LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 6 of total 6

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Social Support and Perceptions of COVID-19-related Emotional Impact on Mental Health Among Early Adolescents in Appalachia.

    Layman, Hannah M / Mann, Michael J / Smith, Megan L / Kogan, Steven M / Kristjansson, Alfgeir L

    The Journal of school health

    2023  Volume 93, Issue 5, Page(s) 370–377

    Abstract: Background: Young people who experience higher levels of social support from their schools and families have been shown to be less likely to develop symptoms of negative mental health outcomes such as depression and anxiety.: Methods: Using linear ... ...

    Abstract Background: Young people who experience higher levels of social support from their schools and families have been shown to be less likely to develop symptoms of negative mental health outcomes such as depression and anxiety.
    Methods: Using linear regression, we analyzed the first and third wave of survey data from the larger parent study (Young Mountaineer Health Study) cohort, collected in 20 middle schools throughout West Virginia in the fall of 2020 and fall of 2021 (N = 1349, mean age: 11.5, response rate: 80.7%).
    Results: Approximately half of participants reported knowing someone that had been sick with COVID-19. Those experiencing higher levels of perceived COVID-19-related emotional impact reported greater levels of depression, anxiety, and anger. Both parental and school-level social support were associated with better mental health outcomes.
    Conclusions: Early adolescent perceptions of COVID-19-related emotional impact were associated with depression, anxiety, and anger and moderated by social support at home and in school among 11-12-year-old youth in Appalachia.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; Mental Health ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Anxiety/epidemiology ; Appalachian Region/epidemiology ; Social Support ; Depression/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 952835-0
    ISSN 1746-1561 ; 0022-4391
    ISSN (online) 1746-1561
    ISSN 0022-4391
    DOI 10.1111/josh.13296
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Substance Use Among Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Systematic Review.

    Layman, Hannah M / Thorisdottir, Ingibjorg Eva / Halldorsdottir, Thorhildur / Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora / Allegrante, John P / Kristjansson, Alfgeir Logi

    Current psychiatry reports

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 6, Page(s) 307–324

    Abstract: Purpose of review: To review the literature on the trends in substance use among youth during the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic.: Recent findings: The pandemic has given rise to concerns about the mental health and social well-being of ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: To review the literature on the trends in substance use among youth during the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic.
    Recent findings: The pandemic has given rise to concerns about the mental health and social well-being of youth, including its potential to increase or exacerbate substance use behaviors. This systematic review identified and included 49 studies of use across alcohol, cannabis, tobacco, e-cigarettes/vaping, and other drugs, and unspecified substances. The majority of studies across all categories of youth substance use reported reductions in prevalence, except in the case of other drugs and unspecified drug and substance use, which included three studies that reported an increase in use and three studies that reported decrease in use. Overall, the results of this review suggest that the prevalence of youth substance use has largely declined during the pandemic. Youth substance use in the post-pandemic years will require monitoring and continued surveillance.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2055376-6
    ISSN 1535-1645 ; 1523-3812
    ISSN (online) 1535-1645
    ISSN 1523-3812
    DOI 10.1007/s11920-022-01338-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article: Risk and Resilience Pathways, Community Adversity, Decision-making, and Alcohol Use Among Appalachian Adolescents: Protocol for the Longitudinal Young Mountaineer Health Study Cohort.

    Kristjansson, Alfgeir L / Santilli, Annette M / Mills, Rosalina / Layman, Hannah M / Smith, Megan L / Mann, Michael J / MacKillop, James / James, Jack E / Lilly, Christa L / Kogan, Steven M

