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Article: Health Disparities in Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Role of Social Strain, Depression, and C-Reactive Protein.

Malatyali, Ayse / Sagna De Main, Atami / Cidav, Tom / Komalasari, Renata / Xie, Rui / Thiamwong, Ladda

2023 Volume 9, Page(s) 23337214231215274

Abstract: ... inflammation (C-Reactive Protein [CRP]) with cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND) and dementia among 9 ...

Abstract	We investigated the association of social strain from friends, depression, and systemic inflammation (C-Reactive Protein [CRP]) with cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND) and dementia among 9,262 participants (age ≥ 65). We analyzed data from the Health Retirement Study (HRS), performing Chi-squared and logistic regression analyses. Measures included the 27-point HRS cognition scale, social strain scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, and dried-blood CRP levels. Black and Hispanic participants had a significantly increased dementia risk (OR = 2.69 and OR = 2.54). Black participants also had a high risk of CIND (OR = 2.80), but no association of Hispanic participants with CIND. Increased social strain from friends and depression were significantly associated with CIND (OR = 1.50 and OR = 1.44) and dementia (OR = 1.57 and OR = 1.78). Elevated CRP levels were only linked to CIND risk (OR = 1.03), not dementia. Early detection and interventions targeting social strain, depression, and CRP levels may help promote cognitive functioning in older adults.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2844974-5
ISSN	2333-7214 ; 2333-7214
ISSN (online)	2333-7214
ISSN	2333-7214
DOI	10.1177/23337214231215274
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Article ; Online: Post-translational regulation of cardiac myosin binding protein-C: A graphical review.

Main, Alice / Fuller, William / Baillie, George S

Cellular signalling

2020 Volume 76, Page(s) 109788

Abstract: Cardiac myosin binding protein-C (cMyBP-C) is a fundamental component of the cardiac sarcomere ... to preserve cardiac function. Importantly, as a non-enzymatic protein, cMyBP-C relies solely ... these modifications may represent novel therapeutic routes to modulate cMyBP-C function in the treatment ...

Abstract	Cardiac myosin binding protein-C (cMyBP-C) is a fundamental component of the cardiac sarcomere involved in regulating systolic and diastolic activity, processes which must be tightly maintained to preserve cardiac function. Importantly, as a non-enzymatic protein, cMyBP-C relies solely on post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions in order to modulate its function, and does so through phosphorylation, glutathionylation and acetylation amongst others. Although some are better understood than others, these modifications may represent novel therapeutic routes to modulate cMyBP-C function in the treatment of cardiac disease.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carrier Proteins/physiology ; Heart Failure/metabolism ; Humans ; Myocardium/cytology ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Myocardium/pathology ; Protein Binding ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Sarcomeres/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Carrier Proteins ; myosin-binding protein C
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1002702-6
ISSN	1873-3913 ; 0898-6568
ISSN (online)	1873-3913
ISSN	0898-6568
DOI	10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109788
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Article ; Online: Hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and mortality among HIV-positive individuals.

Thornton, Alicia C / Jose, Sophie / Bhagani, Sanjay / Chadwick, David / Dunn, David / Gilson, Richard / Main, Janice / Nelson, Mark / Rodger, Alison / Taylor, Chris / Youssef, Elaney / Leen, Clifford / Gompels, Mark / Kegg, Stephen / Schwenk, Achim / Sabin, Caroline

AIDS (London, England)

2017 Volume 31, Issue 18, Page(s) 2525–2532

Abstract: ... among individuals who are HIV-monoinfected with those coinfected with HIV and hepatitis B (HBV) and/or hepatitis C ...

