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  1. Article ; Online: Involvement of pro-inflammatory mediators and cell cycle disruption in neuronal cells induced by gliotoxin and ochratoxin A after individual and combined exposure.

    Penalva-Olcina, Raquel / Juan, Cristina / Fernández-Franzón, Mónica / Juan-García, Ana

    Toxicology letters

    2024  Volume 393, Page(s) 24–32

    Abstract: Mycotoxins such as gliotoxin (GTX) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are secondary metabolites of Aspergillus and Penicillum found in food and feed. Both mycotoxins have shown to exert a detrimental effect on neuronal activity. The following study was carried out ... ...

    Abstract Mycotoxins such as gliotoxin (GTX) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are secondary metabolites of Aspergillus and Penicillum found in food and feed. Both mycotoxins have shown to exert a detrimental effect on neuronal activity. The following study was carried out to elucidate the mechanisms by which GTX and OTA exert their toxicity. Non-differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal-like cells were treated with GTX, OTA and their combinations to assess their cytotoxic effect using the MTT assay during 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure. Based on the results of the cytotoxic assays, cell cycle proliferation and immunological mediators were measured by determining the production of IL-6 and TNF-α using flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. The IC
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gliotoxin/toxicity ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology ; Interleukin-6 ; Neuroblastoma ; Ochratoxins/toxicity ; Mycotoxins/toxicity ; Cell Cycle
    Chemical Substances ochratoxin A (1779SX6LUY) ; Gliotoxin (67-99-2) ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Interleukin-6 ; Ochratoxins ; Mycotoxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 433788-8
    ISSN 1879-3169 ; 0378-4274
    ISSN (online) 1879-3169
    ISSN 0378-4274
    DOI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.01.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Thinking inside the box: intracellular roles for complement system proteins come into focus.

    O'Brien, Rebecca M / Lynam-Lennon, Niamh / Olcina, Monica M

    British journal of cancer

    2023  Volume 128, Issue 2, Page(s) 165–167

    Abstract: Over the last decade, perspectives on the complement system in the context of cancer have shifted, with complement proteins now implicated in many of the hallmarks of cancer. Systemically, the generation of complement anaphylatoxin C5a, the most potent ... ...

    Abstract Over the last decade, perspectives on the complement system in the context of cancer have shifted, with complement proteins now implicated in many of the hallmarks of cancer. Systemically, the generation of complement anaphylatoxin C5a, the most potent inflammatory mediator of the cascade, occurs following convertase-mediated cleavage of complement component C5. In a recent manuscript, Ding et al., propose that in colorectal cancer cells, C5 cleavage can occur intracellularly and in a convertase-independent manner, identifying cathepsin D as an enzyme capable of cleaving C5 into C5a [1]. Intracellular C5a is functional and promotes β-catenin stabilisation via the assembly of a KCTD5/cullin3/Roc-1 complex. Importantly, the blockade of C5aR1 prevents tumorigenesis. This study adds to a growing body of evidence indicating that complement proteins, previously thought to primarily have extracellular or membrane-bound functions, also have important intracellular roles.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Complement System Proteins/metabolism ; Complement C5/metabolism ; Complement C5a/metabolism ; Potassium Channels
    Chemical Substances Complement System Proteins (9007-36-7) ; Complement C5 ; Complement C5a (80295-54-1) ; KCTD5 protein, human ; Potassium Channels
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80075-2
    ISSN 1532-1827 ; 0007-0920
    ISSN (online) 1532-1827
    ISSN 0007-0920
    DOI 10.1038/s41416-022-02116-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Cell cycle and enzymatic activity alterations induced by ROS production in human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y exposed to Fumonisin B1, Ochratoxin A and their combination.

    Penalva-Olcina, Raquel / Juan, Cristina / Fernández-Franzón, Mónica / Juan-García, Ana

    Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA

    2023  Volume 93, Page(s) 105670

    Abstract: The presence of mycotoxins such as Fumonisin B1(FB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) in food and feed has become a threat to human and animal health since they can produce several afflictions. Different mechanisms of action by which they exercise their cytotoxic ... ...

