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  1. Article ; Online: Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) Varies with Correction for Tissue Thickness Versus Body Mass Index: Implications When Using Pediatric Reference Norms.

    Valenzuela Riveros, Luisa F / Long, Jin / Bachrach, Laura K / Leonard, Mary B / Kent, Kyla

    Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

    2023  Volume 38, Issue 4, Page(s) 493–498

    Abstract: Trabecular bone score (TBS) derived from secondary analysis of lumbar spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans improves fracture prediction independent of bone mineral density (BMD) in adults. The utility of TBS to assess fracture risk in ... ...

    Abstract Trabecular bone score (TBS) derived from secondary analysis of lumbar spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans improves fracture prediction independent of bone mineral density (BMD) in adults. The utility of TBS to assess fracture risk in younger patients has not been established because pediatric norms have been lacking. Robust TBS reference data from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (BMDCS) have been published. TBS values for the BMDCS study were derived using an algorithm that accounts for tissue thickness (TBS
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Adult ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; Aged ; Cancellous Bone/diagnostic imaging ; Body Mass Index ; Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging ; Bone Density ; Absorptiometry, Photon/methods ; Fractures, Bone
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632783-7
    ISSN 1523-4681 ; 0884-0431
    ISSN (online) 1523-4681
    ISSN 0884-0431
    DOI 10.1002/jbmr.4786
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Vesicovaginal Fistula Repair Simulation Model and Hierarchical Task Analysis.

    Kent, Laura M / Vinas, Emily K / Rieger, Mary M / Caldwell, Lauren / White, Amanda B / High, Rachel A

    Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)

    2024  

    Abstract: Importance: There is a need for surgeons skilled in vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) repair, yet training opportunities are limited.: Objectives: This study aimed to create a low-fidelity simulation model for transvaginal VVF repair, identify essential ... ...

    Abstract Importance: There is a need for surgeons skilled in vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) repair, yet training opportunities are limited.
    Objectives: This study aimed to create a low-fidelity simulation model for transvaginal VVF repair, identify essential steps of VVF repair, and evaluate the model's ability to replicate essential steps.
    Study design: First, a low-fidelity VVF repair simulation model was designed and built by the authors. Next, a hierarchical task analysis was performed by urogynecologic surgeons with expertise in VVF repair. Each expert submitted an outline of tasks required to perform VVF repair. To control for bias, an education specialist de-identified, reviewed, and collated the submitted outlines. The education specialist then led a focus group, and through a modified Delphi process, the experts reached consensus on the essential steps. A separate group of urogynecologic surgeons then tested the model and completed an anonymous questionnaire assessing how well the model replicated the essential steps. Descriptive analyses were performed.
    Results: Five experts submitted an outline of steps for transvaginal VVF repair, and 4 experts participated in a focus group to reach consensus on the essential steps. Nine urogynecologic surgeons, with a median of 10 years in practice (interquartile range, 7-12 years), tested the model and completed the postsimulation questionnaire. Most testers thought that tasks involving identification and closure of the fistula were replicated by the model. Testers thought that tasks involving cystoscopy or bladder filling were not replicated by the model.
    Conclusions: We developed a novel, low-fidelity transvaginal VVF repair simulation model that consistently replicated tasks involving identification and closure of the fistula.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2771-1897
    ISSN (online) 2771-1897
    DOI 10.1097/SPV.0000000000001445
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Trans

    Im, Jennifer S H / Newburn, Laura R / Kent, Gregory / White, K Andrew

    Viruses

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 11

    Abstract: Many positive-sense RNA viruses transcribe subgenomic (sg) mRNAs during infections that template the translation of a subset of viral proteins. Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) expresses its capsid protein through the transcription of a sg mRNA ... ...

    Abstract Many positive-sense RNA viruses transcribe subgenomic (sg) mRNAs during infections that template the translation of a subset of viral proteins. Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) expresses its capsid protein through the transcription of a sg mRNA from RNA1 genome segment. This transcription event is activated by an RNA structure formed by base pairing between a
    MeSH term(s) Base Pairing ; Binding Sites ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; Genome, Viral ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA Folding ; RNA, Messenger/chemistry ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; RNA, Viral/chemistry ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; RNA, Viral/metabolism ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/genetics ; Tombusviridae/chemistry ; Tombusviridae/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Chemical Substances RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Viral ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.48)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v13112252
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Mucosal antibody responses following Vaxzevria vaccination.