Abstract	Objectives: To compare rates of all-cause, liver-related, and AIDS-related mortality among individuals who are HIV-monoinfected with those coinfected with HIV and hepatitis B (HBV) and/or hepatitis C (HCV) viruses. Design: An ongoing observational cohort study collating routinely collected clinical data on HIV-positive individuals attending for care at HIV treatment centres throughout the United Kingdom. Methods: Individuals were included if they had been seen for care from 2004 onwards and had tested for HBV and HCV. Crude mortality rates (all cause, liver related, and AIDS related) were calculated among HIV-monoinfected individuals and those coinfected with HIV, HBV, and/or HCV. Poisson regression was used to adjust for confounding factors, identify independent predictors of mortality, and estimate the impact of hepatitis coinfection on mortality in this cohort. Results: Among 25 486 HIV-positive individuals, with a median follow-up 4.5 years, HBV coinfection was significantly associated with increased all-cause and liver-related mortality in multivariable analyses: adjusted rate ratios (ARR) [95% confidence intervals (95% CI)] were 1.60 (1.28-2.00) and 10.42 (5.78-18.80), respectively. HCV coinfection was significantly associated with increased all-cause (ARR 1.43, 95% CI 1.15-1.76) and liver-related mortality (ARR 6.20, 95% CI 3.31-11.60). Neither HBV nor HCV coinfection were associated with increased AIDS-related mortality: ARRs (95% CI) 1.07 (0.63-1.83) and 0.40 (0.20-0.81), respectively. Conclusion: The increased rate of all-cause and liver-related mortality among hepatitis-coinfected individuals in this HIV-positive cohort highlights the need for primary prevention and access to effective hepatitis treatment for HIV-positive individuals.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/mortality ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Hepatitis B/mortality ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C/mortality ; Humans ; Male ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639076-6
ISSN	1473-5571 ; 0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
ISSN (online)	1473-5571
ISSN	0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
DOI	10.1097/QAD.0000000000001646
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Article ; Online: A meta-analysis of psychodynamic treatments for borderline and cluster C personality disorders.

Keefe, John R / McMain, Shelley F / McCarthy, Kevin S / Zilcha-Mano, Sigal / Dinger, Ulrike / Sahin, Zeynep / Graham, Kathryn / Barber, Jacques P

Personality disorders

2019 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) 157–169

Abstract: ... control groups predominantly reflecting treatment of borderline and mixed Cluster C PDs, and a random effects ...

Abstract	Personality disorders (PD) carry high psychosocial dysfunction and are associated with treatment resistance in nonspecialized care. Psychodynamic therapies (PDT) are often used to treat PDs, but there has never been a systematic meta-analysis of PDT trials for PD. To evaluate the evidence base for PDTs for PDs across multiple outcome domain, a systematic search for PDT for PD trials was conducted through PubMed and PsycINFO. Sixteen trials were identified, comprising 19 dynamic, 8 active, and 9 control groups predominantly reflecting treatment of borderline and mixed Cluster C PDs, and a random effects meta-analysis was undertaken. PDTs were superior to controls in improving core PD symptoms (
MeSH term(s)	Borderline Personality Disorder/therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Personality Disorders/therapy ; Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2540907-4
ISSN	1949-2723 ; 1949-2715
ISSN (online)	1949-2723
ISSN	1949-2715
DOI	10.1037/per0000382
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Article: Can Hepatitis C Virus Antigen Testing Replace Ribonucleic Acid Polymearse Chain Reaction Analysis for Detecting Hepatitis C Virus? A Systematic Review.

Khan, Harun / Hill, Andrew / Main, Janice / Brown, Ashley / Cooke, Graham

Open forum infectious diseases

2017 Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) ofw252

Abstract: The complexity and cost of current diagnostics for hepatitis C virus (HCV) may act as a prevention ...

Abstract	The complexity and cost of current diagnostics for hepatitis C virus (HCV) may act as a prevention to the scale-up of treatment in the developing world. Currently, ribonucleic acid (RNA)-polymerase chain reaction tests are the gold standard. However, there is potential for the use of simpler and cheaper antigen tests to confirm HCV infection in different clinical settings. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of antigen assays. This was compared with the reference-standard RNA assays. A subanalysis also assessed Architect core antigen test, which is the only commercially available antigen test on the market. In 24 datasets, evaluating HCV-antigen assays in 8136 samples, the percentage of HCV-antigen positive, HCV-RNA negative was 0.57%. The percentage HCV-antigen negative, HCV-RNA positive was 3.52%. There is strong evidence that antigen detection performs as well as RNA-based assays for HCV management. The use of antigen tests could improve access to HCV care in underresourced healthcare settings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2757767-3
ISSN	2328-8957
ISSN	2328-8957
DOI	10.1093/ofid/ofw252
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Article: A meta-analysis of psychodynamic treatments for borderline and cluster C personality disorders

Keefe, John R. / McMain, Shelley F. / McCarthy, Kevin S. / Zilcha-Mano, Sigal / Dinger, Ulrike / Sahin, Zeynep / Graham, Kathryn / Barber, Jacques P.

