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Article ; Online: Targeting pivotal inflammatory pathways in COVID-19: A mechanistic review.

Yarmohammadi, Akram / Yarmohammadi, Mostafa / Fakhri, Sajad / Khan, Haroon

2020 Volume 890, Page(s) 173620

Abstract: As an emerging global health crisis, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been labeled a worldwide pandemic. Growing evidence is revealing further pathophysiological mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Amongst ... ...

Abstract	As an emerging global health crisis, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been labeled a worldwide pandemic. Growing evidence is revealing further pathophysiological mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Amongst these dysregulated pathways inflammation seems to play a more critical role toward COVID-19 complications. In the present study, precise inflammatory pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2, along with potential therapeutic candidates have been discussed. Prevailing evidence has indicated a close correlation of inflammatory cascades with severity, pathological progression, and organ damages in COVID-19 patients. From the mechanistic point of view, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β receptor, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor, toll-like receptor, receptor tyrosine kinases, growth factor receptor, Janus kinase/signal transducers and transcription pathway, mammalian target of rapamycin, cytokine storm and macrophage activation have shown to play critical roles in COVID-19 complications. So, there is an urgent need to provide novel mechanistic-based anti-inflammatory agents. This review highlights inflammatory signaling pathways of SARS-CoV-2. Several therapeutic targets and treatment strategies have also been provided in an attempt to tackle COVID-19 complications.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/immunology ; Humans ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Inflammation/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-07
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80121-5
ISSN	1879-0712 ; 0014-2999
ISSN (online)	1879-0712
ISSN	0014-2999
DOI	10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173620
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Article ; Online: Targeting pivotal inflammatory pathways in COVID-19

Yarmohammadi, Akram / Yarmohammadi, Mostafa / Fakhri, Sajad / Khan, Haroon

European Journal of Pharmacology

A mechanistic review

2020 , Page(s) 173620

Keywords	Pharmacology ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	80121-5
ISSN	1879-0712 ; 0014-2999
ISSN (online)	1879-0712
ISSN	0014-2999
DOI	10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173620
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Marine Natural Products: Promising Candidates in the Modulation of Gut-Brain Axis towards Neuroprotection.

Fakhri, Sajad / Yarmohammadi, Akram / Yarmohammadi, Mostafa / Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein / Echeverria, Javier

Marine drugs

2021 Volume 19, Issue 3

Abstract: In recent decades, several neuroprotective agents have been provided in combating neuronal dysfunctions; however, no effective treatment has been found towards the complete eradication of neurodegenerative diseases. From the pathophysiological point of ... ...

Abstract	In recent decades, several neuroprotective agents have been provided in combating neuronal dysfunctions; however, no effective treatment has been found towards the complete eradication of neurodegenerative diseases. From the pathophysiological point of view, growing studies are indicating a bidirectional relationship between gut and brain termed gut-brain axis in the context of health/disease. Revealing the gut-brain axis has survived new hopes in the prevention, management, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, introducing novel alternative therapies in regulating the gut-brain axis seems to be an emerging concept to pave the road in fighting neurodegenerative diseases. Growing studies have developed marine-derived natural products as hopeful candidates in a simultaneous targeting of gut-brain dysregulated mediators towards neuroprotection. Of marine natural products, carotenoids (e.g., fucoxanthin, and astaxanthin), phytosterols (e.g., fucosterol), polysaccharides (e.g., fucoidan, chitosan, alginate, and laminarin), macrolactins (e.g., macrolactin A), diterpenes (e.g., lobocrasol, excavatolide B, and crassumol E) and sesquiterpenes (e.g., zonarol) have shown to be promising candidates in modulating gut-brain axis. The aforementioned marine natural products are potential regulators of inflammatory, apoptotic, and oxidative stress mediators towards a bidirectional regulation of the gut-brain axis. The present study aims at describing the gut-brain axis, the importance of gut microbiota in neurological diseases, as well as the modulatory role of marine natural products towards neuroprotection.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/metabolism ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Biological Products/isolation & purification ; Biological Products/pharmacology ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/physiopathology ; Dysbiosis ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects ; Humans ; Intestines/microbiology ; Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy ; Nervous System Diseases/metabolism ; Nervous System Diseases/microbiology ; Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology ; Neuroprotective Agents/isolation & purification ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Biological Products ; Neuroprotective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2175190-0
ISSN	1660-3397 ; 1660-3397
ISSN (online)	1660-3397
ISSN	1660-3397
DOI	10.3390/md19030165
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Article: Modulation of TLR/NF-κB/NLRP Signaling by Bioactive Phytocompounds: A Promising Strategy to Augment Cancer Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy.