    Selva, Kevin J / Ramanathan, Pradhipa / Haycroft, Ebene R / Tan, Chee Wah / Wang, Lin-Fa / Downie, Laura E / Davis, Samantha K / Purcell, Ruth A / Kent, Helen E / Juno, Jennifer A / Wheatley, Adam K / Davenport, Miles P / Kent, Stephen J / Chung, Amy W

    Immunology and cell biology

    2023  Volume 101, Issue 10, Page(s) 975–983

    Abstract: Mucosal antibodies play a key role in protection against breakthrough COVID-19 infections and emerging viral variants. Intramuscular adenovirus-based vaccination (Vaxzevria) only weakly induces nasal IgG and IgA responses, unless vaccinees have been ... ...

    Abstract Mucosal antibodies play a key role in protection against breakthrough COVID-19 infections and emerging viral variants. Intramuscular adenovirus-based vaccination (Vaxzevria) only weakly induces nasal IgG and IgA responses, unless vaccinees have been previously infected. However, little is known about how Vaxzevria vaccination impacts the ability of mucosal antibodies to induce Fc responses, particularly against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs). Here, we profiled paired mucosal (saliva, tears) and plasma antibodies from COVID-19 vaccinated only vaccinees (uninfected, vaccinated) and COVID-19 recovered vaccinees (COVID-19 recovered, vaccinated) who both received Vaxzevria vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 ancestral-specific IgG antibodies capable of engaging FcγR3a were significantly higher in the mucosal samples of COVID-19 recovered Vaxzevria vaccinees in comparison with vaccinated only vaccinees. However, when IgG and FcγR3a engaging antibodies were tested against a panel of SARS-CoV-2 VoCs, the responses were ancestral-centric with weaker recognition of Omicron strains observed. In contrast, salivary IgA, but not plasma IgA, from Vaxzevria vaccinees displayed broad cross-reactivity across all SARS-CoV-2 VoCs tested. Our data highlight that while intramuscular Vaxzevria vaccination can enhance mucosal antibodies responses in COVID-19 recovered vaccinees, restrictions by ancestral-centric bias may have implications for COVID-19 protection. However, highly cross-reactive mucosal IgA could be key in addressing these gaps in mucosal immunity and may be an important focus of future SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Antibody Formation ; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 ; Vaccination ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Neutralizing
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (B5S3K2V0G8) ; Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Neutralizing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 284057-1
    ISSN 1440-1711 ; 0818-9641
    ISSN (online) 1440-1711
    ISSN 0818-9641
    DOI 10.1111/imcb.12685
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Quantifying Child-Appeal: The Development and Mixed-Methods Validation of a Methodology for Evaluating Child-Appealing Marketing on Product Packaging.

    Mulligan, Christine / Potvin Kent, Monique / Vergeer, Laura / Christoforou, Anthea K / L'Abbé, Mary R

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 9

    Abstract: There is no standardized or validated definition or measure of "child-appeal" used in food and beverage marketing policy or research, which can result in heterogeneous outcomes. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to develop and validate the child- ... ...

    Abstract There is no standardized or validated definition or measure of "child-appeal" used in food and beverage marketing policy or research, which can result in heterogeneous outcomes. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to develop and validate the child-appealing packaging (CAP) coding tool, which measures the presence, type, and power of child-appealing marketing on food packaging based on the marketing techniques displayed. Children (n = 15) participated in a mixed-methods validation study comprising a binary classification (child-appealing packaging? Yes/No) and ranking (order of preference/marketing power) activity using mock breakfast cereal packages (quantitative) and focus group discussions (qualitative). The percent agreement, Cohen's Kappa statistic, Spearman's Rank correlation, and cross-classification analyses tested the agreement between children's and the CAP tool's evaluation of packages' child-appeal and marketing power (criterion validity) and the content analysis tested the relevance of the CAP marketing techniques (content validity). There was an 80% agreement, and "moderate" pairwise agreement (κ [95% CI]: 0.54 [0.35, 0.73]) between children/CAP binary classifications and "strong" correlation (
    MeSH term(s) Beverages ; Child ; Food ; Food Packaging ; Humans ; Marketing ; Pilot Projects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph18094769
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Androgen receptors rapidly modulate non-breeding aggression in male and female weakly electric fish (Gymnotus omarorum).

    Valiño, Guillermo / Dunlap, Kent / Quintana, Laura

    Hormones and behavior

    2023  Volume 159, Page(s) 105475

    Abstract: The South American weakly electric fish, Gymnotus omarorum, displays territorial aggression year-round in both sexes. To examine the role of rapid androgen modulation in non-breeding aggression, we administered acetate cyproterone (CPA), a potent ... ...