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

2020 Volume 11 3 , Page(s) 157

Abstract: ... control groups predominantly reflecting treatment of borderline and mixed Cluster C PDs, and a random effects ... BPD trials were of lower quality. Underresearched areas include narcissistic PD, specific Cluster C ...

Title translation	Eine Metaanalyse psychodynamischer Behandlungen von Borderline- und Cluster-C-Persönlichkeitsstörungen (DeepL)
Abstract	Personality disorders (PD) carry high psychosocial dysfunction and are associated with treatment resistance in nonspecialized care. Psychodynamic therapies (PDT) are often used to treat PDs, but there has never been a systematic meta-analysis of PDT trials for PD. To evaluate the evidence base for PDTs for PDs across multiple outcome domain, a systematic search for PDT for PD trials was conducted through PubMed and PsycINFO. Sixteen trials were identified, comprising 19 dynamic, 8 active, and 9 control groups predominantly reflecting treatment of borderline and mixed Cluster C PDs, and a random effects meta-analysis was undertaken. PDTs were superior to controls in improving core PD symptoms (g = -0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI; -0.87, -0.41]), suicidality (g = -0.79, p = .02; 95% CI [-1.38, -0.20]), general psychiatric symptoms (g = -0.47; 95% CI [-0.69, -0.25]), and functioning (g = -0.66; 95% CI [-1.01, -0.32]), but not for interpersonal problems due to heterogeneity (g = -1.25; 95% CI [-3.22, 0.71]). Outcomes for PDTs were not different from other active treatments in core PD (g = 0.05; 95% CI [-0.25, 0.35]) or other symptoms. This pattern continued into posttreatment follow-up (average 14 months). Study quality was generally rated as adequate and was unrelated to outcomes. Compared with other treatments, PDTs do not have different acute effects and are superior to controls, although only trials treating BPD employed active controls and non-BPD trials were of lower quality. Underresearched areas include narcissistic PD, specific Cluster C disorders, and personality pathology as a continuous construct.
Keywords	Personality Disorders ; Persönlichkeitsstörungen ; Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ; Psychodynamische Psychotherapie ; Psychotherapeutic Outcomes ; Psychotherapieergebnisse ; Therapieerfolgskontrolle ; Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation
Language	English
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2540907-4
ISSN	1949-2723 ; 1949-2715
ISSN (online)	1949-2723
ISSN	1949-2715
DOI	10.1037/per0000382
Database	PSYNDEX

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Article: Advances in hepatitis B and C.

Thomson, Emma C / Main, Janice

Current opinion in infectious diseases

2004 Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) 449–459

Abstract: Purpose of review: Hepatitis B and C infections are prevalent around the world and a major health ... on the subject of hepatitis B and C infections with particular focus on new treatment options, new approaches ... treatment in particular groups and new treatment options in patients infected with hepatitis B and C ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Hepatitis B and C infections are prevalent around the world and a major health burden due to the associated complications of hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma which occur in the context of chronic infection. Significant advances are being made in assessing and treating infected patients and recent studies are now targeting patients who have failed to respond to previous treatments or who have associated co-morbidities. The purpose of this article to review the recent literature on the subject of hepatitis B and C infections with particular focus on new treatment options, new approaches in patients who have previously failed therapy and in those who have co-morbidity. Recent findings: A large number of studies have been carried out investigating the roles of varying doses, targeting treatment in particular groups and new treatment options in patients infected with hepatitis B and C. Several key findings such as the value of prolonging treatment in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C infection, the use of pegylated interferon in chronic hepatitis B infection and the emergence of new treatments such as adefovir for resistant hepatitis B infection, as well as treatment of patients co-infected with hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus, have dominated the recent literature. Patients in particular groups such as those who have had liver transplantation or who are immunosuppressed have also received added attention. Summary: Hepatitis B and C infections are the focus of much current attention with particular regard to new and emerging treatment options which are becoming increasingly focused on varying patient groups.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; HIV Infections/complications ; Hepacivirus/classification ; Hepacivirus/drug effects ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Hepatitis B/complications ; Hepatitis B/drug therapy ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Hepatitis B/virology ; Hepatitis B virus/classification ; Hepatitis B virus/drug effects ; Hepatitis B virus/growth & development ; Hepatitis C/complications ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C/virology ; Humans ; Treatment Failure
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	645085-4
ISSN	1535-3877 ; 0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
ISSN (online)	1535-3877
ISSN	0951-7375 ; 1355-834X
DOI	10.1097/00001432-200410000-00010
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Article ; Online: Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected individuals.

