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  1. Article ; Online: Quarantine in a COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons from a Deployed Role I.

    Shahbodaghi, S David / Biehler, Joseph L / Escamilla, Bryan R / Kwon, Paul O

    Medical journal (Fort Sam Houston, Tex.)

    2022  , Issue Per 22-07/08/09, Page(s) 70–76

    Abstract: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the world; and the US military changed with it. Although this virus presents with a wide spectrum of disease progression (no symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome leading to death), its impact ... ...

    Abstract The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the world; and the US military changed with it. Although this virus presents with a wide spectrum of disease progression (no symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome leading to death), its impact extends beyond health outcomes. At the time of this study, numerous research and development projects were underway to develop a COVID-19 vaccine or other treatment modalities; however, there were no Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approved vaccines or medical therapeutics that definitively provided a cure. Instead, public health officials relied on non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) as a main strategy to contain and mitigate the disease. The US military in partnership with host nation countries, such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, exemplified unity of effort through a coordinated response: mass testing, prompt contact tracing, quarantine, and isolation. One main non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) strategy includes social distancing which has been shown to significantly impact pandemic influenza transmission translating to COVID-19 mitigation measures. In the military, strict adherence to quarantine, restriction of movement, and isolation orders can be a challenge since appropriate facilities and resources are limited in deployed and training environments. Further, asymptomatic carriage and transmission of COVID-19 disease (mean incubation time 6.2 days and range of 2-14 days) can complicate quarantine and testing methodologies. Moreover, deployment of the NPI mitigation strategies such as quarantine and isolation in an effective and timely manner is essential to prevent further spread. In essence, quarantine is the prevention, and isolation is the cure. This paper aims to describe how a deployed US Army Role I can effectively utilize NPI and containment strategies during a global pandemic in an austere environment.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Quarantine ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2694-3611
    ISSN (online) 2694-3611
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: COVID-19 in a Role I Evacuation: A Case Series.

    Shahbodaghi, S David / Biehler, Joseph L / Kwon, Paul O

    Medical journal (Fort Sam Houston, Tex.)

    2021  , Issue PB 8-21-01/02/03, Page(s) 118–121

    Abstract: Since December 2019, the novel SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) became an emerging infectious disease pathogen that led to a global pandemic with over 43 million cases reported worldwide and more than 1.1 million global deaths ...

    Abstract Since December 2019, the novel SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) became an emerging infectious disease pathogen that led to a global pandemic with over 43 million cases reported worldwide and more than 1.1 million global deaths (as of 26 Oct 2020, from https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html). Commonly known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), this pathogen presents with a broad spectrum of disease progression and manifestations (no symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome leading to severe complications and death).1,2 Multiple publications have reported risk of disease and co-morbidities to include select underlying medical conditions and risks: older age (≥65 years), hypertension (HTN), cardiovascular disease, smoking, chronic respiratory disease, cancer, diabetes (DM), obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), and male sex.2,3,4,5,6,7,8 In one study, researchers found severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission alone.8 Nonetheless, risk factors for severity of the disease are determined by the pathogen, host, and environment.9.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Air Ambulances ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/therapy ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Military Personnel ; Patient Transfer
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-05
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2694-3611
    ISSN (online) 2694-3611
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on need for operative intervention for idiopathic adhesive capsulitis.

    Bi, Andrew S / Papalia, Aidan G / Romeo, Paul V / Schoof, Lauren H / Kwon, Young W / Rokito, Andrew S / Zuckerman, Joseph D / Virk, Mandeep S

    JSES international

    2023  Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) 793–798

    Abstract: Background: The exact pathogenesis of idiopathic adhesive capsulitis (IAC) is not fully understood, but an inflammatory profibrotic cascade, largely mediated by transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF- β1) has been implicated. Angiotensin II receptor ... ...

    Abstract Background: The exact pathogenesis of idiopathic adhesive capsulitis (IAC) is not fully understood, but an inflammatory profibrotic cascade, largely mediated by transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF- β1) has been implicated. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) both decrease the activity of TGF-β1. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of ACE-Is or ARBs use on the need for operative intervention in IAC.
    Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients from a single institutional database with IAC, divided into two cohorts, with and without ACE-I and/or ARB use as the primary exposure and a minimum 2-year follow-up. The primary outcome measured was the incidence of operative intervention including manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) and arthroscopic capsular release (ACR). Additional multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate associations between ACE-I/ARB use and likelihood of undergoing an operative procedure.
    Results: A total of 17,645 patients met inclusion criteria, with 5424 patients in the ACE-I/ARB cohort and 12,221 in the non-ACE-I/ARB cohort. Overall, 422 (2.4%) patients underwent surgical treatment, 378 (2.1%) ACR, and 74 (0.4%) MUA. There was no significant difference between cohorts in the frequency of surgical procedures or time to procedure since diagnosis. There were no significant differences between individual ACE-Is or ARBs, although Losartan was found to have a trend of decreased rate of intervention (31.7% vs. 36.8%,
    Conclusion: Patients with IAC have an overall low (2.4%) rate of requiring surgical intervention. While the antifibrotic mechanism of ACE inhibitors and ARBs did not significantly affect the rate of requiring surgical intervention, male gender, obesity, younger age, and diabetes, all increased the risk for operative intervention. Losartan, specifically, may have a disease modifying effect on IAC that should be investigated with larger controlled trials.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2666-6383
    ISSN (online) 2666-6383
    DOI 10.1016/j.jseint.2023.06.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Suramin binds and inhibits infection of SARS-CoV-2 through both spike protein-heparan sulfate and ACE2 receptor interactions.

