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  1. Book: Relaxin and related peptides

    Agoulnik, Alexander I.

    (Advances in experimental medicine and biology ; 612)

    2007  

    Author's details ed. by Alexander I. Agoulnik
    Series title Advances in experimental medicine and biology ; 612
    Collection
    Keywords Relaxin / physiology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / physiology ; Receptors, Peptide / physiology
    Language English
    Size XXII, 142 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher Springer u.a.
    Publishing place New York, NY
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT015450611
    ISBN 978-0-387-74670-8 ; 0-387-74670-6
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  2. Article ; Online: Expression patterns and the roles of phosphatidylinositol phosphatases in testis†.

    Ceyhan, Yasemin / Zhang, Manqi / Sandoval, Carlos G / Agoulnik, Alexander I / Agoulnik, Irina U

    Biology of reproduction

    2022  Volume 107, Issue 4, Page(s) 902–915

    Abstract: Phosphoinositides (PIs) are relatively rare lipid components of the cellular membranes. Their homeostasis is tightly controlled by specific PI kinases and PI phosphatases. PIs play essential roles in cellular signaling, cytoskeletal organization, and ... ...

    Abstract Phosphoinositides (PIs) are relatively rare lipid components of the cellular membranes. Their homeostasis is tightly controlled by specific PI kinases and PI phosphatases. PIs play essential roles in cellular signaling, cytoskeletal organization, and secretory processes in various diseases and normal physiology. Gene targeting experiments strongly suggest that in mice with deficiency of several PI phosphatases, such as Pten, Mtmrs, Inpp4b, and Inpp5b, spermatogenesis is affected, resulting in partial or complete infertility. Similarly, in men, loss of several of the PI phosphatases is observed in infertility characterized by the lack of mature sperm. Using available gene expression databases, we compare the expression of known PI phosphatases in various testicular cell types, infertility patients, and mouse age-dependent testicular gene expression, and discuss their potential roles in testis physiology and spermatogenesis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Infertility/metabolism ; Inositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Phosphatidylinositols/metabolism ; Semen/metabolism ; Spermatogenesis/genetics ; Testis/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Inositol Phosphates ; Phosphatidylinositols
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1118-6
    ISSN 1529-7268 ; 0006-3363
    ISSN (online) 1529-7268
    ISSN 0006-3363
    DOI 10.1093/biolre/ioac132
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Long-Lasting Consequences of Testosterone Exposure.

    Agoulnik, Irina U / Agoulnik, Alexander I

    Endocrinology

    2015  Volume 156, Issue 10, Page(s) 3488–3489

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Male ; Metabolism/drug effects ; Reproduction/drug effects ; Testosterone/analogs & derivatives
    Chemical Substances Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 427856-2
    ISSN 1945-7170 ; 0013-7227
    ISSN (online) 1945-7170
    ISSN 0013-7227
    DOI 10.1210/en.2015-1719
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Diverse functions of insulin-like 3 peptide.

    Esteban-Lopez, Maria / Agoulnik, Alexander I

    The Journal of endocrinology

    2020  Volume 247, Issue 1, Page(s) R1–R12

    Abstract: Insulin-like 3 peptide (INSL3) is a member of the insulin-like peptide superfamily and is the only known physiological ligand of relaxin family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). In mammals, INSL3 is primarily produced both ... ...

    Abstract Insulin-like 3 peptide (INSL3) is a member of the insulin-like peptide superfamily and is the only known physiological ligand of relaxin family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). In mammals, INSL3 is primarily produced both in testicular Leydig cells and in ovarian theca cells, but circulating levels of the hormone are much higher in males than in females. The INSL3/RXFP2 system has an essential role in the development of the gubernaculum for the initial transabdominal descent of the testis and in maintaining proper reproductive health in men. Although its function in female physiology has been less well-characterized, it was reported that INSL3 deletion affects antral follicle development during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and uterus function. Since the discovery of its role in the reproductive system, the study of INSL3/RXFP2 has expanded to others organs, such as skeletal muscle, bone, kidney, thyroid, brain, and eye. This review aims to summarize the various advances in understanding the physiological function of this ligand-receptor pair since its first discovery and elucidate its future therapeutic potential in the management of various diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bone and Bones/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/physiology ; Leydig Cells ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Ovary/physiology ; Proteins/physiology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology ; Reproduction/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Testis/physiology
    Chemical Substances Insulin ; Leydig insulin-like protein ; Proteins ; RXFP2 protein, human ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 3028-4
    ISSN 1479-6805 ; 0022-0795
    ISSN (online) 1479-6805
    ISSN 0022-0795
    DOI 10.1530/JOE-20-0168
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Anti-apoptotic and Matrix Remodeling Actions of a Small Molecule Agonist of the Human Relaxin Receptor, ML290 in Mice With Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction.

