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Article ; Online: Correlation of Different Methods of Measuring Pronation of the First Metatarsal on Weightbearing CT Scans.

Conti, Matthew S / Patel, Tamanna J / Caolo, Kristin C / Amadio, Joseph M / Miller, Mark C / Costigliola, Stephen V / Ellis, Scott J / Conti, Stephen F

Foot & ankle international

2021 Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 1049–1059

Abstract: Background: There is no consensus in the foot and ankle literature regarding how to measure pronation of the first metatarsal in patients with hallux valgus. The primary purpose of this study was to compare 2 previously published methods for measuring ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is no consensus in the foot and ankle literature regarding how to measure pronation of the first metatarsal in patients with hallux valgus. The primary purpose of this study was to compare 2 previously published methods for measuring pronation of the first metatarsal and a novel 3-dimensional measurement of pronation to determine if different measurements of pronation are associated with each other. Methods: Thirty patients who underwent a modified Lapidus procedure for their hallux valgus deformity were included in this study. Pronation of the first metatarsal was measured on weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) scans using the α angle with reference to the floor, a 3-dimensional computer-aided design (3D CAD) calculation with reference to the second metatarsal, and a novel method, called the triplanar angle of pronation (TAP), that included references to both the floor (floor TAP) and base of the second metatarsal (second TAP). Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to determine if the 3 calculated angles of pronation correlated to each other. Results: Preoperative and postoperative α angle and 3D CAD had no correlation with each other ( Conclusion: The calculation of first metatarsal pronation is affected by the reference and technique used, and further work is needed to establish a consistent measurement for the foot and ankle community. Level of evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
MeSH term(s)	Hallux Valgus/diagnostic imaging ; Hallux Valgus/surgery ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones/diagnostic imaging ; Metatarsal Bones/surgery ; Pronation ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Weight-Bearing
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1183283-6
ISSN	1944-7876 ; 1071-1007
ISSN (online)	1944-7876
ISSN	1071-1007
DOI	10.1177/10711007211003090
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Article: Effective Mass for Holes in Paramagnetic, Plasmonic Cu

Kuszynski, Jason E / Kays, Joshua C / Conti, Carl R / McGill, Stephen A / Dennis, Allison M / Strouse, Geoffrey F

The journal of physical chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and interfaces

2022 Volume 126, Issue 30, Page(s) 12669–12679

Abstract: The impact of a magneto-structural phase transition on the carrier effective mass in ... ...

Abstract	The impact of a magneto-structural phase transition on the carrier effective mass in Cu
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1932-7447
ISSN	1932-7447
DOI	10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c03459
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Article: Impact of LEAP and CBT-AN Therapy on Improving Outcomes in Women with Anorexia Nervosa.

Hay, Phillipa / Mohsin, Mohammed / Liu, Liquan / Touyz, Stephen / Meyer, Caroline / Arcelus, Jon / Madden, Sloane / Attia, Evelyn / Pike, Kathleen M / Conti, Janet

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 8

Abstract: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental health disorder that has serious physical, emotional and social consequences. Whilst cognitive behavioural therapy for AN (CBT-AN) has demonstrated efficacy, there remains a global need to improve AN treatment. ... ...

Abstract	Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental health disorder that has serious physical, emotional and social consequences. Whilst cognitive behavioural therapy for AN (CBT-AN) has demonstrated efficacy, there remains a global need to improve AN treatment. Compulsive exercise activity therapy (LEAP) is an active therapy consisting of the addition to CBT-AN of eight specific sessions that focus on exercise and motivation for behavioural change. This paper presents a secondary analysis of 74 female participants in a randomised control trial of LEAP plus CBT-AN versus CBT-AN alone. The main aim of this study was to explore putative predictors and to estimate the magnitude of changes due to LEAP for specific outcome measures. Participants (LEAP: n = 36; CBT-AN: n = 38) were assessed at three successive surveys: baseline, end of therapy, and 6 months post-therapy. The overall effect sizes for changes between baseline to end of therapy and baseline to 6-month follow-up assessment showed large effect sizes (Cohen's
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2651997-5
ISSN	2076-328X
ISSN	2076-328X
DOI	10.3390/bs13080651
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Article: The generic drug user fee amendments: an economic perspective.