    Kwon, Paul S / Xu, Shirley / Oh, Hanseul / Kwon, Seok-Joon / Rodrigues, Andre L / Feroz, Maisha / Fraser, Keith / He, Peng / Zhang, Fuming / Hong, Jung Joo / Linhardt, Robert J / Dordick, Jonathan S

    Communications biology

    2023  Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 387

    Abstract: ... infection occurs through dual SARS-CoV-2 targets of S-protein binding and previously reported RNA-dependent ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domains (RBDs) interact with both the ACE2 receptor and heparan sulfate on the surface of host cells to enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection. We show that suramin, a polysulfated synthetic drug, binds to the ACE2 receptor and heparan sulfate binding sites on the RBDs of wild-type, Delta, and Omicron variants. Specifically, heparan sulfate and suramin had enhanced preferential binding for Omicron RBD, and suramin is most potent against the live SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) when compared to wild type and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants in vitro. These results suggest that inhibition of live virus infection occurs through dual SARS-CoV-2 targets of S-protein binding and previously reported RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibition and offers the possibility for this and other polysulfated molecules to be used as potential therapeutic and prophylactic options against COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Suramin/pharmacology ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Heparitin Sulfate
    Chemical Substances Suramin (6032D45BEM) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23) ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Heparitin Sulfate (9050-30-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2399-3642
    ISSN (online) 2399-3642
    DOI 10.1038/s42003-023-04789-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Obesity does not alter vascular function and handgrip exercise hemodynamics in middle-aged patients with hypertension.

    Ratchford, Stephen M / Broxterman, Ryan M / La Salle, D Taylor / Kwon, Oh Sung / Hopkins, Paul N / Richardson, Russell S / Trinity, Joel D

    American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology

    2023  Volume 326, Issue 1, Page(s) R1–R9

    Abstract: Lifestyle modification including exercise training is often the first line of defense in the treatment of obesity and hypertension (HTN), however, little is known regarding how these potentially compounding disease states impact vasodilatory and ... ...

    Abstract Lifestyle modification including exercise training is often the first line of defense in the treatment of obesity and hypertension (HTN), however, little is known regarding how these potentially compounding disease states impact vasodilatory and hemodynamic responses at baseline and exercise. Therefore, this study sought to compare the impact of obesity on vascular function and hemodynamics at baseline and during handgrip (HG) exercise among individuals with HTN. Non-obese (13M/7F, 56 ± 16 yr, 25 ± 4 kg/m
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Hand Strength ; Hemodynamics ; Hypertension ; Exercise/physiology ; Blood Pressure ; Obesity ; Vasodilation/physiology ; Hypotension ; Brachial Artery ; Regional Blood Flow
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 603839-6
    ISSN 1522-1490 ; 0363-6119
    ISSN (online) 1522-1490
    ISSN 0363-6119
    DOI 10.1152/ajpregu.00105.2023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Suramin binds and inhibits infection of SARS-CoV-2 through both spike protein-heparan sulfate and ACE2 receptor interactions

    Paul S. Kwon / Shirley Xu / Hanseul Oh / Seok-Joon Kwon / Andre L. Rodrigues / Maisha Feroz / Keith Fraser / Peng He / Fuming Zhang / Jung Joo Hong / Robert J. Linhardt / Jonathan S. Dordick

    Communications Biology, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 8

    Abstract: Suramin, a polysulfated synthetic drug, binds to the ACE2 receptor and heparan sulfate binding sites on SARS-CoV-2 RBDs with preferential binding for Omicron RBD and inhibition of infection by the Omicron variant in vitro. ...

    Abstract Suramin, a polysulfated synthetic drug, binds to the ACE2 receptor and heparan sulfate binding sites on SARS-CoV-2 RBDs with preferential binding for Omicron RBD and inhibition of infection by the Omicron variant in vitro.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Nanoarchitectonics of Metal-Free Porous Polyketone as Photocatalytic Assemblies for Artificial Photosynthesis.