    Ng, Hooi Hooi / Soula, Mariluz / Rivas, Bryan / Wilson, Kenneth J / Marugan, Juan J / Agoulnik, Alexander I

    Frontiers in physiology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 650769

    Abstract: Diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, often lead to chronic kidney failure. The peptide hormone relaxin has been shown to have therapeutic effects in various organs. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that ML290, a small molecule ... ...

    Abstract Diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, often lead to chronic kidney failure. The peptide hormone relaxin has been shown to have therapeutic effects in various organs. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that ML290, a small molecule agonist of the human relaxin receptor (RXFP1), is able to target the kidney to remodel the extracellular matrix and reduce apoptosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). UUO was performed on the left kidney of humanized RXFP1 mice, where the right kidneys served as contralateral controls. Mice were randomly allocated to receive either vehicle or ML290 (30 mg/kg)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564217-0
    ISSN 1664-042X
    ISSN 1664-042X
    DOI 10.3389/fphys.2021.650769
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Targeting the relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 1 and 2 with small molecule compounds.

    Ng, Hooi Hooi / Esteban-Lopez, Maria / Agoulnik, Alexander I

    Molecular and cellular endocrinology

    2018  Volume 487, Page(s) 40–44

    Abstract: The peptide hormone relaxin has beneficial roles in several organs through its action on its cognate G protein-coupled receptor, RXFP1. Relaxin administration is limited to intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or spinal injection. Another drawback ... ...

    Abstract The peptide hormone relaxin has beneficial roles in several organs through its action on its cognate G protein-coupled receptor, RXFP1. Relaxin administration is limited to intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or spinal injection. Another drawback of peptide-based therapy is the short half-life, which requires continuous delivery of the drug to achieve efficient concentration in target organs. The discovery of a non-peptide small molecule agonist of RXFP1, ML290, provides an alternative to the natural ligand. This review summarizes the development of ML290 and its potential future therapeutic applications in various diseases, including liver fibrosis and cardiovascular diseases. We also discuss the development of small molecule agonists targeting the insulin-like 3 receptor, RXFP2, and propose the potential use of these small molecules in the context of bone and muscle remodeling.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Insulins/metabolism ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Receptors, Peptide/metabolism ; Relaxin/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Insulins ; Receptors, Peptide ; Small Molecule Libraries ; Relaxin (9002-69-1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-24
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 187438-x
    ISSN 1872-8057 ; 0303-7207
    ISSN (online) 1872-8057
    ISSN 0303-7207
    DOI 10.1016/j.mce.2018.12.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Deletion of inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type-II B affects spermatogenesis in mice.

    Ceyhan, Yasemin / Zhang, Manqi / Guo, Jingtao / Sandoval, Carlos G / Vacher, Jean / Kaftanovskaya, Elena M / Agoulnik, Alexander I / Agoulnik, Irina U

    PloS one

    2020  Volume 15, Issue 5, Page(s) e0233163

    Abstract: Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) is a dual-specificity phosphatase that acts as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers. INPP4B dephosphorylates phospholipids at the 4th position of the inositol ring and inhibits AKT and PKC signaling ...

    Abstract Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) is a dual-specificity phosphatase that acts as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers. INPP4B dephosphorylates phospholipids at the 4th position of the inositol ring and inhibits AKT and PKC signaling by hydrolyzing of PI(3,4)P2 and PI(4,5)P2, respectively. INPP4B protein phosphatase targets include phospho-tyrosines on Akt and phospho-serine and phospho-threonine on PTEN. INPP4B is highly expressed in testes, suggesting its role in testes development and physiology. The objective of this study was to determine whether Inpp4b deletion impacts testicular function in mice. In testis, Inpp4b expression was the highest in postmeiotic germ cells in both mice and men. The testes of Inpp4b knockout male mice were significantly smaller compared to the testes of wild-type (WT) males. Inpp4b-/- males produced fewer mature sperm cells compared to WT, and this difference increased with age and high fat diet (HFD). Reduction in early steroidogenic enzymes and luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor gene expression was detected, although androgen receptor (AR) protein level was similar in WT and Inpp4b-/- testes. Germ cell apoptosis was significantly increased in the knockout mice, while expression of meiotic marker γH2A.X was decreased. Our data demonstrate that INPP4B plays a role in maintenance of male germ cell differentiation and protects testis functions against deleterious effects of aging and high fat diet.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis/genetics ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Meiosis/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/genetics ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; RNA-Seq ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; Receptors, LH/genetics ; Receptors, LH/metabolism ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Sperm Count ; Spermatogenesis/genetics ; Spermatozoa/metabolism ; Testis/growth & development ; Testis/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; Histones ; Receptors, Androgen ; Receptors, LH ; gamma-H2AX protein, mouse ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases (EC 3.1.3.2) ; phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.66) ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.3.67)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0233163
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Synthetic non-peptide low molecular weight agonists of the relaxin receptor 1.