    Abstract The presence of mycotoxins such as Fumonisin B1(FB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) in food and feed has become a threat to human and animal health since they can produce several afflictions. Different mechanisms of action by which they exercise their cytotoxic activity have been attributed to them, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). For this reason, a measurement of the production of ROS species, and an evaluation of the intrinsic cell enzymatic antioxidant activity, including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione transferase (GTS), and catalase (CAT) together with a cytotoxicity and cell cycle assay have been performed in undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to FB1, OTA and [FB1 + OTA] after 24 h and 48 h. FB1 and OTA. Monitoring of intracellular ROS production was carried out by the H
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Neuroblastoma ; Fumonisins/toxicity ; Mycotoxins/toxicity ; Antioxidants ; Cell Division ; Cell Cycle
    Chemical Substances ochratoxin A (1779SX6LUY) ; fumonisin B1 (3ZZM97XZ32) ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Fumonisins ; Mycotoxins ; Antioxidants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639064-x
    ISSN 1879-3177 ; 0887-2333
    ISSN (online) 1879-3177
    ISSN 0887-2333
    DOI 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105670
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The importance of hypoxia in radiotherapy for the immune response, metastatic potential and FLASH-RT.

    Moon, Eui Jung / Petersson, Kristoffer / Olcina, Monica M

    International journal of radiation biology

    2021  Volume 98, Issue 3, Page(s) 439–451

    Abstract: Purpose: Hypoxia (low oxygen) is a common feature of solid tumors that has been intensely studied for more than six decades. Here we review the importance of hypoxia to radiotherapy with a particular focus on the contribution of hypoxia to immune ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Hypoxia (low oxygen) is a common feature of solid tumors that has been intensely studied for more than six decades. Here we review the importance of hypoxia to radiotherapy with a particular focus on the contribution of hypoxia to immune responses, metastatic potential and FLASH radiotherapy, active areas of research by leading women in the field.
    Conclusion: Although hypoxia-driven metastasis and immunosuppression can negatively impact clinical outcome, understanding these processes can also provide tumor-specific vulnerabilities that may be therapeutically exploited. The different oxygen tensions present in tumors and normal tissues may underpin the beneficial FLASH sparing effect seen in normal tissue and represents a perfect example of advances in the field that can leverage tumor hypoxia to improve future radiotherapy treatments.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia/radiotherapy ; Immunity ; Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Oxygen ; Radiation Oncology ; Radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy Dosage
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 3065-x
    ISSN 1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    ISSN (online) 1362-3095
    ISSN 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    DOI 10.1080/09553002.2021.1988178
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Effectiveness of beetroot extract in SH-SY5Y neuronal cell protection against Fumonisin B1, Ochratoxin A and its combination

    Penalva-Olcina, Raquel / Juan, Cristina / Fernández-Franzón, Mónica / Juan-García, Ana

    Food and chemical toxicology. 2022 July, v. 165

    2022  

    Abstract: Fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are fungal metabolites of worldwide concern because of their effect on human and animal health, as both have been classified by IARC as possible carcinogens (Group 2B). Beetroot is a source of dietary fiber, ... ...

    Abstract Fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are fungal metabolites of worldwide concern because of their effect on human and animal health, as both have been classified by IARC as possible carcinogens (Group 2B). Beetroot is a source of dietary fiber, folic acid, and vitamin C, and some studies have demonstrated their antioxidant activity. Therefore, this work presents the cytoprotective effect of beetroot extract (BRE) on a neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y cells) exposed to FB1, OTA, and its combination. Cytotoxicity was studied by the MTT ([3–4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, for 24 h and 48 h. Simultaneous treatment and pre-treatment strategies were tested with 1:512–1:2 and 1:0 dilutions of BRE, with a concentration range from 0.4 to 100 μM of FB1 and from 0.19 to 50 μM of OTA. IC₅₀ values of 5.8 μM and 9.1 μM at 24 h and 48 h, respectively were obtained for OTA while no cytotoxic effect was detected at the concentrations tested for FB1. Cytoprotection with increased viability was obtained when the simultaneous BRE + OTA strategy was performed. Finally, better protection was observed in the pretreatment strategy in which cells were exposed 24 h previously to BRE, compared to that shown in the simultaneous assay.
    Keywords antioxidant activity ; ascorbic acid ; beets ; cell lines ; cytotoxicity ; dietary fiber ; folic acid ; fumonisin B1 ; fungi ; metabolites ; neurons ; ochratoxin A ; viability
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-07
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 782617-5
    ISSN 1873-6351 ; 0278-6915
    ISSN (online) 1873-6351
    ISSN 0278-6915
    DOI 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113164
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Effectiveness of beetroot extract in SH-SY5Y neuronal cell protection against Fumonisin B1, Ochratoxin A and its combination.

