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Article ; Online: Longitudinal Changes in the Body Mass Index of British Army Pilots.

Porter, William D / Wilde, Grant D / Jeffery, Nicholas P / Walters, P Lynne / Eke, Allison J / Bushby, Alaistair J R / Adams, Mark S / Gaydos, Steven J

Aerospace medicine and human performance

2024 Volume 95, Issue 2, Page(s) 118–122

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: ...

Abstract	INTRODUCTION:
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Retrospective Studies ; Aircraft ; Aviation ; Body Composition
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2809085-8
ISSN	2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
ISSN (online)	2375-6322
ISSN	2375-6314
DOI	10.3357/AMHP.6356.2024
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Article ; Online: Immature olfactory sensory neurons provide behaviourally relevant sensory input to the olfactory bulb.

Huang, Jane S / Kunkhyen, Tenzin / Rangel, Alexander N / Brechbill, Taryn R / Gregory, Jordan D / Winson-Bushby, Emily D / Liu, Beichen / Avon, Jonathan T / Muggleton, Ryan J / Cheetham, Claire E J

Nature communications

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 6194

Abstract: Postnatal neurogenesis provides an opportunity to understand how newborn neurons integrate into circuits to restore function. Newborn olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) wire into highly organized olfactory bulb (OB) circuits throughout life, enabling ... ...

Abstract	Postnatal neurogenesis provides an opportunity to understand how newborn neurons integrate into circuits to restore function. Newborn olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) wire into highly organized olfactory bulb (OB) circuits throughout life, enabling lifelong plasticity and regeneration. Immature OSNs form functional synapses capable of evoking firing in OB projection neurons but what contribution, if any, they make to odor processing is unknown. Here, we show that immature OSNs provide odor input to the mouse OB, where they form monosynaptic connections with excitatory neurons. Importantly, immature OSNs respond as selectively to odorants as mature OSNs and exhibit graded responses across a wider range of odorant concentrations than mature OSNs, suggesting that immature and mature OSNs provide distinct odor input streams. Furthermore, mice can successfully perform odor detection and discrimination tasks using sensory input from immature OSNs alone. Together, our findings suggest that immature OSNs play a previously unappreciated role in olfactory-guided behavior.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Olfactory Receptor Neurons/physiology ; Olfactory Bulb/physiology ; Odorants ; Neurogenesis/physiology ; Interneurons
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-022-33967-6
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Article: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES FOLLOWING HYPERTHERM TREATMENT.

Wallace, J / Bushby, S R

The British journal of venereal diseases

2011 Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 155–162

Language	English
Publishing date	2011-03-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80086-7
ISSN	0007-134X
ISSN	0007-134X
DOI	10.1136/sti.19.4.155
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Article ; Online: Clinical and Genetic Characteristics in Young, Glucocorticoid-Naive Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Schiava, Marianela / Amos, Rachel / VanRuiten, Henriette / McDermott, Michael P / Martens, Williams B / Gregory, Stephanie / Mayhew, Anna / McColl, Elaine / Tawil, Rabi / Willis, Tracey / Bushby, Kate / Griggs, Robert C / Guglieri, Michela

