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  1. Book: Dominant immunological tolerance

    Cobbold, Stephen P.

    (Immunological reviews ; 149)

    1996  

    Author's details [S. P. Cobbold ...]
    Series title Immunological reviews ; 149
    Collection
    Keywords Immune Tolerance
    Language English
    Size 243 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher Munksgaard
    Publishing place Copenhagen
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT007115304
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  2. Article ; Online: The mTOR pathway and integrating immune regulation.

    Cobbold, Stephen P

    Immunology

    2013  Volume 140, Issue 4, Page(s) 391–398

    Abstract: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is an important integrator of nutrient-sensing signals in all mammalian cells, and acts to coordinate the cell proliferation with the availability of nutrients such as glucose, amino acids and energy ( ... ...

    Abstract The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is an important integrator of nutrient-sensing signals in all mammalian cells, and acts to coordinate the cell proliferation with the availability of nutrients such as glucose, amino acids and energy (oxygen and ATP). A large part of the immune response depends on the proliferation and clonal expansion of antigen-specific T cells, which depends on mTOR activation, and the pharmacological inhibition of this pathway by rapamycin is therefore potently immunosuppressive. It is only recently, however, that we have started to understand the more subtle details of how the mTOR pathway is involved in controlling the differentiation of effector versus memory CD8(+) T cells and the decision to generate different CD4(+) helper T-cell subsets. In particular, this review will focus on how nutrient sensing via mTOR controls the expression of the master transcription factor for regulatory T cells in order to maintain the balance between tolerance and inflammation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Hypoxia ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunologic Memory ; Inflammation/enzymology ; Inflammation/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/enzymology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/enzymology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.1.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80124-0
    ISSN 1365-2567 ; 0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
    ISSN (online) 1365-2567
    ISSN 0019-2805 ; 0953-4954
    DOI 10.1111/imm.12162
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: COVID-19 and working from home-related changes in physical activity in Sydney, Australia.

    Cobbold, Alec / Crane, Melanie / Greaves, Stephen / Standen, Christopher / Beck, Matthew / Rissel, Chris

    Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals

    2024  

    Abstract: ... average weekly PA increased in 2021 by 42.6 min total PA (p = .001), 16 min walking PA (p = .02), and 26.4 ... min moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) (p = .003). However, average weekly sessions of PA decreased in 2020 ...

    Abstract Issues addressed: Evidence on how COVID-19 lockdowns impacted physical activity (PA) is mixed. This study explores changes in PA following initial mobility restrictions, and their subsequent relaxation, in a sample of Sydney (Australia) residents using a natural experiment methodology.
    Methods: Participants' health and travel behaviours were collected pre-pandemic in late 2019 (n = 1937), with follow-up waves during the pandemic in 2020 (n = 1706) and 2021 (n = 1514). Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyse changes in weekly duration of PA between the three waves.
    Results: Compared with pre-pandemic, average weekly PA increased in 2021 by 42.6 min total PA (p = .001), 16 min walking PA (p = .02), and 26.4 min moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) (p = .003). However, average weekly sessions of PA decreased in 2020 and remained lower in 2021. For participants who were sufficiently active in 2019, weekly total PA (-66.3 min) MVPA (-43.8 min) decreased in 2020 compared to pre-pandemic. Conversely, among participants who were insufficiently active in 2019, average weekly PA increased in both 2020 (total PA, +99.1 min; walking PA, +46.4 min; MVPA +52.8 min) and 2021 (total PA, +117.8 min; walking PA, +58.4 min; MVPA +59.2 min), compared to 2019. Participants who did more work from home increased their average weekly total PA in 2021 compared to pre-pandemic (+45.3 min).
    Conclusion: These findings reveal the complex variability in PA behaviour brought about by the pandemic. SO WHAT?: Strategies to support the population in achieving sufficient PA must focus on maintaining an appetite for PA as we move out of the pandemic and on promoting more frequent PA sessions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-09
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2250864-8
    ISSN 2201-1617 ; 1036-1073
    ISSN (online) 2201-1617
    ISSN 1036-1073
    DOI 10.1002/hpja.838
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Rejecting minors--it's all in the presentation.

    Cobbold, Stephen P

    Transplantation

    2011  Volume 91, Issue 2, Page(s) 152–153

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antigen Presentation ; Female ; Graft Rejection/immunology ; H-Y Antigen/immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/immunology ; Skin Transplantation/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology ; Transplantation Immunology
    Chemical Substances H-Y Antigen ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-01-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208424-7
    ISSN 1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
    ISSN (online) 1534-6080
    ISSN 0041-1337
    DOI 10.1097/TP.0b013e318201ac7b
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: CD4

    Cobbold, Stephen P / Adams, Elizabeth / Howie, Duncan / Waldmann, Herman

    Frontiers in immunology

    2018  Volume 9, Page(s) 1381

    Abstract: During an immune response, naïve ... ...

    Abstract During an immune response, naïve CD4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01381
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Perceptions of air quality and concern for health in relation to long-term air pollution exposure, bushfires, and COVID-19 lockdown: A before-and-after study.

    Cobbold, Alec T / Crane, Melanie A / Knibbs, Luke D / Hanigan, Ivan C / Greaves, Stephen P / Rissel, Chris E

    The journal of climate change and health

    2022  Volume 6, Page(s) 100137

    Abstract: Background: Air pollution is a major health burden and the leading environmental risk factor for non-communicable diseases worldwide. People's perceptions and concerns about air pollution are important as they may predict protective behaviour or support ...

