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  1. Article ; Online: Symptom study app provides real-world data on COVID-19 vaccines.

    Drury, Ruth E / O'Connor, Daniel

    The Lancet. Infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 7, Page(s) 890–891

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Mobile Applications ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2061641-7
    ISSN 1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
    ISSN (online) 1474-4457
    ISSN 1473-3099
    DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00264-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Cardiac and Liver Disease in Children: Implications for Management Before and After Liver Transplantation.

    Ruth, Nicola D / Drury, Nigel E / Bennett, James / Kelly, Deirdre A

    Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society

    2019  Volume 26, Issue 3, Page(s) 437–449

    Abstract: There is close interaction between the functions of the liver and heart affecting the presentation, diagnosis, and outcome of acute and chronic cardiac and liver disease. Conditions affecting both organ systems should be considered when proposing ... ...

    Abstract There is close interaction between the functions of the liver and heart affecting the presentation, diagnosis, and outcome of acute and chronic cardiac and liver disease. Conditions affecting both organ systems should be considered when proposing transplantation because the interaction between cardiac disease and liver disease has implications for diagnosis, management, selection for transplantation, and, ultimately, for longterm outcomes after liver transplantation (LT). The combination of cardiac and liver disease is well recognized in adults but is less appreciated in pediatric patients. The focus of this review is to describe conditions affecting both the liver and heart and how they affect selection and management of LT in the pediatric population.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Child ; Heart ; Heart Diseases/diagnosis ; Heart Diseases/etiology ; Heart Diseases/surgery ; Humans ; Liver Diseases/diagnosis ; Liver Diseases/surgery ; Liver Transplantation/adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2006866-9
    ISSN 1527-6473 ; 1527-6465
    ISSN (online) 1527-6473
    ISSN 1527-6465
    DOI 10.1002/lt.25666
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Ecosystem‐scale mapping of coral species and thermal tolerance

    Drury, Crawford / Martin, Roberta E / Knapp, David E / Heckler, Joseph / Levy, Joshua / Gates, Ruth D / Asner, Gregory P

    Frontiers in ecology and the environment. 2022 June, v. 20, no. 5

    2022  

    Abstract: The global decline of coral reefs urgently requires scalable colony‐level data about phenotypic variation to improve coral conservation and management. To address this, we leveraged historical bleaching phenotypes, airborne imaging spectroscopy, and ... ...

    Abstract The global decline of coral reefs urgently requires scalable colony‐level data about phenotypic variation to improve coral conservation and management. To address this, we leveraged historical bleaching phenotypes, airborne imaging spectroscopy, and recurrent temperature stress to map coral species composition and thermal tolerance across four focal reefs with a cumulative area of ~15 ha. Spectral data accurately distinguished benthic composition and coral species, and showed substantial capacity for mapping thermal tolerance in two species of healthy coral. We used thermal stress from a 2019 marine heatwave to demonstrate high prediction accuracy during a natural bleaching event, and to strengthen the links between predictions, conserved tolerance phenotypes, and spectral signatures. Large differences in the proportion of tolerant corals at individual reefs suggest that ecosystem‐scale “winners” and “losers” in future bleaching can be predicted, which may greatly increase the efficacy of management. This framework provides foundational evidence for the applicability of organismic‐scale remote sensing to coral conservation.
    Keywords corals ; environment ; heat tolerance ; phenotypic variation ; prediction ; species diversity ; spectral analysis ; spectroscopy ; temperature ; thermal stress
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-06
    Size p. 285-291.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2110853-5
    ISSN 1540-9309 ; 1540-9295
    ISSN (online) 1540-9309
    ISSN 1540-9295
    DOI 10.1002/fee.2483
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Multi-omics analysis reveals COVID-19 vaccine induced attenuation of inflammatory responses during breakthrough disease.

