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  1. Article ; Online: Correction to "Sunlight Photolysis of Extracellular and Intracellular Antibiotic Resistance Genes

    Dunn, Fiona B / Silverman, Andrea I

    Environmental science & technology

    2023  Volume 57, Issue 24, Page(s) 9118

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.3c03877
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Sunlight photolysis of SARS-CoV-2 N1 gene target in the water environment: considerations for the environmental surveillance of wastewater-impacted surface waters.

    Dunn, Fiona B / Silverman, Andrea I

    Journal of water and health

    2023  Volume 21, Issue 9, Page(s) 1228–1241

    Abstract: Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 has been used around the world to supplement clinical testing data for situational awareness of COVID-19 disease trends. Many regions of the world lack centralized wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure, ... ...

    Abstract Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 has been used around the world to supplement clinical testing data for situational awareness of COVID-19 disease trends. Many regions of the world lack centralized wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure, which presents additional considerations for wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, including environmental decay of the RT-qPCR gene targets used for quantification of SARS-CoV-2 virions. Given the role of sunlight in the environmental decay of RNA, we evaluated sunlight photolysis kinetics of the N1 gene target in heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 with a solar simulator under laboratory conditions. Insignificant photolysis of the N1 target was observed in a photosensitizer-free matrix. Conversely, significant decay of the N1 target was observed in wastewater at a shallow depth (<1 cm). Given that sunlight irradiance is affected by several environmental factors, first-order decay rate models were used to evaluate the effect of water column depth, time of the year, and latitude on decay kinetics. Decay rate constants were found to decrease significantly with greater depth of the well-mixed water column, at high latitudes, and in the winter. Therefore, sunlight-mediated decay of the N1 gene target is likely to be minimal, and is unlikely to confound results from wastewater-based epidemiology programs utilizing wastewater-impacted surface waters.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring ; Wastewater ; COVID-19 ; Photolysis ; Sunlight ; Environmental Monitoring ; Water
    Chemical Substances Wastewater ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2123845-5
    ISSN 1996-7829 ; 1477-8920
    ISSN (online) 1996-7829
    ISSN 1477-8920
    DOI 10.2166/wh.2023.091
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Effect of pH on endogenous sunlight inactivation rates of laboratory strain and wastewater sourced

    Chiyenge, Mwale / Silverman, Andrea I

    Environmental science. Processes & impacts

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 11, Page(s) 2167–2177

    Abstract: Understanding the influence of environmental factors like pH on solar disinfection in sunlight-dependent wastewater treatment systems can aid in improving their design. Previous research found pH to influence the solar disinfection rates of bacteria in ... ...

    Abstract Understanding the influence of environmental factors like pH on solar disinfection in sunlight-dependent wastewater treatment systems can aid in improving their design. Previous research found pH to influence the solar disinfection rates of bacteria in water containing exogenous photosensitizers that facilitate photo-oxidative inactivation. However, limited research has been conducted on the role of external pH on endogenous solar inactivation processes that occur independent of exogenous photosensitizers. As such, we studied the inactivation rates of laboratory-cultured and wastewater-sourced
    MeSH term(s) Waste Water/microbiology ; Sunlight ; Enterococcus ; Escherichia coli ; Water Microbiology ; Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology ; Disinfection/methods ; Bacteria ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
    Chemical Substances Waste Water ; Photosensitizing Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703814-2
    ISSN 2050-7895 ; 2050-7887
    ISSN (online) 2050-7895
    ISSN 2050-7887
    DOI 10.1039/d2em00227b
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Determining wavelength-dependent quantum yields of photodegradation: importance of experimental setup and reference values for actinometers.

    de Brito Anton, Luana / Silverman, Andrea I / Apell, Jennifer N

    Environmental science. Processes & impacts

    2024  

    Abstract: Accurate quantum yields are crucial for modeling photochemical reactions in natural and engineered treatment systems. Quantum yields are usually determined using a single representative light source such as xenon lamps to mimic sunlight or UVC light for ... ...