Berndt, Ernst R / Conti, Rena M / Murphy, Stephen J

Journal of law and the biosciences

2018 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 103–141

Abstract: Since the vast majority of prescription drugs consumed by Americans are off patent ('generic'), their regulation and supply is of wide interest. We describe events leading up to the US Congress's 2012 passage of the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments ( ... ...

Abstract	Since the vast majority of prescription drugs consumed by Americans are off patent ('generic'), their regulation and supply is of wide interest. We describe events leading up to the US Congress's 2012 passage of the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments (GDUFA I) as part of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA). Under GDUFA I, generic manufacturers agreed to pay approximately $300 million in fees each year of the five-year program. In exchange, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) committed to performance goals. We describe GDUFA I's FDA commitments, provisions, goals, and annual fee structure and compare it to that entailed in the authorization and implementation of GDUFA II on October 1, 2017. We explain how user fees required under GDUFA I erected barriers to entry and created scale and scope economies for incumbent manufacturers. Congress changed user fees under GDUFA II in part to lessen these incentives. In order to initiate and sustain user fees under GDUFA legislation, FDA requires the submission of self-reported data on generic manufacturers including domestic and foreign facilities. These data are public and our examination of them provides an unprecedented window into the recent organization of generic drug manufacturers supplying the US market. Our results suggest that generic drug manufacturing is increasingly concentrated and foreign. We discuss the implications of this observed market structure for GDUFA II's implementation among other outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2756090-9
ISSN	2053-9711
ISSN	2053-9711
DOI	10.1093/jlb/lsy002
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Article ; Online: The economic costs of child maltreatment in UK.

Conti, Gabriella / Pizzo, Elena / Morris, Stephen / Melnychuk, Mariya

Health economics

2021 Volume 30, Issue 12, Page(s) 3087–3105

Abstract: Child maltreatment is a major public health problem with significant consequences for individual victims and for society. In this paper, we quantify for the first time the economic costs of fatal and nonfatal child maltreatment in the UK in relation to ... ...

Abstract	Child maltreatment is a major public health problem with significant consequences for individual victims and for society. In this paper, we quantify for the first time the economic costs of fatal and nonfatal child maltreatment in the UK in relation to several short-, medium-, and long-term outcomes ranging from physical and mental health problems to labor market outcomes and welfare use. We combine novel regression analysis of rich data from the National Child Development Study and the English Longitudinal Study of Aging with secondary evidence to produce an incidence-based estimate of the lifetime costs of child maltreatment from a societal perspective. The discounted average lifetime incidence cost of nonfatal child maltreatment by a primary caregiver is estimated at £89,390 (95% uncertainty interval £44,896 to £145,508); the largest contributors to this are costs from social care, short-term health, and long-term labor market outcomes. The discounted lifetime cost per death from child maltreatment is estimated at £940,758, comprising health care and lost productivity costs. Our estimates provide the first comprehensive benchmark to quantify the costs of child maltreatment in the UK and the benefits of interventions aimed at reducing or preventing it.
MeSH term(s)	Caregivers ; Child ; Child Abuse ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Incidence ; Longitudinal Studies ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1135838-5
ISSN	1099-1050 ; 1057-9230
ISSN (online)	1099-1050
ISSN	1057-9230
DOI	10.1002/hec.4409
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Article: Transcriptome-Wide Association Analysis Identifies Novel Candidate Susceptibility Genes for Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels in Men Without Prostate Cancer.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2023

Abstract: Deciphering the genetic basis of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels may improve their utility to screen for prostate cancer (PCa). We thus conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) of PSA levels using genome-wide summary statistics from ...