    Abstract The South American weakly electric fish, Gymnotus omarorum, displays territorial aggression year-round in both sexes. To examine the role of rapid androgen modulation in non-breeding aggression, we administered acetate cyproterone (CPA), a potent inhibitor of androgen receptors, to both male and females, just before staged agonistic interactions. Wild-caught fish were injected with CPA and, 30 min later, paired in intrasexual dyads. We then recorded the agonistic behavior which encompasses both locomotor displays and emission of social electric signals. We found that CPA had no discernible impact on the levels of aggression or the motivation to engage in aggressive behavior for either sex. However, CPA specifically decreased the expression of social electric signals in both males and female dyads. The effect was status-dependent as it only affected subordinate electrocommunication behavior, the emission of brief interruptions in their electric signaling ("offs"). This study is the first demonstration of a direct and rapid androgen effect mediated via androgen receptors on non-breeding aggression. Elucidating the mechanisms involved in non-breeding aggression in this teleost model allows us to better understand potentially conserved or convergent neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying aggression in vertebrates.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Male ; Electric Fish ; Aggression ; Receptors, Androgen ; Gymnotiformes ; Agonistic Behavior ; Androgens/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Androgen ; Androgens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 214409-8
    ISSN 1095-6867 ; 0018-506X
    ISSN (online) 1095-6867
    ISSN 0018-506X
    DOI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105475
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Falling from new heights: Traumatic fracture burden and resource utilization after border wall height increase.

    Williams, Emma E / Haaland, Cooper B / Haines, Laura N / Dwight, Kathryn D / Gonzalez, Alan G Valdovino / Doucet, Jay J / Schwartz, Alexandra K / Kent, William T / Costantini, Todd W

    Surgery

    2023  Volume 174, Issue 2, Page(s) 337–342

    Abstract: Background: San Diego County hospitals commonly care for patients injured by falls from the United States-Mexico border. From 2018 to 2019, the height of >400 miles of an existing border wall was raised. Prior work has demonstrated a 5-fold increase in ... ...

    Abstract Background: San Diego County hospitals commonly care for patients injured by falls from the United States-Mexico border. From 2018 to 2019, the height of >400 miles of an existing border wall was raised. Prior work has demonstrated a 5-fold increase in traumatic border wall fall injuries after barrier expansion. We aimed to examine the impact of a barrier height increase on fracture burden and resource use.
    Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center from 2016 to 2021 with lower extremity or pelvic fractures sustained from a border wall fall. We defined the pre-wall group as patients admitted from 2016 to 2018 and the post-wall group as those admitted from 2019 to 2021. We collected demographic and treatment data, hospital charges, weight-bearing status at discharge, and follow-up.
    Results: A total of 320 patients (pre-wall: 45; post-wall: 275) were admitted with 951 lower extremity fractures (pre-wall: 101; post-wall: 850) due to border wall fall. Hospital resources were utilized to a greater extent post-wall: a 537% increase in hospital days, a 776% increase in intensive care unit days, and a 468% increase in operative procedures. Overall, 86% of patients were non-weight-bearing on at least 1 lower extremity at discharge; 82% were lost to follow-up.
    Conclusion: Traumatic lower extremity fractures sustained from border wall fall rapidly rose after the wall height increase. Hospital resources were used to a greater extent. Patients were frequently discharged with weight-bearing limitations and rarely received scheduled follow-up care. Policymakers should consider the costs of caring for border fall patients, and access to follow-up should be expanded.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States ; Fractures, Bone/therapy ; Hospitalization ; Trauma Centers ; Pelvic Bones/injuries ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 202467-6
    ISSN 1532-7361 ; 0039-6060
    ISSN (online) 1532-7361
    ISSN 0039-6060
    DOI 10.1016/j.surg.2023.04.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Inhalation of Silver Silicate Nanoparticles Leads to Transient and Differential Microglial Activation in the Rodent Olfactory Bulb.

    Huynh, Huong / Upadhyay, Priya / Lopez, Cora H / Miyashiro, Malia K / Van Winkle, Laura S / Thomasy, Sara M / Pinkerton, Kent E

    Toxicologic pathology

    2022  Volume 50, Issue 6, Page(s) 763–775

    Abstract: Engineered silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), including silver silicate nanoparticles (Ag- ... ...