    JMIR research protocols

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 8, Page(s) e40451

    Abstract: Background: Alcohol use impairs psychosocial and neurocognitive development and increases the vulnerability of youth to academic failure, substance use disorders, and other mental health problems. The early onset of alcohol use in adolescents is of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Alcohol use impairs psychosocial and neurocognitive development and increases the vulnerability of youth to academic failure, substance use disorders, and other mental health problems. The early onset of alcohol use in adolescents is of particular concern, forecasting substance abuse in later adolescence and adulthood. To date, evidence suggests that youth in rural areas are especially vulnerable to contextual and community factors that contribute to the early onset of alcohol use.
    Objective: The objective of the Young Mountaineer Health Study is to investigate the influence of contextual and health behavior variables on the early onset of alcohol use among middle school-aged youth in resource-poor Appalachian rural communities.
    Methods: This is a program of prospective cohort studies of approximately 2200 middle school youth from a range of 20 rural, small town, and small city (population <30,000) public schools in West Virginia. Students are participating in 6 waves of data collection (2 per year) over the course of middle school (sixth to eighth grades; fall and spring) from 2020 to 2023. On the basis of an organizational arrangement, which includes a team of local data collection leaders, supervising contact agents in schools, and an honest broker system to deidentify data linked via school IDs, we are able to collect novel forms of data (self-reported data, teacher-reported data, census-linked area data, and archival school records) while ensuring high rates of participation by a large majority of youth in each participating school.
    Results: In the spring of 2021, 3 waves of student survey data, 2 waves of data from teachers, and a selection of archival school records were collected. Student survey wave 1 comprised 1349 (response rate 80.7%) participants, wave 2 comprised 1649 (response rate 87%) participants, and wave 3 comprised 1909 (response rate 83.1%) participants. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the sampling frame size, resulting in a reduced number of eligible students, particularly during the fall of 2020. Nevertheless, our team structure and incentive system have proven vitally important in mitigating the potentially far greater negative impact of the pandemic on our data collection processes.
    Conclusions: The Young Mountaineer Health Study will use a large data set to test pathways linking rural community disadvantage to alcohol misuse among early adolescents. Furthermore, the program will test hypotheses regarding contextual factors (eg, parenting practices and neighborhood collective efficacy) that protect youth from community disadvantage and explore alcohol antecedents in the onset of nicotine, marijuana, and other drug use. Data collection efforts have been successful despite interruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021.
    International registered report identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/40451.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-05
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2719222-2
    ISSN 1929-0748
    ISSN 1929-0748
    DOI 10.2196/40451
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Comprehensive Investigation on Controlling for CT Imaging Variabilities in Radiomics Studies.

    Ger, Rachel B / Zhou, Shouhao / Chi, Pai-Chun Melinda / Lee, Hannah J / Layman, Rick R / Jones, A Kyle / Goff, David L / Fuller, Clifton D / Howell, Rebecca M / Li, Heng / Stafford, R Jason / Court, Laurence E / Mackin, Dennis S

    Scientific reports

    2018  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 13047

    Abstract: Radiomics has shown promise in improving models for predicting patient outcomes. However, to maximize the information gain of the radiomics features, especially in larger patient cohorts, the variability in radiomics features owing to differences between ...

    Abstract Radiomics has shown promise in improving models for predicting patient outcomes. However, to maximize the information gain of the radiomics features, especially in larger patient cohorts, the variability in radiomics features owing to differences between scanners and scanning protocols must be accounted for. To this aim, the imaging variability of radiomics feature values was evaluated on 100 computed tomography scanners at 35 clinics by imaging a radiomics phantom using a controlled protocol and the commonly used chest and head protocols of the local clinic. We used a linear mixed-effects model to determine the degree to which the manufacturer and individual scanners contribute to the overall variability. Using a controlled protocol reduced the overall variability by 57% and 52% compared to the local chest and head protocols respectively. The controlled protocol also reduced the relative contribution of the manufacturer to the total variability. For almost all variabilities (manufacturer, scanner, and residual with different preprocesssing), the controlled protocol scans had a significantly smaller variability than the local protocol scans did. For most radiomics features, the imaging variability was small relative to the inter-patient feature variability in non-small cell lung cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient cohorts. From this study, we conclude that using controlled scans can reduce the variability in radiomics features, and our results demonstrate the importance of using controlled protocols in prospective radiomics studies.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Statistical ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/standards
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-018-31509-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: Comprehensive Investigation on Controlling for CT Imaging Variabilities in Radiomics Studies