    Abstract Accurate quantum yields are crucial for modeling photochemical reactions in natural and engineered treatment systems. Quantum yields are usually determined using a single representative light source such as xenon lamps to mimic sunlight or UVC light for water treatment. However, photodegradation modeling can be improved by understanding the wavelength dependence of quantum yields and the potential errors introduced by the experimental setup. In this study, we investigated the effects of experimental setup on measured quantum yields using four photoreactor systems and up to 11 different light sources. When using a calibrated spectroradiometer to measure incident irradiance on an open solution surface, apparent quantum yields were up to two times higher if light reflection and light screening were not accounted for in the experimental setup. When the experimental setup was optimized to allow for accurate irradiance measurements, quantum yields were reproducible across photoreactors. The optimized experimental setup was then used to determine quantum yields of uridine, atrazine,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703814-2
    ISSN 2050-7895 ; 2050-7887
    ISSN (online) 2050-7895
    ISSN 2050-7887
    DOI 10.1039/d4em00084f
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Radiation-induced multi-organ injury.

    Molinar-Inglis, Olivia / DiCarlo, Andrea L / Lapinskas, Paula J / Rios, Carmen I / Satyamitra, Merriline M / Silverman, Toby A / Winters, Thomas A / Cassatt, David R

    International journal of radiation biology

    2024  Volume 100, Issue 3, Page(s) 486–504

    Abstract: Purpose: Natural history studies have been informative in dissecting radiation injury, isolating its effects, and compartmentalizing injury based on the extent of exposure and the elapsed time post-irradiation. Although radiation injury models are ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Natural history studies have been informative in dissecting radiation injury, isolating its effects, and compartmentalizing injury based on the extent of exposure and the elapsed time post-irradiation. Although radiation injury models are useful for investigating the mechanism of action in isolated subsyndromes and development of medical countermeasures (MCMs), it is clear that ionizing radiation exposure leads to multi-organ injury (MOI).
    Methods: The Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program within the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases partnered with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority to convene a virtual two-day meeting titled 'Radiation-Induced Multi-Organ Injury' on June 7-8, 2022. Invited subject matter experts presented their research findings in MOI, including study of mechanisms and possible MCMs to address complex radiation-induced injuries.
    Results: This workshop report summarizes key information from each presentation and discussion by the speakers and audience participants.
    Conclusions: Understanding the mechanisms that lead to radiation-induced MOI is critical to advancing candidate MCMs that could mitigate the injury and reduce associated morbidity and mortality. The observation that some of these mechanisms associated with MOI include systemic injuries, such as inflammation and vascular damage, suggests that MCMs that address systemic pathways could be effective against multiple organ systems.
    MeSH term(s) United States ; Humans ; Radiation Injuries/etiology ; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3065-x
    ISSN 1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    ISSN (online) 1362-3095
    ISSN 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    DOI 10.1080/09553002.2023.2295298
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  6. Article ; Online: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Persistence of Enveloped Viruses in Environmental Waters and Wastewater in the Absence of Disinfectants.

    Silverman, Andrea I / Boehm, Alexandria B

    Environmental science & technology

    2021  Volume 55, Issue 21, Page(s) 14480–14493

    Abstract: Enveloped viruses are characterized by a lipid-containing envelope that encapsulates the virion, and they have been the cause of major outbreaks and pandemics. Some enveloped viruses are excreted in feces and other bodily fluids of infected people and ... ...

    Abstract Enveloped viruses are characterized by a lipid-containing envelope that encapsulates the virion, and they have been the cause of major outbreaks and pandemics. Some enveloped viruses are excreted in feces and other bodily fluids of infected people and animals, raising the question of their fate in the aquatic environment. Consequently, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the decay rate constants (
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Disease Outbreaks ; Disinfectants ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Viruses ; Waste Water
    Chemical Substances Disinfectants ; Waste Water
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Systematic Review
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.1c03977
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Sunlight Photolysis of Extracellular and Intracellular Antibiotic Resistance Genes

    Dunn, Fiona B / Silverman, Andrea I

    Environmental science & technology

    2021  

    Abstract: Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs; the genetic material in bacteria that encode for resistance to antibiotics) have been found in the aquatic environment, raising concerns of an environmental transmission route. In an effort to contribute to models ... ...