    Penalva-Olcina, Raquel / Juan, Cristina / Fernández-Franzón, Mónica / Juan-García, Ana

    Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

    2022  Volume 165, Page(s) 113164

    Abstract: Fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are fungal metabolites of worldwide concern because of their effect on human and animal health, as both have been classified by IARC as possible carcinogens (Group 2B). Beetroot is a source of dietary fiber, ... ...

    Abstract Fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are fungal metabolites of worldwide concern because of their effect on human and animal health, as both have been classified by IARC as possible carcinogens (Group 2B). Beetroot is a source of dietary fiber, folic acid, and vitamin C, and some studies have demonstrated their antioxidant activity. Therefore, this work presents the cytoprotective effect of beetroot extract (BRE) on a neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y cells) exposed to FB1, OTA, and its combination. Cytotoxicity was studied by the MTT ([3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, for 24 h and 48 h. Simultaneous treatment and pre-treatment strategies were tested with 1:512-1:2 and 1:0 dilutions of BRE, with a concentration range from 0.4 to 100 μM of FB1 and from 0.19 to 50 μM of OTA. IC
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cytoprotection ; Fumonisins/toxicity ; Humans ; Neuroblastoma ; Ochratoxins ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Fumonisins ; Ochratoxins ; Plant Extracts ; ochratoxin A (1779SX6LUY) ; fumonisin B1 (3ZZM97XZ32)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 782617-5
    ISSN 1873-6351 ; 0278-6915
    ISSN (online) 1873-6351
    ISSN 0278-6915
    DOI 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113164
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: The effects of radiation therapy on the macrophage response in cancer.

    Beach, Callum / MacLean, David / Majorova, Dominika / Arnold, James N / Olcina, Monica M

    Frontiers in oncology

    2022  Volume 12, Page(s) 1020606

    Abstract: The efficacy of radiotherapy, a mainstay of cancer treatment, is strongly influenced by both cellular and non-cellular features of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a heterogeneous population within the TME and ... ...

    Abstract The efficacy of radiotherapy, a mainstay of cancer treatment, is strongly influenced by both cellular and non-cellular features of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a heterogeneous population within the TME and their prevalence significantly correlates with patient prognosis in a range of cancers. Macrophages display intrinsic radio-resistance and radiotherapy can influence TAM recruitment and phenotype. However, whether radiotherapy alone can effectively "reprogram" TAMs to display anti-tumor phenotypes appears conflicting. Here, we discuss the effect of radiation on macrophage recruitment and plasticity in cancer, while emphasizing the role of specific TME components which may compromise the tumor response to radiation and influence macrophage function. In particular, this review will focus on soluble factors (cytokines, chemokines and components of the complement system) as well as physical changes to the TME. Since the macrophage response has the potential to influence radiotherapy outcomes this population may represent a drug target for improving treatment. An enhanced understanding of components of the TME impacting radiation-induced TAM recruitment and function may help consider the scope for future therapeutic avenues to target this plastic and pervasive population.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2022.1020606
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Reducing radiation-induced gastrointestinal toxicity - the role of the PHD/HIF axis.

    Olcina, Monica M / Giaccia, Amato J

    The Journal of clinical investigation

    2016  Volume 126, Issue 10, Page(s) 3708–3715

    Abstract: Radiotherapy is an effective treatment strategy for cancer, but a significant proportion of patients experience radiation-induced toxicity due to damage to normal tissue in the irradiation field. The use of chemical or biological approaches aimed at ... ...