    Drury, Ruth E / Camara, Susana / Chelysheva, Irina / Bibi, Sagida / Sanders, Katherine / Felle, Salle / Emary, Katherine / Phillips, Daniel / Voysey, Merryn / Ferreira, Daniela M / Klenerman, Paul / Gilbert, Sarah C / Lambe, Teresa / Pollard, Andrew J / O'Connor, Daniel

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 3402

    Abstract: The immune mechanisms mediating COVID-19 vaccine attenuation of COVID-19 remain undescribed. We conducted comprehensive analyses detailing immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 virus in blood post-vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or a placebo. Samples from ... ...

    Abstract The immune mechanisms mediating COVID-19 vaccine attenuation of COVID-19 remain undescribed. We conducted comprehensive analyses detailing immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 virus in blood post-vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or a placebo. Samples from randomised placebo-controlled trials (NCT04324606 and NCT04400838) were taken at baseline, onset of COVID-19-like symptoms, and 7 days later, confirming COVID-19 using nucleic amplification test (NAAT test) via real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Serum cytokines were measured with multiplexed immunoassays. The transcriptome was analysed with long, short and small RNA sequencing. We found attenuation of RNA inflammatory signatures in ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 compared with placebo vaccinees and reduced levels of serum proteins associated with COVID-19 severity. KREMEN1, a putative alternative SARS-CoV-2 receptor, was downregulated in placebo compared with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccinees. Vaccination ameliorates reductions in cell counts across leukocyte populations and platelets noted at COVID-19 onset, without inducing potentially deleterious Th2-skewed immune responses. Multi-omics integration links a global reduction in miRNA expression at COVID-19 onset to increased pro-inflammatory responses at the mRNA level. This study reveals insights into the role of COVID-19 vaccines in mitigating disease severity by abrogating pro-inflammatory responses associated with severe COVID-19, affirming vaccine-mediated benefit in breakthrough infection, and highlighting the importance of clinically relevant endpoints in vaccine evaluation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-47463-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: The Clinical Application of MicroRNAs in Infectious Disease.

    Drury, Ruth E / O'Connor, Daniel / Pollard, Andrew J

    Frontiers in immunology

    2017  Volume 8, Page(s) 1182

    Abstract: ... attenuated vaccines, e.g., against Dengue virus. This comprehensive review synthesizes current knowledge of miRNA ...

    Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short single-stranded non-coding RNA sequences that posttranscriptionally regulate up to 60% of protein encoding genes. Evidence is emerging that miRNAs are key mediators of the host response to infection, predominantly by regulating proteins involved in innate and adaptive immune pathways. miRNAs can govern the cellular tropism of some viruses, are implicated in the resistance of some individuals to infections like HIV, and are associated with impaired vaccine response in older people. Not surprisingly, pathogens have evolved ways to undermine the effects of miRNAs on immunity. Recognition of this has led to new experimental treatments, RG-101 and Miravirsen-hepatitis C treatments which target host miRNA. miRNAs are being investigated as novel infection biomarkers, and they are being used to design attenuated vaccines, e.g., against Dengue virus. This comprehensive review synthesizes current knowledge of miRNA in host response to infection with emphasis on potential clinical applications, along with an evaluation of the challenges still to be overcome.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01182
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Preconditioning improves bleaching tolerance in the reef-building coral Pocillopora acuta through modulations in the programmed cell death pathways.

    Majerova, Eva / Carey, Fiona C / Drury, Crawford / Gates, Ruth D

    Molecular ecology

    2021  Volume 30, Issue 14, Page(s) 3560–3574

    Abstract: Reef-building corals rely on intracellular algal symbionts to meet energetic demands. Increasing extreme weather driven by climate change often leads to disruption of this symbiosis and to coral death. Corals can better withstand stress after previous ... ...