    Rachel B. Ger / Shouhao Zhou / Pai-Chun Melinda Chi / Hannah J. Lee / Rick R. Layman / A. Kyle Jones / David L. Goff / Clifton D. Fuller / Rebecca M. Howell / Heng Li / R. Jason Stafford / Laurence E. Court / Dennis S. Mackin

    Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2018  Volume 14

    Abstract: Abstract Radiomics has shown promise in improving models for predicting patient outcomes. However, to maximize the information gain of the radiomics features, especially in larger patient cohorts, the variability in radiomics features owing to ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Radiomics has shown promise in improving models for predicting patient outcomes. However, to maximize the information gain of the radiomics features, especially in larger patient cohorts, the variability in radiomics features owing to differences between scanners and scanning protocols must be accounted for. To this aim, the imaging variability of radiomics feature values was evaluated on 100 computed tomography scanners at 35 clinics by imaging a radiomics phantom using a controlled protocol and the commonly used chest and head protocols of the local clinic. We used a linear mixed-effects model to determine the degree to which the manufacturer and individual scanners contribute to the overall variability. Using a controlled protocol reduced the overall variability by 57% and 52% compared to the local chest and head protocols respectively. The controlled protocol also reduced the relative contribution of the manufacturer to the total variability. For almost all variabilities (manufacturer, scanner, and residual with different preprocesssing), the controlled protocol scans had a significantly smaller variability than the local protocol scans did. For most radiomics features, the imaging variability was small relative to the inter-patient feature variability in non–small cell lung cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient cohorts. From this study, we conclude that using controlled scans can reduce the variability in radiomics features, and our results demonstrate the importance of using controlled protocols in prospective radiomics studies.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article: Beliefs in vaccine as causes of autism among SPARK cohort caregivers