    Abstract Background: Air pollution is a major health burden and the leading environmental risk factor for non-communicable diseases worldwide. People's perceptions and concerns about air pollution are important as they may predict protective behaviour or support for climate change mitigation policies.
    Methods: This repeat cross-sectional study uses survey data collected from participants in Sydney, Australia in September-November 2019 (
    Results: Participants in suburbs with higher estimated air pollution concentrations generally perceived poorer air quality and were more concerned for health in relation to air quality. A 5 µg/m
    Discussion: This study provides the first Australian data on the association between estimated air quality exposure and air quality perceptions and concerns, contributing new evidence to inform public health approaches that increase awareness for air pollution and reduce the health burden.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-21
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2667-2782
    ISSN (online) 2667-2782
    DOI 10.1016/j.joclim.2022.100137
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Combining regulation with suppression and aiming for tolerance.

    Cobbold, Stephen P

    Transplantation

    2010  Volume 89, Issue 8, Page(s) 909–910

    MeSH term(s) Adoptive Transfer ; Animals ; CD40 Antigens/metabolism ; CD40 Ligand/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/analysis ; Graft Rejection/immunology ; Graft Rejection/prevention & control ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects ; Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/analysis ; Isoantigens/immunology ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/transplantation ; Time Factors ; Transplantation Tolerance/drug effects
    Chemical Substances CD40 Antigens ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Foxp3 protein, mouse ; Il2ra protein, mouse ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ; Isoantigens ; CD40 Ligand (147205-72-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 208424-7
    ISSN 1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
    ISSN (online) 1534-6080
    ISSN 0041-1337
    DOI 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181d3ca03
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Future therapeutics for the induction of peripheral immune tolerance in autoimmune disease and organ transplantation.

    Cobbold, Stephen P

    Immunotherapy

    2009  Volume 1, Issue 3, Page(s) 447–460

    Abstract: Rodent models of transplantation and autoimmune disease have demonstrated that it is possible to induce lifelong and specific immunological tolerance to both self and graft antigens in the absence of any continued immunosuppression. If this situation ... ...

    Abstract Rodent models of transplantation and autoimmune disease have demonstrated that it is possible to induce lifelong and specific immunological tolerance to both self and graft antigens in the absence of any continued immunosuppression. If this situation could be achieved clinically, it would avoid many of the longer-term complications of immunosuppression, such as the increased risk of infection, cancer and other side effects, such as nephrotoxicity. In this review, we shall consider the interplay between regulatory T cells, dendritic cells and the tissue itself, and the resulting local protective mechanisms that are coordinated to maintain the tolerant state and an acquired local immune privilege. The current status of attempts to apply tolerogenic approaches to the clinical treatment of autoimmune diseases and to induce either tolerance to organ grafts or sufficient immune regulation so that conventional immunosuppression can be minimized will also be considered.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/immunology ; Cell Communication ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance/drug effects ; Immunosuppression ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/immunology ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism ; Mice ; Organ Transplantation/trends ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
    Chemical Substances Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 1750-7448
    ISSN (online) 1750-7448
    DOI 10.2217/imt.09.9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Translating Tolerogenic Therapies to the Clinic - Where Do We Stand and What are the Barriers?

    Cobbold, Stephen P / Li, Xian C

    Frontiers in immunology

    2012  Volume 3, Page(s) 317

    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-10-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00317
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Perceptions of air quality and concern for health in relation to long-term air pollution exposure, bushfires, and COVID-19 lockdown

    Alec T. Cobbold / Melanie A. Crane / Luke D. Knibbs / Ivan C. Hanigan / Stephen P. Greaves / Chris E. Rissel

    The Journal of Climate Change and Health, Vol 6, Iss , Pp 100137- (2022)

    A before-and-after study

    2022  

    Abstract: ... 1.32). Air quality was perceived as better in 2020 than in 2019 in both NO2 and PM2.5 models (p<0 ...

    Abstract Background: Air pollution is a major health burden and the leading environmental risk factor for non-communicable diseases worldwide. People's perceptions and concerns about air pollution are important as they may predict protective behaviour or support for climate change mitigation policies. Methods: This repeat cross-sectional study uses survey data collected from participants in Sydney, Australia in September–November 2019 (n = 1,647) and October–December 2020 (n = 1,458), before and after the devastating 2019/2020 bushfires and first COVID-19 lockdown restrictions in Sydney in 2020. Participants’ perceptions of air quality and concerns for health in relation to air quality were modeled against estimates of annual average NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations in their neighbourhood. Results: Participants in suburbs with higher estimated air pollution concentrations generally perceived poorer air quality and were more concerned for health in relation to air quality. A 5 µg/m3 increase in NO2 was associated with perceived poorer air quality (OR 1.32, 95%CI 1.18–1.47). A 1 µg/m3 increase in estimated PM2.5 was associated with perceived poorer air quality (OR 1.37, 95%CI 1.24–1.52) and greater concern for health (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.05–1.32). Air quality was perceived as better in 2020 than in 2019 in both NO2 and PM2.5 models (p<0.001). Air quality concern increased in 2020 in both models. Discussion: This study provides the first Australian data on the association between estimated air quality exposure and air quality perceptions and concerns, contributing new evidence to inform public health approaches that increase awareness for air pollution and reduce the health burden.
    Keywords Air quality ; Air pollution ; Perception ; Health ; Concern ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; Meteorology. Climatology ; QC851-999
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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