    Agoulnik, Alexander I / Agoulnik, Irina U / Hu, Xin / Marugan, Juan

    British journal of pharmacology

    2016  Volume 174, Issue 10, Page(s) 977–989

    Abstract: Relaxin is a small heterodimeric peptide hormone of the insulin/relaxin superfamily produced mainly in female and male reproductive organs. It has potent antifibrotic, vasodilatory and angiogenic effects and regulates the normal function of various ... ...

    Abstract Relaxin is a small heterodimeric peptide hormone of the insulin/relaxin superfamily produced mainly in female and male reproductive organs. It has potent antifibrotic, vasodilatory and angiogenic effects and regulates the normal function of various physiological systems. Preclinical studies and recent clinical trials have shown the promise of recombinant relaxin as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of cardiovascular and fibrotic diseases. However, there are the universal drawbacks of peptide-based pharmacology that apply to relaxin: a short half-life in vivo requires its continuous delivery, and there are high costs of production, storage and treatment, as well as the possibility of immune responses. All these issues can be resolved by the development of low non-peptide MW agonists of the relaxin receptors which are stable, bioavailable, easily synthesized and specific. In this review, we describe the discovery and characterization of the first series of such compounds. The lead compound, ML290, binds to an allosteric site of the relaxin GPCR, RXFP1. ML290 shows high activity and efficacy, measured by cAMP response, in cells expressing endogenous or transfected RXFP1. Relaxin-like effects of ML290 were shown in various functional cellular assays in vitro. ML290 has excellent absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion properties and in vivo stability. The identified series of low MW agonists does not activate rodent RXFP1 receptors and thus, the production of a RXFP1 humanized mouse model is needed for preclinical studies. The future analysis and clinical perspectives of relaxin receptor agonists are discussed.
    Linked articles: This article is part of a themed section on Recent Progress in the Understanding of Relaxin Family Peptides and their Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.10/issuetoc.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; Receptors, Peptide/agonists ; Receptors, Peptide/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Receptors, Peptide ; relaxin receptors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80081-8
    ISSN 1476-5381 ; 0007-1188
    ISSN (online) 1476-5381
    ISSN 0007-1188
    DOI 10.1111/bph.13656
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  9. Book ; Online: Relaxin and Related Peptides

    Back, Nathan / Agoulnik, Alexander I. / Cohen, Irun R. / Lajtha, Abel / Lambris, John D. / Paoletti, Rodolfo

    2007  

    Author's details edited by Nathan Back, Irun R. Cohen, Abel Lajtha, John D. Lambris, Rodolfo Paoletti, Alexander I. Agoulnik
    Keywords Cytology ; Endocrinology ; Oncology
    Language English
    Publisher Springer New York
    Publishing place New York, NY
    Document type Book ; Online
    HBZ-ID TT050386971
    ISBN 978-0-387-74670-8 ; 978-0-387-74672-2 ; 0-387-74670-6 ; 0-387-74672-2
    DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-74672-2
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  10. Article ; Online: Discovery of small molecule agonists of the Relaxin Family Peptide Receptor 2.

    Esteban-Lopez, Maria / Wilson, Kenneth J / Myhr, Courtney / Kaftanovskaya, Elena M / Henderson, Mark J / Southall, Noel T / Xu, Xin / Wang, Amy / Hu, Xin / Barnaeva, Elena / Ye, Wenjuan / George, Emmett R / Sherrill, John T / Ferrer, Marc / Morello, Roy / Agoulnik, Irina U / Marugan, Juan J / Agoulnik, Alexander I

    Communications biology

    2022  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 1183

    Abstract: The relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2) belongs to the family of class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and it is the only known target for the insulin-like factor 3 peptide (INSL3). The importance of this ligand-receptor pair in ... ...

    Abstract The relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2) belongs to the family of class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and it is the only known target for the insulin-like factor 3 peptide (INSL3). The importance of this ligand-receptor pair in the development of the gubernacular ligament during the transabdominal phase of testicular descent is well established. More recently, RXFP2 has been implicated in maintaining healthy bone formation. In this report, we describe the discovery of a small molecule series of RXFP2 agonists. These compounds are highly potent, efficacious, and selective RXFP2 allosteric agonists that induce gubernacular invagination in mouse embryos, increase mineralization activity in human osteoblasts in vitro, and improve bone trabecular parameters in adult mice. The described RXFP2 agonists are orally bioavailable and display favorable pharmacokinetic properties, which allow for future evaluation of the therapeutic benefits of modulating RXFP2 activation in disease models.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Adult ; Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Relaxin/pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology ; Testis ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Receptors, Peptide
    Chemical Substances Relaxin (9002-69-1) ; Insulin ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Receptors, Peptide
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2399-3642
    ISSN (online) 2399-3642
    DOI 10.1038/s42003-022-04143-9
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