    Mondal, Sujan / Powar, Niket S / Paul, Ratul / Kwon, Hyuna / Das, Nitumani / Wong, Bryan M / In, Su-Il / Mondal, John

    ACS applied materials & interfaces

    2021  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 771–783

    Abstract: The main component of natural gas is methane, whose combustion contributes to global warming. As such, sustainable, energy-efficient, nonfossil-based methane production is needed to satisfy current energy demands and chemical feedstocks. In this article, ...

    Abstract The main component of natural gas is methane, whose combustion contributes to global warming. As such, sustainable, energy-efficient, nonfossil-based methane production is needed to satisfy current energy demands and chemical feedstocks. In this article, we have constructed a metal-free porous polyketone (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1944-8252
    ISSN (online) 1944-8252
    DOI 10.1021/acsami.1c18626
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Potential-induced wetting and dewetting in pH-responsive block copolymer membranes for mass transport control.

    Kwon, Seung-Ryong / Baek, Seol / Bohn, Paul W

    Faraday discussions

    2022  Volume 233, Page(s) 283–294

    Abstract: Wetting and dewetting behavior in channel-confined hydrophobic volumes is used in biological membranes to effect selective ion/molecular transport. Artificial biomimetic hydrophobic nanopores have been devised utilizing wetting and dewetting, however, ... ...

    Abstract Wetting and dewetting behavior in channel-confined hydrophobic volumes is used in biological membranes to effect selective ion/molecular transport. Artificial biomimetic hydrophobic nanopores have been devised utilizing wetting and dewetting, however, tunable mass transport control utilizing multiple transport modes is required for applications such as controllable release/transport, water separation/purification and energy conversion. Here, we investigate the potential-induced wetting and dewetting behavior in a pH-responsive membrane composed of a polystyrene-
    MeSH term(s) Electrodes ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Nanopores ; Nanotechnology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 1364-5498
    ISSN (online) 1364-5498
    DOI 10.1039/d1fd00048a
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Designer DNA nanostructures for viral inhibition.

    Ren, Shaokang / Fraser, Keith / Kuo, Lili / Chauhan, Neha / Adrian, Addison T / Zhang, Fuming / Linhardt, Robert J / Kwon, Paul S / Wang, Xing

    Nature protocols

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 2, Page(s) 282–326

    Abstract: Emerging viral diseases can substantially threaten national and global public health. Central to our ability to successfully tackle these diseases is the need to quickly detect the causative virus and neutralize it efficiently. Here we present the ... ...

    Abstract Emerging viral diseases can substantially threaten national and global public health. Central to our ability to successfully tackle these diseases is the need to quickly detect the causative virus and neutralize it efficiently. Here we present the rational design of DNA nanostructures to inhibit dengue virus infection. The designer DNA nanostructure (DDN) can bind to complementary epitopes on antigens dispersed across the surface of a viral particle. Since these antigens are arranged in a defined geometric pattern that is unique to each virus, the structure of the DDN is designed to mirror the spatial arrangement of antigens on the viral particle, providing very high viral binding avidity. We describe how available structural data can be used to identify unique spatial patterns of antigens on the surface of a viral particle. We then present a procedure for synthesizing DDNs using a combination of in silico design principles, self-assembly, and characterization using gel electrophoresis, atomic force microscopy and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. Finally, we evaluate the efficacy of a DDN in inhibiting dengue virus infection via plaque-forming assays. We expect this protocol to take 2-3 d to complete virus antigen pattern identification from existing cryogenic electron microscopy data, ~2 weeks for DDN design, synthesis, and virus binding characterization, and ~2 weeks for DDN cytotoxicity and antiviral efficacy assays.
    MeSH term(s) Nanostructures
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2244966-8
    ISSN 1750-2799 ; 1754-2189
    ISSN (online) 1750-2799
    ISSN 1754-2189
    DOI 10.1038/s41596-021-00641-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Oligo(Lactic Acid)

    Repp, Lauren / Unterberger, Christopher J / Ye, Zhengqing / Feltenberger, John B / Swanson, Steven M / Marker, Paul C / Kwon, Glen S

    Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 10

    Abstract: Docetaxel (DTX) is among the most frequently prescribed chemotherapy drugs and has recently been shown to extend survival in advanced prostate cancer patients. However, the poor water solubility of DTX prevents full exploitation of this potent anticancer ...

    Abstract Docetaxel (DTX) is among the most frequently prescribed chemotherapy drugs and has recently been shown to extend survival in advanced prostate cancer patients. However, the poor water solubility of DTX prevents full exploitation of this potent anticancer drug. The current marketed formulation, Taxotere
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662255-5
    ISSN 2079-4991
    ISSN 2079-4991
    DOI 10.3390/nano11102745
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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