Thomson, Emma C / Main, Janice

Journal of viral hepatitis

2008 Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) 773–781

Abstract: Many individuals are infected with both HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. More rapid ...

Abstract	Many individuals are infected with both HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. More rapid progression of liver disease is seen, higher levels of HCV RNA encourage transmission and sustained virological responses are lower in coinfected patients. The management of these patients is further complicated by potential interactions between antiretroviral therapy and peginterferon and ribavirin.
MeSH term(s)	Comorbidity ; Disease Progression ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C/complications ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1212497-7
ISSN	1365-2893 ; 1352-0504
ISSN (online)	1365-2893
ISSN	1352-0504
DOI	10.1111/j.1365-2893.2008.00981.x
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Article: Treatment of hepatitis C.

Heathcote, J / Main, J

Journal of viral hepatitis

2005 Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 223–235

Abstract: ... in patients with hepatitis C with sustained response rates of just over 50% overall and more than 70 ...

Abstract	The combination of pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin has improved treatment success rates in patients with hepatitis C with sustained response rates of just over 50% overall and more than 70% for those with genotypes 2 and 3. This article reviews the use of combination therapy, contraindications, factors influencing response and describes approaches to specific patient groups.
MeSH term(s)	Acute Disease ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Hepacivirus/drug effects ; Hepatitis C/diagnosis ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/diagnosis ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Maximum Tolerated Dose ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Prognosis ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Recombinant Proteins ; Ribavirin/adverse effects ; Ribavirin/therapeutic use ; Risk Assessment ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome ; Viral Load
Chemical Substances	Interferon-alpha ; Recombinant Proteins ; Polyethylene Glycols (30IQX730WE) ; interferon alfa-2b (43K1W2T1M6) ; Ribavirin (49717AWG6K) ; peginterferon alfa-2b (G8RGG88B68)
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1212497-7
ISSN	1365-2893 ; 1352-0504
ISSN (online)	1365-2893
ISSN	1352-0504
DOI	10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00600.x
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Article ; Online: Natural NS3 resistance polymorphisms occur frequently prior to treatment in HIV-positive patients with acute hepatitis C.

Leggewie, Mayke / Sreenu, Vattipally B / Abdelrahman, Tamer / Leitch, E Carol M / Wilkie, Gavin S / Klymenko, Tetyana / Muir, David / Thursz, Mark / Main, Janice / Thomson, Emma C

AIDS (London, England)

2013 Volume 27, Issue 15, Page(s) 2485–2488

Abstract: ... patients with hepatitis C. We measured the prevalence of natural resistance polymorphisms in 38 acutely ...

Abstract	NS3 protease inhibitors are set to improve sustained virological response rates in HIV-positive patients with hepatitis C. We measured the prevalence of natural resistance polymorphisms in 38 acutely infected treatment-naive patients using direct and deep sequencing. Twenty six percent of patients (10/38) had a majority variant resistance mutation (in order of frequency; Q80K - 16%, V36M - 5%, T54S - 3%, V55A - 3%, and D168A - 3%). Low-frequency mutations were detected in all samples. Further studies are required to determine threshold levels associated with treatment failure.
MeSH term(s)	Acute Disease ; HIV Infections/complications ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Hepatitis C/complications ; Hepatitis C/genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-06-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639076-6
ISSN	1473-5571 ; 0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
ISSN (online)	1473-5571
ISSN	0269-9370 ; 1350-2840
DOI	10.1097/QAD.0b013e328363b1f9
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