-4676
    ISSN (online) 1757-4684
    ISSN 1757-4676
    DOI 10.15252/emmm.202216061
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  10. Article: Brain Sex in Transgender Women Is Shifted towards Gender Identity.

    Kurth, Florian / Gaser, Christian / Sánchez, Francisco J / Luders, Eileen

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 6

    Abstract: Transgender people report discomfort with their birth sex and a strong identification with the opposite sex. The current study was designed to shed further light on the question of whether the brains of transgender people resemble their birth sex or ... ...

    Abstract Transgender people report discomfort with their birth sex and a strong identification with the opposite sex. The current study was designed to shed further light on the question of whether the brains of transgender people resemble their birth sex or their gender identity. For this purpose, we analyzed a sample of 24 cisgender men, 24 cisgender women, and 24 transgender women before gender-affirming hormone therapy. We employed a recently developed multivariate classifier that yields a continuous probabilistic (rather than a binary) estimate for brains to be male or female. The brains of transgender women ranged between cisgender men and cisgender women (albeit still closer to cisgender men), and the differences to both cisgender men and to cisgender women were significant (p = 0.016 and p < 0.001, respectively). These findings add support to the notion that the underlying brain anatomy in transgender people is shifted away from their biological sex towards their gender identity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm11061582
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