    Abstract Reef-building corals rely on intracellular algal symbionts to meet energetic demands. Increasing extreme weather driven by climate change often leads to disruption of this symbiosis and to coral death. Corals can better withstand stress after previous exposure to sublethal conditions, but the mechanisms for this resilience remain unclear. Here, we show that a three-day thermal preconditioning increases tolerance of acute heat stress through modulations in cell death pathways in the stony coral Pocillopora acuta. In preconditioned corals, the ratio of pro-survival (pa-Bcl-2 and pa-BI-1) to pro-death (pa-BAK and pa-BAX) gene expression increased and the corals underwent significantly less bleaching. When treated with Bcl-2 inhibitor, corals lost the improved thermal tolerance, suggesting an important role of programmed cell death in coral bleaching and acclimatization. During heat stress, the activity of acid phosphatase increased but caspase-3 did not, suggesting the involvement of autophagy/symbiophagy rather than apoptosis in this process. A similar shift in gene expression also occurs in thermally stressed corals that have been exposed to naturally higher temperatures during summer thermal maxima in Kāne'ohe Bay, Hawai'i, suggesting that corals can increase their resilience to realistic warming events during high-risk periods through alterations in cell signalling. These data suggest that programmed cell death pathways underly coral acclimatization and resilience and may be important for coral reef conservation and management.
    MeSH term(s) Acclimatization ; Animals ; Anthozoa/genetics ; Apoptosis ; Coral Reefs ; Hawaii ; Symbiosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1126687-9
    ISSN 1365-294X ; 0962-1083
    ISSN (online) 1365-294X
    ISSN 0962-1083
    DOI 10.1111/mec.15988
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Preconditioning improves bleaching tolerance in the reef‐building coral Pocillopora acuta through modulations in the programmed cell death pathways

    Majerova, Eva / Carey, Fiona C. / Drury, Crawford / Gates, Ruth D.

    Molecular ecology. 2021 July, v. 30, no. 14

    2021  

    Abstract: Reef‐building corals rely on intracellular algal symbionts to meet energetic demands. Increasing extreme weather driven by climate change often leads to disruption of this symbiosis and to coral death. Corals can better withstand stress after previous ... ...

    Abstract Reef‐building corals rely on intracellular algal symbionts to meet energetic demands. Increasing extreme weather driven by climate change often leads to disruption of this symbiosis and to coral death. Corals can better withstand stress after previous exposure to sublethal conditions, but the mechanisms for this resilience remain unclear. Here, we show that a three‐day thermal preconditioning increases tolerance of acute heat stress through modulations in cell death pathways in the stony coral Pocillopora acuta. In preconditioned corals, the ratio of pro‐survival (pa‐Bcl‐2 and pa‐BI‐1) to pro‐death (pa‐BAK and pa‐BAX) gene expression increased and the corals underwent significantly less bleaching. When treated with Bcl‐2 inhibitor, corals lost the improved thermal tolerance, suggesting an important role of programmed cell death in coral bleaching and acclimatization. During heat stress, the activity of acid phosphatase increased but caspase‐3 did not, suggesting the involvement of autophagy/symbiophagy rather than apoptosis in this process. A similar shift in gene expression also occurs in thermally stressed corals that have been exposed to naturally higher temperatures during summer thermal maxima in Kāneʻohe Bay, Hawaiʻi, suggesting that corals can increase their resilience to realistic warming events during high‐risk periods through alterations in cell signalling. These data suggest that programmed cell death pathways underly coral acclimatization and resilience and may be important for coral reef conservation and management.
    Keywords Scleractinia ; acclimation ; acid phosphatase ; algae ; apoptosis ; autophagy ; caspase-3 ; climate change ; coral reefs ; corals ; death ; gene expression ; heat stress ; heat tolerance ; summer ; symbionts ; symbiosis ; weather
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-07
    Size p. 3560-3574.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1126687-9
    ISSN 1365-294X ; 0962-1083
    ISSN (online) 1365-294X
    ISSN 0962-1083
    DOI 10.1111/mec.15988
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: The effect of H1N1 vaccination on serum miRNA expression in children: A tale of caution for microRNA microarray studies.