Neurology

2022 Volume 98, Issue 4, Page(s) e390–e401

Abstract: Background and objectives: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a pediatric neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Genotype-phenotype associations have been examined in glucocorticoid-treated boys, but there are few data on ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a pediatric neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Genotype-phenotype associations have been examined in glucocorticoid-treated boys, but there are few data on the young glucocorticoid-naive DMD population. A sample of young glucocorticoid-naive DMD boys is described, and genotype-phenotype associations are investigated. Methods: Screening and baseline data were collected for all the participants in the Finding the Optimum Corticosteroid Regime for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (FOR-DMD) study, an international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, clinical trial comparing 3 glucocorticoid regimens in glucocorticoid-naive, genetically confirmed boys with DMD between 4 and <8 years of age. Results: One hundred ninety-six boys were recruited. The mean ± SD age at randomization was 5.8 ± 1.0 years. The predominant mutation type was out-of-frame deletions (67.4%, 130 of 193), of which 68.5% (89 of 130) were amenable to exon skipping. The most frequent mutations were deletions amenable to exon 51 skipping (13.0%, 25 of 193). Stop codon mutations accounted for 10.4% (20 of 193). The mean age at first parental concerns was 29.8 ± 18.7 months; the mean age at genetic diagnosis was 53.9 ± 21.9 months; and the mean diagnostic delay was 25.9 ± 18.2 months. The mean diagnostic delay for boys diagnosed after an incidental finding of isolated hyperCKemia (n = 19) was 6.4 ± 7.4 months. The mean ages at independent walking and talking in sentences were 17.1 ± 4.2 and 29.0 ± 10.7 months, respectively. Median height percentiles were below the 25th percentile regardless of age group. No genotype-phenotype associations were identified expect for boys with exon 8 skippable deletions, who had better performance on time to walk/run 10 m ( Discussion: This study describes clinical and genetic characteristics of a sample of young glucocorticoid-naive boys with DMD. A low threshold for creatine kinase testing can lead to an earlier diagnosis. Motor and speech delays were common presenting symptoms. The effects of low pretreatment height on growth and adult height require further study. These findings may promote earlier recognition of DMD and inform study design for future clinical trials
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	207147-2
ISSN	1526-632X ; 0028-3878
ISSN (online)	1526-632X
ISSN	0028-3878
DOI	10.1212/WNL.0000000000013122
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Article ; Online: Australian Emergency Department health professionals' reasons to invite or not invite Family Witnessed Resuscitation: a qualitative perspective.

Chapman, Rose / Bushby, Angela / Watkins, Rochelle / Combs, Shane

International emergency nursing

2014 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–24

Abstract: Background: Debate continues regarding the effectiveness of Family Witnessed Resuscitation and little is known about the reasons why staff invite family presence.: Aim: Explore why health professionals invite or not invite Family Witnessed ... ...

Abstract	Background: Debate continues regarding the effectiveness of Family Witnessed Resuscitation and little is known about the reasons why staff invite family presence. Aim: Explore why health professionals invite or not invite Family Witnessed Resuscitation. Design: Descriptive qualitative study. Method: Three open-ended questions enabled 114 clinicians to describe why they would or would not invite family presence. Data were analysed using qualitative data analysis. Results: Four themes representing factors that influenced staff decision to invite or not invite Family Witnessed Resuscitation were identified: motivating factors, personal choice, staff judgment, and organisational factors. Motivating factors described reasons to invite family presence, and staff and organisational factors were reasons to not invite family presence. Conclusion: Family presence can be beneficial for staff and family and is likely to be motivated by family-specific factors where this choice is appropriate for all stakeholders. Participants described factors that can impact on the appropriateness of inviting family presence and these need to be considered before an invitation is extended. Relevance to practice: To support all parties throughout the process it is imperative that a skilled support person be available to the family and that written policies and guidelines be available for staff.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Australia ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Judgment ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Professional-Family Relations ; Qualitative Research ; Resuscitation ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2420750-0
ISSN	1878-013X ; 1755-599X
ISSN (online)	1878-013X
ISSN	1755-599X
DOI	10.1016/j.ienj.2013.03.008
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Article: Chemotherapy and pharmacology of aerosporin; a selective gram-negative antibiotic.

BROWNLEE, G / BUSHBY, S R M

Lancet (London, England)

2008 Volume 1, Issue 6491, Page(s) 127–132

MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antibiotics, Antitubercular ; Dermatologic Agents ; Humans ; Polymyxin B
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antibiotics, Antitubercular ; Dermatologic Agents ; Polymyxin B (J2VZ07J96K)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-09-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
DOI	10.1016/s0140-6736(48)90090-7
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Article ; Online: Factors associated with repeat diagnosis of syphilis in genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic attendees in the North East of England, 2002-2014.

