Article ; Online: A review of genetic alterations in the serotonin pathway and their correlation with psychotic diseases and response to atypical antipsychotics.
2016 Volume 170, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–29
Abstract: Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a predominant role in mood regulation. The importance of the serotonin pathway in controlling behavior and mental status is well recognized. All the serotonin elements - serotonin receptors, serotonin ... ...
| Abstract | Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a predominant role in mood regulation. The importance of the serotonin pathway in controlling behavior and mental status is well recognized. All the serotonin elements - serotonin receptors, serotonin transporter, tryptophan hydroxylase and monoamine oxidase proteins - can show alterations in terms of mRNA or protein levels and protein sequence, in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Additionally, when examining the genes sequences of all serotonin elements, several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found to be more prevalent in schizophrenic or bipolar patients than in healthy individuals. Several of these alterations have been associated either with different phenotypes between patients and healthy individuals or with the response of psychiatric patients to the treatment with atypical antipsychotics. The complex pattern of genetic diversity within the serotonin pathway hampers efforts to identify the key variations contributing to an individual's susceptibility to the disease. In this review article, we summarize all genetic alterations found across the serotonin pathway, we provide information on whether and how they affect schizophrenia or bipolar disorder phenotypes, and, on the contribution of familial relationships on their detection frequencies. Furthermore, we provide evidence on whether and how specific gene polymorphisms affect the outcome of schizophrenic or bipolar patients of different ethnic groups, in response to treatment with atypical antipsychotics. All data are discussed thoroughly, providing prospective for future studies. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Psychotic Disorders/drug therapy ; Psychotic Disorders/genetics ; Receptors, Serotonin/genetics ; Serotonin/genetics |
| Chemical Substances | Antipsychotic Agents ; Receptors, Serotonin ; Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2016-01 |
| Publishing country | Netherlands |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review |
| ZDB-ID | 639422-x |
| ISSN | 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964 |
| ISSN (online) | 1573-2509 |
| ISSN | 0920-9964 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.schres.2015.11.003 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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