Abstract	Deciphering the genetic basis of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels may improve their utility to screen for prostate cancer (PCa). We thus conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) of PSA levels using genome-wide summary statistics from 95,768 PCa-free men, the MetaXcan framework, and gene prediction models trained in Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project data. Tissue-specific analyses identified 41 statistically significant (p < 0.05/12,192 = 4.10e-6) associations in whole blood and 39 statistically significant (p < 0.05/13,844 = 3.61e-6) associations in prostate tissue, with 18 genes associated in both tissues. Cross-tissue analyses that combined associations across 45 tissues identified 155 genes that were statistically significantly (p < 0.05/22,249 = 2.25e-6) associated with PSA levels. Based on conditional analyses that assessed whether TWAS associations were attributable to a lead GWAS variant, we found 20 novel genes (11 single-tissue, 9 cross-tissue) that were associated with PSA levels in the TWAS. Of these novel genes, five showed evidence of colocalization (colocalization probability > 0.5):
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.05.04.23289526
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Article ; Online: Genetics and Age-Related Eye Disease Study Formulation Interaction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Kaufman, Stephen R / Yoganathan, Pradeepa / Small, Kent W / Rusia, Deepam / Pachydaki, Sophia I / Conti, Stephen M / Wenz, Robert E / Gersman, Mark A / Shaya, Fadi S / Kustra, Rafal

Journal of vitreoretinal diseases

2020 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 46–52

Abstract: Purpose: This work aims to determine whether previously defined genotype risk groups interact with Age-Related Eye Disease Study formulation (AREDS-F) use in progression to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD).: Methods: We conducted ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: This work aims to determine whether previously defined genotype risk groups interact with Age-Related Eye Disease Study formulation (AREDS-F) use in progression to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD). Methods: We conducted a case-only study of 265 nvAMD patients. Patients were anonymously genotyped at the complement factor H and age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 loci and segregated into genotype groups (GTGs) defined by specific combinations of risk alleles. Physicians, who were blind to patients' GTGs, obtained patients' AREDS-F use history. The facility performing genetic analysis was blind to the AREDS-F use history. We used logistic analysis to estimate the interaction coefficient between AREDS-F use and GTG 2 vs GTG 3 in a general-population model. Results: The odds ratio of numbers of patients reporting prior AREDS-F use to nonuse for GTG 2 vs GTG 3 was 4.18 ( Conclusions: Our data indicate an interaction between GTGs and AREDS-F use that is consistent in size and direction with previously published reports, which had found that using AREDS-F supplements significantly increases the risk of nvAMD for some users and significantly protects other users.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2474-1272
ISSN (online)	2474-1272
DOI	10.1177/2474126420941713
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Article ; Online: The Association of Crista Volume With Sesamoid Position as Measured From 3D Reconstructions of Weightbearing CT Scans.

Clarke, Audrey J / Conti, Stephen F / Conti, Matthew / Fadle, Amr A / Ellis, Scott J / Miller, Mark Carl

Foot & ankle international

2021 Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 658–664

Abstract: Background: Malposition of the sesamoids relative to the first metatarsal head may relate to intersesamoid crista underdevelopment or erosion. Using 3-dimensional models created from weightbearing CT (WBCT) scans, the current work examined crista volume ...

Abstract	Background: Malposition of the sesamoids relative to the first metatarsal head may relate to intersesamoid crista underdevelopment or erosion. Using 3-dimensional models created from weightbearing CT (WBCT) scans, the current work examined crista volume and its relationship to first metatarsal pronation and sesamoid station. Methods: Thirty-eight hallux valgus (HV) patients and 10 normal subjects underwent weightbearing or simulated WBCT imaging. The crista was outlined by the inferior articular surface, and a line was drawn to connect the lowest point of each sulcus on either side of the intersesamoidal crista throughout the length of the crista. The volume was calculated. Sesamoid station and first metatarsal pronation were calculated from the 3D reconstructions. The mean crista volumes between HV and normal patients were statistically compared, as were the crista volume and pronation angle between sesamoid stations. Results: The mean crista volume in HV patients was 80.10 ± 35 mm Conclusion: HV patients have lower mean crista volume than normal patients. Crista volume is correlated with sesamoid station. Pronation of the first metatarsal was not associated with crista volume. Clinical relevance: Crista volume may offer an additional determinant for the severity of hallux valgus.
MeSH term(s)	Bunion ; Hallux Valgus/diagnostic imaging ; Hallux Valgus/surgery ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Metatarsal Bones/diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Weight-Bearing
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1183283-6
ISSN	1944-7876 ; 1071-1007
ISSN (online)	1944-7876
ISSN	1071-1007
DOI	10.1177/10711007211061363
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Article: The Genomic Response to TGF-β1 Dictates Failed Repair and Progression of Fibrotic Disease in the Obstructed Kidney.