    Abstract Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs; the genetic material in bacteria that encode for resistance to antibiotics) have been found in the aquatic environment, raising concerns of an environmental transmission route. In an effort to contribute to models predicting the fate of ARGs in the environment-to design control measures, predict health risks, inform ARG surveillance activities, and prioritize policy interventions-and given the importance of sunlight in damaging DNA, we evaluated the sunlight photolysis kinetics of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and ARGs under laboratory conditions, focusing on
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.1c00732
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Assessment of Commonly Measured Wastewater Parameters to Estimate Sewershed Populations for Use in Wastewater-Based Epidemiology: Insights into Population Dynamics in New York City during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

    Hoar, Catherine / Li, Yitao / Silverman, Andrea I

    ACS ES&T water

    2022  Volume 2, Issue 11, Page(s) 2014–2024

    Abstract: Understanding per capita rates of disease incidence or prevalence from wastewater surveillance data requires an estimate of the population contributing to wastewater samples, given that populations in large urban areas are dynamic, especially if major ... ...

    Abstract Understanding per capita rates of disease incidence or prevalence from wastewater surveillance data requires an estimate of the population contributing to wastewater samples, given that populations in large urban areas are dynamic, especially if major events, such as the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, cause large population shifts. To assess whether commonly measured wastewater parameters can be used to estimate sewershed populations, we used wastewater data collected from New York City's (NYC) 14 wastewater treatment facilities to evaluate the relationship between influent loads of four wastewater parameters-ammonia, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total suspended solids, and five-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand-and census-based population estimates of the corresponding sewersheds during 2019, when populations were assumed to be relatively stable. Ammonia mass load had the most consistent relationship with sewershed population, regardless of wet weather contributions to NYC's predominantly combined sewer system. Changes in ammonia loads due to COVID-19 restrictions enacted in March 2020 generally reflected population shifts in sewersheds serving areas of Manhattan and Brooklyn, for which previous studies report decreased commuter mobility and residential populations. Our findings highlight the utility of ammonia mass load in influent wastewater as a population indicator to normalize wastewater-based epidemiology data and track sewershed population dynamics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2690-0637
    ISSN (online) 2690-0637
    DOI 10.1021/acsestwater.2c00052
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Persistence and Disinfection of Human Coronaviruses and Their Viral Surrogates in Water and Wastewater.

    Silverman, Andrea I / Boehm, Alexandria B

    Environmental science & technology letters

    2020  Volume 7, Issue 8, Page(s) 544–553

    Abstract: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to identify decay rate constants ( ...

    Abstract A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to identify decay rate constants (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2328-8930
    ISSN 2328-8930
    DOI 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00313
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Systematic review of the relative concentrations of noroviruses and fecal indicator bacteria in wastewater: considerations for use in quantitative microbial risk assessment.

    Hamadieh, Zelfa / Hamilton, Kerry A / Silverman, Andrea I

    Journal of water and health

    2021  Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) 918–932

    Abstract: Human noroviruses are a leading cause of food- and water-borne disease, which has led to an interest in quantifying norovirus health risks using quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). Given the limited availability of quantitative norovirus data ... ...

    Abstract Human noroviruses are a leading cause of food- and water-borne disease, which has led to an interest in quantifying norovirus health risks using quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). Given the limited availability of quantitative norovirus data to input to QMRA models, some studies have applied a conversion factor to estimate norovirus exposure based on measured fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations. We conducted a review of peer-reviewed publications to identify the concentrations of noroviruses and FIB in raw, secondary-treated, and disinfected wastewater. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the ratios of norovirus-FIB pairs in each wastewater matrix and the variables that significantly impact these ratios. Norovirus-to-FIB ratios were found to be significantly impacted by the norovirus genotype, month of sample collection, geographic location, and the extent of wastewater treatment. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of using a FIB-to-virus conversion factor in QMRA and found that the choice of conversion ratio has a great impact on estimated health risks. For example, the use of a conversion ratio previously used in the World Health Organization Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater predicted health risks that were significantly lower than those estimated with measured norovirus concentrations used as inputs. This work emphasizes the gold standard of using measured pathogen concentrations directly as inputs to exposure assessment in QMRA. While not encouraged, if one must use a FIB-to-virus conversion ratio to estimate norovirus dose, the ratio should be chosen carefully based on the target microorganisms (i.e., strain, genotype, or class), prevalence of disease, and extent of wastewater treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Bacteria ; Feces ; Humans ; Norovirus ; Risk Assessment ; Wastewater ; Water Microbiology
    Chemical Substances Waste Water
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2123845-5
    ISSN 1996-7829 ; 1477-8920
    ISSN (online) 1996-7829
    ISSN 1477-8920
    DOI 10.2166/wh.2021.068
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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