    Drury, Ruth Elizabeth / Pollard, Andrew John / O'Connor, Daniel

    PloS one

    2019  Volume 14, Issue 8, Page(s) e0221143

    Abstract: ... microRNAs but the effect of vaccination on the global microRNA population (i.e. micronome) has never been ...

    Abstract Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small regulatory RNAs around 21-25 nucleotides in length which govern many aspects of immunity including the host innate and adaptive responses to infection. RT-qPCR studies of select microRNAs show that vaccination alters the expression circulating microRNAs but the effect of vaccination on the global microRNA population (i.e. micronome) has never been studied.
    Aim: To describe vaccine associated changes in the expression of microRNAs 21 days after vaccination in children receiving a pandemic influenza (H1N1) vaccination.
    Method: Serum samples were obtained from children aged 6 months to 12 years enrolled in an open label randomised control trial of two pandemic influenza (H1N1) vaccines, in which participants received either ASO3B adjuvanted split virion or a whole virion non-adjuvanted vaccine. MicroRNA expression was profiled in a discovery cohort of participants prior to, and 21 days after vaccination using an Agilent microarray platform. Findings were followed up by RT-qPCR in the original discovery cohort and then in a validation cohort of participants taken from the same study.
    Results: 44 samples from 22 children were assayed in a discovery cohort. The microarray results revealed 19 microRNAs were differentially expressed after vaccination after adjustment for multiple testing. The microarray detected ubiquitous expression of several microRNAs which could not be validated by RT-qPCR, many of which have little evidence of existence in publicly available RNA sequencing data. Real time PCR (RT-qPCR) confirmed downregulation of miR-142-3p in the discovery cohort. These findings were not replicated in the subsequent validation cohort (n = 22).
    Conclusion: This study is the first study to profile microRNA expression after vaccination. An important feature of this study is many of the differentially expressed microRNAs could not be detected and validated by RT-qPCR. This study highlights the care that should be taken when interpreting omics biomarker discovery, highlighting the need for supplementary methods to validate microRNA microarray findings, and emphasises the importance of validation cohorts. Data from similar studies which do not meet these requirements should be interpreted with caution.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child, Preschool ; Circulating MicroRNA/blood ; Circulating MicroRNA/isolation & purification ; Circulating MicroRNA/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Gene Expression Regulation/immunology ; Humans ; Immunogenicity, Vaccine ; Infant ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology ; Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Influenza, Human/immunology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Influenza, Human/virology ; Male ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vaccination/methods
    Chemical Substances Circulating MicroRNA ; Influenza Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0221143
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Gene expression profiling reveals insights into infant immunological and febrile responses to group B meningococcal vaccine.

    O'Connor, Daniel / Pinto, Marta Valente / Sheerin, Dylan / Tomic, Adriana / Drury, Ruth E / Channon-Wells, Samuel / Galal, Ushma / Dold, Christina / Robinson, Hannah / Kerridge, Simon / Plested, Emma / Hughes, Harri / Stockdale, Lisa / Sadarangani, Manish / Snape, Matthew D / Rollier, Christine S / Levin, Michael / Pollard, Andrew J

    Molecular systems biology

    2020  Volume 16, Issue 11, Page(s) e9888

    Abstract: Neisseria meningitidis is a major cause of meningitis and septicaemia. A MenB vaccine (4CMenB) was licensed by the European Medicines Agency in January 2013. Here we describe the blood transcriptome and proteome following infant immunisations with or ... ...