Dolan, G / Chauhan, M / Foster, K / Basta, M / Bushby, S / White, C / Verlander, N Q / Gorton, R

International journal of STD & AIDS

2018 Volume 29, Issue 8, Page(s) 790–799

Abstract: This study aimed to identify factors associated with repeat syphilis infection in North East England, in order to inform local prevention and control opportunities. We undertook a case-case study comparing individuals diagnosed with single or multiple ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to identify factors associated with repeat syphilis infection in North East England, in order to inform local prevention and control opportunities. We undertook a case-case study comparing individuals diagnosed with single or multiple episodes of syphilis infection within genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics in NE England (12 clinics serving a population of 2.5 million). Study cases were verified as having had true re-infection by a GUM clinician (using serological and/or clinical parameters) and control cases (3 per case) frequency matched to cases by age and year of presentation. The odds of exposure to sexual behavioural and clinical factors were compared for cases and control cases using stepwise multivariable logistic regression. We included 66 cases and 235 control cases. The majority of cases (62/66) and control cases (165/235) were men who had sex with men (MSM). Data were missing for 0-64% of cases across different variables. Following multivariable analysis HIV seropositivity (OR 23.3, 95% CI 4.32-125.9), failure to attend follow-up (OR 4.63, 95% CI 1.11-19.31), stage of infection and deprivation were associated with re-infection ( p < 0.001). In this study, HIV seropositivity and failure to attend follow-up were associated with re-infection with syphilis. Actions targeted at these groups may help to reduce ongoing transmission.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Case-Control Studies ; Coinfection/epidemiology ; England/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Seropositivity/complications ; HIV Seropositivity/epidemiology ; Humans ; Lost to Follow-Up ; Middle Aged ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Secondary Prevention ; Syphilis/epidemiology ; Syphilis/prevention & control ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1018089-8
ISSN	1758-1052 ; 0956-4624
ISSN (online)	1758-1052
ISSN	0956-4624
DOI	10.1177/0956462418757554
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Article ; Online: Molecular Effects of Glycerol on Lipid Monolayers at the Gas-Liquid Interface: Impact on Microbubble Physical and Mechanical Properties.

Abou-Saleh, Radwa H / McLaughlan, James R / Bushby, Richard J / Johnson, Benjamin R / Freear, Steven / Evans, Stephen D / Thomson, Neil H

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

2019 Volume 35, Issue 31, Page(s) 10097–10105

Abstract: The production and stability of microbubbles (MBs) is enhanced by increasing the viscosity of both the formation and storage solution, respectively. Glycerol is a good candidate for biomedical applications of MBs, since it is biocompatible, although the ... ...

Abstract	The production and stability of microbubbles (MBs) is enhanced by increasing the viscosity of both the formation and storage solution, respectively. Glycerol is a good candidate for biomedical applications of MBs, since it is biocompatible, although the exact molecular mechanisms of its action is not fully understood. Here, we investigate the influence glycerol has on lipid-shelled MB properties, using a range of techniques. Population lifetime and single bubble stability were studied using optical microscopy. Bubble stiffness measured by AFM compression is compared with lipid monolayer behavior in a Langmuir-Blodgett trough. We deduce that increasing glycerol concentrations enhances stability of MB populations through a 3-fold mechanism. First, binding of glycerol to lipid headgroups in the interfacial monolayer up to 10% glycerol increases MB stiffness but has limited impact on shell resistance to gas permeation and corresponding MB lifetime. Second, increased solution viscosity above 10% glycerol slows down the kinetics of gas transfer, markedly increasing MB stability. Third, above 10%, glycerol induces water structuring around the lipid monolayer, forming a glassy layer which also increases MB stiffness and resistance to gas loss. At 30% glycerol, the glassy layer is ablated, lowering the MB stiffness, but MB stability is further augmented. Although the molecular interactions of glycerol with the lipid monolayer modulate the MB lipid shell properties, MB lifetime continually increases from 0 to 30% glycerol, indicating that its viscosity is the dominant effect on MB solution stability. This three-fold action and biocompatibility makes glycerol ideal for therapeutic MB formation and storage and gives new insight into the action of glycerol on lipid monolayers at the gas-liquid interface.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2005937-1
ISSN	1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
ISSN (online)	1520-5827
ISSN	0743-7463
DOI	10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04130
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Article ; Online: Assessing health professionals' perceptions of family presence during resuscitation: a replication study.