    Fombonne, Eric / Goin-Kochel, Robin P / O'Roak, Brian J / Abbeduto, Leonard / Aberbach, Gabriella / Acampado, John / Ace, Andrea J / Albright, Charles / Alessandri, Michael / Amaral, David G / Amatya, Alpha / Anglo, Claudine / Annett, Robert D / Arriaga, Ivette / Ashley, Raven / Astrovskaya, Irina / Baalman, Kelly / Baer, Melissa / Bahl, Ethan /
    Balasubramanian, Adithya / Baraghoshi, Gabrielle / Bardett, Nicole / Barnard, Rebecca A / Bashar, Asif / Beaudet, Arthur / Beckwith, Malia / Beeson, Landon / Bentley, Dawn / Bernier, Raphael A / Berry-Kravis, Elizabeth / Boland, Sarah / Booker, Stephanie / Bradley, Catherine / Brewster, Stephanie J / Brooks, Elizabeth / Brown, Melissa / Brueggeman, Leo / Butler, Martin E / Butter, Eric M / Callahan, Kristen / Camba, Alexies / Carbone, Paul / Carpenter, Laura / Carpenter, Sarah / Carriero, Nicholas / Cartner, Lindsey A / Casten, Lucas / Chatha, Ahmad S / Chin, Wubin / Chintalapalli, Sharmista / Cho, Daniel / Chung, Wendy K / Clark, Renee D / Cohen, Cheryl / Coleman, Kendra / Columbi, Costanza / Coppola, Leigh / Courchesne, Eric / Cubells, Joseph F / Hannah Currin, Mary / Daniels, Amy M / David, Giancarla / DeMarco, Lindsey / Dennis, Megan Y / Dent, Kate / Dichter, Gabriel S / Ding, Yan / Dinh, Huyen / Doan, Ryan / Doddapaneni, HarshaVardhan / Eichler, Evan E / Eldred, Sara / Eng, Christine / Erickson, Craig A / Esler, Amy / Fatemi, Ali / Feliciano, Pamela / Fischer, Gregory / Fish, Angela / Fisk, Ian / Fombonne, Eric J / Foster, Margaret / Fox, Emily A / Francis, Sunday / Friedman, Sandra L / Ganesan, Swami / Garrett, Michael / Gazestani, Vahid / Geisheker, Madeleine R / Gerdts, Jennifer A / Geschwind, Daniel H / Ghaziuddin, Mohammad / Gibbs, Richard A / Gonzalez, Natalia / Goudreau, Lindsey / Griswold, Anthony J / Grosvenor, Luke P / Gruber, Angela J / Gulsrud, Amanda C / Gunderson, Jaclyn / Gunter, Chris / Gupta, Abha / Gutierrez, Anibal / Hale, Melissa N / Haley, Monica / Hall, Jacob B / Hamer, Kira E / Han, Bing / Hanna, Nathan / Hardan, Antonio / Harkins, Christina / Harrington, Gloria / Harris, Jill / Harris, Nina / Hauf, Brenda / Hayes, Caitlin / Heerwagen, Kathryn / Hepburn, Susan L / Herbert, Lynette M / Heyman, Michelle / Higgins, Lorrin / Hilscher, Brittani A / Hofammann, Eugenia / Hojlo, Margaret / Horner, Susannah / Hsieh, Alexander / Hu, Jianhong / Huang-Storms, Lark Y / Hunter, Samantha / Hutter, Hanna / Istephanous, Dalia / Jacob, Suma / Jaramillo, Nancy / Jelinek, Anna / Jensen, William / Jones, Mark / Jordy, Michelle / Jorgenson, Alissa / Jou, Roger / Pablo Juarez, A / Judge, Jessyca / Jurayj, Jane / Kalmus, Taylor / Kanne, Stephen / Kaplan, Hannah E / Kasparson, Lauren / Kent, Matt / Hyun Kim, So / Kitaygorodsky, Alex / Koene, Hope / Koomar, Tanner / Korchina, Viktoriya / Krentz, Anthony D / Lam Schneider, Hoa / Lamarche, Elena / Lampert, Erica / Landa, Rebecca J / Lash, Alex E / Kiely Law, J / Lawson, Noah / Layman, Kevin / Lechniak, Holly / Lee, Sandra / Lee, Soo J / Lee Coury, Daniel / Lese Martin, Christa / Lesher, Laurie / Li, Hai / Li, Deana / Lillie, Natasha / Liu, Xiuping / Lopez, Marilyn / Lord, Catherine / Lowe, Kathryn / Mallardi, Malcolm D / Manning, Patricia / Manoharan, Julie / Marini, Richard / Martin, Christa / Marzano, Gabriela / Mason, Andrew / Mastel, Sarah / Matthews, Emily T / McCracken, James T / McKenzie, Alexander P / Miceli, Alexandra / Michaelson, Jacob J / Milliken, Anna / Mohiuddin, Sarah / Momin, Zeineen / Morrier, Michael J / Mostofsky, Stewart / Murali, Shwetha / Muzny, Donna / Myers, Vincent J / Neely, Jason / Nessner, Caitlin / Nicholson, Amy / Niederhouser, Melanie / O'Brien, Kaela / O'Connor, Eirene / O'Neil, Molly / Ochoa-Lubinoff, Cesar / Orobio, Jessica / Orrick, Libby / Ortiz, Crissy / Ousley, Opal Y / Pacheco, Lillian D / Palmer, Samiza / Pandey, Juhi / Marie Paolicelli, Anna / Pawlowski, Katherine G / Pierce, Karen L / Piven, Joseph / Plate, Samantha / Polanco, Jose / Popp, Marc / Pottschmidt, Natalie / Pramparo, Tiziano / Prock, Lisa M / Qi, Hongjian / Qiu, Shanping / Rachubinski, Angela L / Rajbhandari, Kshitij / Rana, Rishiraj / Ranganathan, Vai / Raymond, Laurie / Remington, Rick / Rice, Catherine E / Rigby, Chris / Robertson, Beverly E / Rodriguez, Nicki / Rodriguez, Barbara / Roeder, Katherine / Rosenberg, Cordelia R / Russo-Ponsaran, Nicole / Ruzzo, Elizabeth / Sabo, Aniko / Sahin, Mustafa / Salomatov, Andrei / Sandhu, Sophia / Santangelo, Susan / Sarver, Dustin E / Scherr, Jessica / Schultz, Robert T / Schweers, Kathryn A / Shaffer, Rebecca / Shah, Swapnil / Shaikh, Tamim / Shen, Yufeng / Shocklee, Amanda D / Shulman, Lisa / Siegel, Matthew / Simon, Andrea R / Simon, Laura / Singh, Vini / Skinner, Steve / Smith, Christopher J / Smith, Kaitlin / Snyder, LeeAnne G / Soorya, Latha V / Soucy, Aubrie / Stamps, Danielle / Steele, Morgan / Stephens, Alexandra N / Stock, Colleen M / Sullivan, Catherine / Sutcliffe, James S / Swanson, Amy / Tafolla, Maira / Takahashi, Nicole / Taylor, Cora / Thomas, Carrie / Thomas, Taylor / Thompson, Samantha / Tjernagel, Jennifer / Turner, Tychele N / Valicenti-McDermott, Maria / Van Metre, Bonnie / Van Wade, Candace / Veenstra-Vanderweele, Jeremy / Verdi, Mary / Vernoia, Brianna M / Volfovsky, Natalia / Wallace, Jermel / Walston, Corrie H / Wang, Jiayao / Wang, Tianyun / Warren, Zachary / Wasserburg, Lucy / White, Sabrina / Casey White-Lehman, L / Wodka, Ericka L / Xu, Simon / Yang, Wha S / Yinger, Meredith / Youngkin, Sarah / Yu, Timothy / Zang, Lan / Zaydens, Hana / Zhang, Haicang / Zhao, Haoquan / Zhou, Xueya / Zick, Allyson