    Abstract Radiotherapy is an effective treatment strategy for cancer, but a significant proportion of patients experience radiation-induced toxicity due to damage to normal tissue in the irradiation field. The use of chemical or biological approaches aimed at reducing or preventing normal tissue toxicity induced by radiotherapy is a long-held goal. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) regulate the production of factors that may protect several cellular compartments affected by radiation-induced toxicity. Pharmacological inhibitors of prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes (PHDs), which result in stabilization of HIFs, have recently been proposed as a new class of radioprotectors. In this review, radiation-induced toxicity in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the main cellular compartments studied in this context will be discussed. The effects of PHD inhibition on GI radioprotection will be described in detail.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Tract/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Tract/pathology ; Gastrointestinal Tract/radiation effects ; Humans ; Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Prolyl Hydroxylases/metabolism ; Prolyl-Hydroxylase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Prolyl-Hydroxylase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Protein Stability ; Radiation Injuries/metabolism ; Radiation Injuries/prevention & control ; Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology ; Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use ; Signal Transduction
    Chemical Substances Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Prolyl-Hydroxylase Inhibitors ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; Prolyl Hydroxylases (EC 1.14.11.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-08-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3067-3
    ISSN 1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
    ISSN (online) 1558-8238
    ISSN 0021-9738
    DOI 10.1172/JCI84432
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: WIP1 and senescence: oxygen matters.

    Olcina, Monica M / Hammond, Ester M

    Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

    2014  Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) 1062

    MeSH term(s) Aging, Premature/metabolism ; Animals ; DNA Damage/physiology ; DNA Replication/physiology ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.16) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2146183-1
    ISSN 1551-4005 ; 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1551-4005
    ISSN 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    DOI 10.4161/cc.28385
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Replication catastrophe induced by cyclic hypoxia leads to increased APOBEC3B activity.

    Bader, Samuel B / Ma, Tiffany S / Simpson, Charlotte J / Liang, Jiachen / Maezono, Sakura Eri B / Olcina, Monica M / Buffa, Francesca M / Hammond, Ester M

    Nucleic acids research

    2021  Volume 49, Issue 13, Page(s) 7492–7506

    Abstract: Tumor heterogeneity includes variable and fluctuating oxygen concentrations, which result in the accumulation of hypoxic regions in most solid tumors. Tumor hypoxia leads to increased therapy resistance and has been linked to genomic instability. Here, ... ...

    Abstract Tumor heterogeneity includes variable and fluctuating oxygen concentrations, which result in the accumulation of hypoxic regions in most solid tumors. Tumor hypoxia leads to increased therapy resistance and has been linked to genomic instability. Here, we tested the hypothesis that exposure to levels of hypoxia that cause replication stress could increase APOBEC activity and the accumulation of APOBEC-mediated mutations. APOBEC-dependent mutational signatures have been well-characterized, although the physiological conditions which underpin them have not been described. We demonstrate that fluctuating/cyclic hypoxic conditions which lead to replication catastrophe induce the expression and activity of APOBEC3B. In contrast, stable/chronic hypoxic conditions which induce replication stress in the absence of DNA damage are not sufficient to induce APOBEC3B. Most importantly, the number of APOBEC-mediated mutations in patient tumors correlated with a hypoxia signature. Together, our data support the conclusion that hypoxia-induced replication catastrophe drives genomic instability in tumors, specifically through increasing the activity of APOBEC3B.
    MeSH term(s) APOBEC Deaminases/metabolism ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytidine Deaminase/metabolism ; DNA Replication ; Deamination ; Humans ; Hydroxyurea/toxicity ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/metabolism ; Neoplasms/enzymology ; Stress, Physiological/genetics
    Chemical Substances Minor Histocompatibility Antigens ; APOBEC Deaminases (EC 3.5.4.5) ; APOBEC3B protein, human (EC 3.5.4.5) ; Cytidine Deaminase (EC 3.5.4.5) ; Hydroxyurea (X6Q56QN5QC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 186809-3
    ISSN 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    ISSN (online) 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
    ISSN 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    DOI 10.1093/nar/gkab551
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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