Chapman, Rose / Watkins, Rochelle / Bushby, Angela / Combs, Shane

International emergency nursing

2013 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 17–25

Abstract: Background: Family witnessed resuscitation is the practice of enabling patients' family members to be present during resuscitation. Research is inconsistent as to the effectiveness or usefulness of this initiative.: Aim: To evaluate the performance ... ...

Abstract	Background: Family witnessed resuscitation is the practice of enabling patients' family members to be present during resuscitation. Research is inconsistent as to the effectiveness or usefulness of this initiative. Aim: To evaluate the performance of two scales that assess perceptions of family witnessed resuscitation among a sample of health professionals, in an Australian non-teaching hospital, and explore differences in perceptions according to sociodemographic characteristics and previous experience. Design: Descriptive, replication study, using a cross-sectional survey. Method: An anonymous survey was distributed to 221 emergency department clinicians. Sociodemographic characteristics and perceptions of family witnessed resuscitation using the Family Presence Risk-Benefit and Family Presence Self-confidence Scales were assessed. Exploratory factor analysis was used to evaluate the performance of the scales. Results: One hundred and fourteen doctors and nurses returned the survey (response rate of 51.6%). Both Scales were found to have a single factor structure and a high level of internal consistency. Approximately two-thirds of participants considered that family presence was a right of patients and families, and almost a quarter of respondents had invited family presence during resuscitation on more than five occasions. We found no significant differences in scale scores between doctors and nurses. Conclusion: Our findings confirm the validity of the Family Presence Risk-Benefit and Family Presence Self-Confidence Scales in the Australian context, and highlight the need to support clinicians in the provision of family witnessed resuscitation to all families.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nurses/psychology ; Physicians/psychology ; Professional-Family Relations ; Reproducibility of Results ; Resuscitation ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2420750-0
ISSN	1878-013X ; 1755-599X
ISSN (online)	1878-013X
ISSN	1755-599X
DOI	10.1016/j.ienj.2011.10.003
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Article: Preventing Cardiomyopathy in DMD: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Drug Trial.

Bourke, John P / Watson, Gillian / Spinty, Stefan / Bryant, Andrew / Roper, Helen / Chadwick, Thomas / Wood, Ruth / McColl, Elaine / Bushby, Kate / Muntoni, Francesco / Guglieri, Michela

Neurology. Clinical practice

2021 Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) e661–e668

Abstract: Objective: To determine whether a combination of 2 heart medications would be tolerated and could prevent/delay the onset of cardiomyopathy in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) compared with placebo.: Methods: This multicenter, parallel ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To determine whether a combination of 2 heart medications would be tolerated and could prevent/delay the onset of cardiomyopathy in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) compared with placebo. Methods: This multicenter, parallel group, 1:1 patient randomized, placebo-controlled study of prophylactic perindopril and bisoprolol recruited boys with DMD aged 5-13 years, with normal ventricular function. Repeat assessments of left ventricular (LV) function, electrocardiogram, and adverse event reporting were performed 6 monthly. The primary outcome was change in ejection fraction between arms after 36 months. The study was approved by the National Research Ethics Service Committee East Midlands-Derby. Results: Eighty-five boys were recruited (76% on steroid therapy) and randomized to combination heart drugs or matched placebo. Group change in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF%) at 36 months from baseline was -2.2% ± 6.0% and -2.9% ± 6.1% in active and placebo arms (adjusted mean difference: -2.1, 95% CI -5.2 to 1.1). There was no difference between treatment arms over repeated assessments (analysis of variance) up to 36 months (trial arms Conclusions: Combination therapy was well tolerated. Consistent with the previous prophylactic perindopril heart study, there was no evidence of group benefit after 36-month treatment. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class I evidence that combination perindopril-bisoprolol therapy was well tolerated but did not change decline in LVEF significantly in boys with DMD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2645818-4
ISSN	2163-0933 ; 2163-0402
ISSN (online)	2163-0933
ISSN	2163-0402
DOI	10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001023
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