    Vaccine. 2020 Feb. 11, v. 38, no. 7

    2020  

    Abstract: Fear of autism has led to a decline in childhood-immunization uptake and to a resurgence of preventable infectious diseases. Identifying characteristics of parents who believe in a causal role of vaccines for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in their child ...

    Institution the SPARK Consortium
    Abstract Fear of autism has led to a decline in childhood-immunization uptake and to a resurgence of preventable infectious diseases. Identifying characteristics of parents who believe in a causal role of vaccines for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in their child may help targeting educational activities and improve adherence to the immunization schedule.To compare caregivers of children with ASD who agree or disagree that vaccines play an etiological role in autism for 1) socio-demographics characteristics and 2) developmental and clinical profiles of their children.Data from 16,525 participants with ASD under age 18 were obtained from SPARK, a national research cohort started in 2016. Caregivers completed questionnaires at registration that included questions on beliefs about the etiologic role of childhood immunizations and other factors in ASD. Data were available about family socio-demographic characteristics, first symptoms of autism, developmental regression, co-occurring psychiatric disorders, seizures, and current levels of functioning.Participants with ASD were 80.4% male with a mean age of 8.1 years (SD = 4.1). Overall, 16.5% of caregivers endorsed immunizations as perceived causes of autism. Compared to caregivers who disagreed with vaccines as a cause for ASD, those who believed in vaccine causation came disproportionately from ethnic minority, less educated, and less wealthy backgrounds. More often their children had experienced developmental regression involving language and other skills, were diagnosed earlier, had lost skills during the second year of life, and had worse language, adaptive, and cognitive outcomes.One in six caregivers who participate in a national research cohort believe that child immunizations could be a cause of autism in their child. Parent social background (non-White, less educated) and child developmental features (regression in second year, poorer language skills, and worse adaptive outcomes) index caregivers who are more likely to harbor these beliefs and could benefit from targeted educational activities.
    Keywords autism ; caregivers ; childhood ; children ; cognition ; etiology ; fearfulness ; immunization ; infectious diseases ; males ; minorities (people) ; parents ; questionnaires ; seizures ; sociodemographic characteristics ; vaccines
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0211
    Size p. 1794-1803.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.12.026
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

    More links

    Kategorien

To top