    Abstract Neisseria meningitidis is a major cause of meningitis and septicaemia. A MenB vaccine (4CMenB) was licensed by the European Medicines Agency in January 2013. Here we describe the blood transcriptome and proteome following infant immunisations with or without concomitant 4CMenB, to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying post-vaccination reactogenicity and immunogenicity. Infants were randomised to receive control immunisations (PCV13 and DTaP-IPV-Hib) with or without 4CMenB at 2 and 4 months of age. Blood gene expression and plasma proteins were measured prior to, then 4 h, 24 h, 3 days or 7 days post-vaccination. 4CMenB vaccination was associated with increased expression of ENTPD7 and increased concentrations of 4 plasma proteins: CRP, G-CSF, IL-1RA and IL-6. Post-vaccination fever was associated with increased expression of SELL, involved in neutrophil recruitment. A murine model dissecting the vaccine components found the concomitant regimen to be associated with increased gene perturbation compared with 4CMenB vaccine alone with enhancement of pathways such as interleukin-3, -5 and GM-CSF signalling. Finally, we present transcriptomic profiles predictive of immunological and febrile responses following 4CMenB vaccine.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine/adverse effects ; Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine/immunology ; Female ; Fever/blood ; Fever/epidemiology ; Fever/etiology ; Fever/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Haemophilus Vaccines/adverse effects ; Haemophilus Vaccines/immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity/genetics ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Meningococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Meningococcal Vaccines/adverse effects ; Meningococcal Vaccines/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microarray Analysis ; Pneumococcal Vaccines/adverse effects ; Pneumococcal Vaccines/immunology ; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated/adverse effects ; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated/immunology ; Proteome/analysis ; Transcriptome ; Vaccination/adverse effects ; Vaccines, Conjugate/adverse effects ; Vaccines, Conjugate/immunology
    Chemical Substances 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine ; Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine ; Haemophilus Vaccines ; Meningococcal Vaccines ; Pneumococcal Vaccines ; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated ; Proteome ; Vaccines, Conjugate ; diphtheria-tetanus-five component acellular pertussis-inactivated poliomyelitis -Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Study
    ZDB-ID 2193510-5
    ISSN 1744-4292 ; 1744-4292
    ISSN (online) 1744-4292
    ISSN 1744-4292
    DOI 10.15252/msb.20209888
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Gene expression profiling reveals insights into infant immunological and febrile responses to group B meningococcal vaccine

    Daniel O’Connor / Marta Valente Pinto / Dylan Sheerin / Adriana Tomic / Ruth E Drury / Samuel Channon‐Wells / Ushma Galal / Christina Dold / Hannah Robinson / Simon Kerridge / Emma Plested / Harri Hughes / Lisa Stockdale / Manish Sadarangani / Matthew D Snape / Christine S Rollier / Michael Levin / Andrew J Pollard

    Molecular Systems Biology, Vol 16, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2020)

    2020  

    Abstract: Abstract Neisseria meningitidis is a major cause of meningitis and septicaemia. A MenB vaccine (4CMenB) was licensed by the European Medicines Agency in January 2013. Here we describe the blood transcriptome and proteome following infant immunisations ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Neisseria meningitidis is a major cause of meningitis and septicaemia. A MenB vaccine (4CMenB) was licensed by the European Medicines Agency in January 2013. Here we describe the blood transcriptome and proteome following infant immunisations with or without concomitant 4CMenB, to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying post‐vaccination reactogenicity and immunogenicity. Infants were randomised to receive control immunisations (PCV13 and DTaP‐IPV‐Hib) with or without 4CMenB at 2 and 4 months of age. Blood gene expression and plasma proteins were measured prior to, then 4 h, 24 h, 3 days or 7 days post‐vaccination. 4CMenB vaccination was associated with increased expression of ENTPD7 and increased concentrations of 4 plasma proteins: CRP, G‐CSF, IL‐1RA and IL‐6. Post‐vaccination fever was associated with increased expression of SELL, involved in neutrophil recruitment. A murine model dissecting the vaccine components found the concomitant regimen to be associated with increased gene perturbation compared with 4CMenB vaccine alone with enhancement of pathways such as interleukin‐3, ‐5 and GM‐CSF signalling. Finally, we present transcriptomic profiles predictive of immunological and febrile responses following 4CMenB vaccine.
    Keywords paediatrics ; proteomics ; systems biology ; transcriptomics ; vaccines ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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