Higgins, Craig E / Tang, Jiaqi / Higgins, Stephen P / Gifford, Cody C / Mian, Badar M / Jones, David M / Zhang, Wenzheng / Costello, Angelica / Conti, David J / Samarakoon, Rohan / Higgins, Paul J

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology

2021 Volume 9, Page(s) 678524

Abstract: Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common and diagnostic hallmark of a spectrum of chronic renal disorders. While the etiology varies as to the causative nature of the underlying pathology, persistent TGF-β1 signaling drives the relentless progression of ... ...

Abstract	Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common and diagnostic hallmark of a spectrum of chronic renal disorders. While the etiology varies as to the causative nature of the underlying pathology, persistent TGF-β1 signaling drives the relentless progression of renal fibrotic disease. TGF-β1 orchestrates the multifaceted program of kidney fibrogenesis involving proximal tubular dysfunction, failed epithelial recovery or re-differentiation, capillary collapse and subsequent interstitial fibrosis eventually leading to chronic and ultimately end-stage disease. An increasing complement of non-canonical elements function as co-factors in TGF-β1 signaling. p53 is a particularly prominent transcriptional co-regulator of several TGF-β1 fibrotic-response genes by complexing with TGF-β1 receptor-activated SMADs. This cooperative p53/TGF-β1 genomic cluster includes genes involved in cellular proliferative control, survival, apoptosis, senescence, and ECM remodeling. While the molecular basis for this co-dependency remains to be determined, a subset of TGF-β1-regulated genes possess both p53- and SMAD-binding motifs. Increases in p53 expression and phosphorylation, moreover, are evident in various forms of renal injury as well as kidney allograft rejection. Targeted reduction of p53 levels by pharmacologic and genetic approaches attenuates expression of the involved genes and mitigates the fibrotic response confirming a key role for p53 in renal disorders. This review focuses on mechanisms underlying TGF-β1-induced renal fibrosis largely in the context of ureteral obstruction, which mimics the pathophysiology of pediatric unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction, and the role of p53 as a transcriptional regulator within the TGF-β1 repertoire of fibrosis-promoting genes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2737824-X
ISSN	2296-634X
ISSN	2296-634X
DOI	10.3389/fcell.2021.678524
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Article ; Online: Causal effects on complex traits are similar for common variants across segments of different continental ancestries within admixed individuals.

Hou, Kangcheng / Ding, Yi / Xu, Ziqi / Wu, Yue / Bhattacharya, Arjun / Mester, Rachel / Belbin, Gillian M / Buyske, Steve / Conti, David V / Darst, Burcu F / Fornage, Myriam / Gignoux, Chris / Guo, Xiuqing / Haiman, Christopher / Kenny, Eimear E / Kim, Michelle / Kooperberg, Charles / Lange, Leslie / Manichaikul, Ani /

North, Kari E / Peters, Ulrike / Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J / Rich, Stephen S / Rotter, Jerome I / Wheeler, Heather E / Wojcik, Genevieve L / Zhou, Ying / Sankararaman, Sriram / Pasaniuc, Bogdan

Nature genetics

2023 Volume 55, Issue 4, Page(s) 549–558

Abstract: Individuals of admixed ancestries (for example, African Americans) inherit a mosaic of ancestry segments (local ancestry) originating from multiple continental ancestral populations. This offers the unique opportunity of investigating the similarity of ... ...

Abstract	Individuals of admixed ancestries (for example, African Americans) inherit a mosaic of ancestry segments (local ancestry) originating from multiple continental ancestral populations. This offers the unique opportunity of investigating the similarity of genetic effects on traits across ancestries within the same population. Here we introduce an approach to estimate correlation of causal genetic effects (r
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Genetics, Population ; Multifactorial Inheritance/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study/methods ; Racial Groups/genetics ; Black or African American/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1108734-1
ISSN	1546-1718 ; 1061-4036
ISSN (online)	1546-1718
ISSN	1061-4036
DOI	10.1038/s41588-023-01338-6
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