    Abstract Engineered silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), including silver silicate nanoparticles (Ag-SiO
    MeSH term(s) Aerosols/analysis ; Aerosols/metabolism ; Aerosols/pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcium ; Heme Oxygenase-1/analysis ; Heme Oxygenase-1/metabolism ; Heme Oxygenase-1/pharmacology ; Metal Nanoparticles/toxicity ; Microglia/metabolism ; Olfactory Bulb ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rodentia/metabolism ; Silicates/analysis ; Silicates/metabolism ; Silicates/toxicity ; Silicon Dioxide/toxicity ; Silver/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Aerosols ; Silicates ; Silver (3M4G523W1G) ; Silicon Dioxide (7631-86-9) ; Heme Oxygenase-1 (EC 1.14.14.18) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 841009-4
    ISSN 1533-1601 ; 0192-6233
    ISSN (online) 1533-1601
    ISSN 0192-6233
    DOI 10.1177/01926233221107607
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Quantifying Child-Appeal

    Christine Mulligan / Monique Potvin Kent / Laura Vergeer / Anthea K. Christoforou / Mary R. L’Abbé

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 4769, p

    The Development and Mixed-Methods Validation of a Methodology for Evaluating Child-Appealing Marketing on Product Packaging

    2021  Volume 4769

    Abstract: There is no standardized or validated definition or measure of “child-appeal” used in food and beverage marketing policy or research, which can result in heterogeneous outcomes. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to develop and validate the child- ... ...

    Abstract There is no standardized or validated definition or measure of “child-appeal” used in food and beverage marketing policy or research, which can result in heterogeneous outcomes. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to develop and validate the child-appealing packaging (CAP) coding tool, which measures the presence, type, and power of child-appealing marketing on food packaging based on the marketing techniques displayed. Children (n = 15) participated in a mixed-methods validation study comprising a binary classification (child-appealing packaging? Yes/No) and ranking (order of preference/marketing power) activity using mock breakfast cereal packages (quantitative) and focus group discussions (qualitative). The percent agreement, Cohen’s Kappa statistic, Spearman’s Rank correlation, and cross-classification analyses tested the agreement between children’s and the CAP tool’s evaluation of packages’ child-appeal and marketing power (criterion validity) and the content analysis tested the relevance of the CAP marketing techniques (content validity). There was an 80% agreement, and “moderate” pairwise agreement (κ [95% CI]: 0.54 [0.35, 0.73]) between children/CAP binary classifications and “strong” correlation ( r s [95% CI]: 0.78 [0.63, 0.89]) between children/CAP rankings of packages, with 71.1% of packages ranked in the exact agreement. The marketing techniques included in the CAP tool corresponded to those children found pertinent. Pilot results suggest the criterion/content validity of the CAP tool for measuring child-appealing marketing on packaging in accordance with children’s preferences.
    Keywords child-appealing marketing ; marketing to kids ; food marketing ; marketing power ; marketing techniques ; validation ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Medication-Related Problems and Interventions Identified and Addressed by Pharmacists Conducting Enhanced Medication Therapy Management Services.

    Knockel, Laura E / Kim, Yury / Kent, Kelly / Doucette, William R

    Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 5

    Abstract: Pharmacists identify, resolve, and document medication-related problems (MRPs) in community pharmacies. Enhanced medication therapy management (eMTM) targets specific situations, such as high-risk medications, while continuous medication monitoring (CoMM) ...

    Abstract Pharmacists identify, resolve, and document medication-related problems (MRPs) in community pharmacies. Enhanced medication therapy management (eMTM) targets specific situations, such as high-risk medications, while continuous medication monitoring (CoMM) occurs for every patient and is integrated into the dispensing process. This study describes types and frequencies of MRPs and interventions for health plan-directed eMTM and pharmacist-identified CoMM for a cohort of Medicare Part D patients. Pharmacy dispensing and clinical records from one independent community pharmacy in the Midwest were reviewed for patients eligible for eMTM in 2019. Data were coded for medication-related problems and interventions; descriptive statistics were calculated. Forty-seven patients were included in the study, resulting in 439 health plan-directed and 775 pharmacist-identified MRPs and corresponding interventions for a total of 1214 over 12 months. The average age of the patients was 77; they received an average of about 14 medications dispensed over 25 dates. Nonadherence was the most common MRP overall, as well as for the two categories separately. Patient Counseling and Lab Values Needed MRPs were found more often by pharmacists. Continue to Monitor was the most common intervention flagged overall. Medication Discontinued was found more often in health plan-directed interventions; Patient Counseling occurred more frequently in pharmacist-identified interventions. Using pharmacists to identify MRPs can complement health plan-driven eMTM, which can provide more complete medication management. Future work is needed to determine if this approach is reproducible in other pharmacies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2737194-3
    ISSN 2226-4787 ; 2226-4787
    ISSN (online) 2226-4787
    ISSN 2226-4787
    DOI 10.3390/pharmacy10050111
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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