Fakhri, Sajad / Moradi, Seyed Zachariah / Yarmohammadi, Akram / Narimani, Fatemeh / Wallace, Carly E / Bishayee, Anupam

Frontiers in oncology

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) 834072

Abstract: Background: Tumors often progress to a more aggressive phenotype to resist drugs. Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind this tumor behavior which is known as cancer chemoresistance. Thus, there is an emerging need to discover pivotal signaling ... ...

Abstract	Background: Tumors often progress to a more aggressive phenotype to resist drugs. Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind this tumor behavior which is known as cancer chemoresistance. Thus, there is an emerging need to discover pivotal signaling pathways involved in the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and cancer immunotherapy. Reports indicate the critical role of the toll-like receptor (TLR)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) pathway in cancer initiation, progression, and development. Therefore, targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling is a promising strategy to augment cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy and to combat chemoresistance. Considering the potential of phytochemicals in the regulation of multiple dysregulated pathways during cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, such compounds could be suitable candidates against cancer chemoresistance. Objectives: This is the first comprehensive and systematic review regarding the role of phytochemicals in the mitigation of chemoresistance by regulating the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Methods: A comprehensive and systematic review was designed based on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane electronic databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to include papers on TLR/NF-κB/NLRP and chemotherapy/immunotherapy/chemoresistance by phytochemicals. Results: Phytochemicals are promising multi-targeting candidates against the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway and interconnected mediators. Employing phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, and sulfur compounds could be a promising strategy for managing cancer chemoresistance through the modulation of the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway. Novel delivery systems of phytochemicals in cancer chemotherapy/immunotherapy are also highlighted. Conclusion: Targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling with bioactive phytocompounds reverses chemoresistance and improves the outcome for chemotherapy and immunotherapy in both preclinical and clinical stages.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2022.834072
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Targeting pivotal inflammatory pathways in COVID-19: A mechanistic review

Yarmohammadi, Akram / Yarmohammadi, Mostafa / Fakhri, Sajad / Khan, Haroon

Eur J Pharmacol

Abstract	As an emerging global health crisis, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been labeled a worldwide pandemic. Growing evidence is revealing further pathophysiological mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Amongst these dysregulated pathways inflammation seems to play a more critical role toward COVID-19 complications. In the present study, precise inflammatory pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2, along with potential therapeutic candidates have been discussed. Prevailing evidence has indicated a close correlation of inflammatory cascades with severity, pathological progression, and organ damages in COVID-19 patients. From the mechanistic point of view, interleukin-6, interleukin-1ß receptor, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor, toll-like receptor, receptor tyrosine kinases, growth factor receptor, Janus kinase/signal transducers and transcription pathway, mammalian target of rapamycin, cytokine storm and macrophage activation have shown to play critical roles in COVID-19 complications. So, there is an urgent need to provide novel mechanistic-based anti-inflammatory agents. This review highlights inflammatory signaling pathways of SARS-CoV-2. Several therapeutic targets and treatment strategies have also been provided in an attempt to tackle COVID-19 complications.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #838769
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Marine Natural Products

Sajad Fakhri / Akram Yarmohammadi / Mostafa Yarmohammadi / Mohammad Hosein Farzaei / Javier Echeverria

Marine Drugs, Vol 19, Iss 165, p

Promising Candidates in the Modulation of Gut-Brain Axis towards Neuroprotection

2021 Volume 165

Abstract	In recent decades, several neuroprotective agents have been provided in combating neuronal dysfunctions; however, no effective treatment has been found towards the complete eradication of neurodegenerative diseases. From the pathophysiological point of view, growing studies are indicating a bidirectional relationship between gut and brain termed gut-brain axis in the context of health/disease. Revealing the gut-brain axis has survived new hopes in the prevention, management, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, introducing novel alternative therapies in regulating the gut-brain axis seems to be an emerging concept to pave the road in fighting neurodegenerative diseases. Growing studies have developed marine-derived natural products as hopeful candidates in a simultaneous targeting of gut-brain dysregulated mediators towards neuroprotection. Of marine natural products, carotenoids (e.g., fucoxanthin, and astaxanthin), phytosterols (e.g., fucosterol), polysaccharides (e.g., fucoidan, chitosan, alginate, and laminarin), macrolactines (e.g., macrolactin A), diterpenes (e.g., lobocrasol, excavatolide B, and crassumol E) and sesquiterpenes (e.g., zonarol) have shown promising candidate in modulating gut-brain axis. The aforementioned marine natural products are potential regulators of inflammatory, apoptotic, and oxidative stress mediators towards a bidirectional regulation of the gut-brain axis. The present study aims at describing the gut-brain axis, the importance of gut microbiota in neurological diseases, as well as the modulatory role of marine natural products towards neuroprotection.
Keywords	marine natural products ; gut-brain axis ; neuroprotection ; signaling pathway ; therapeutic target ; pharmacology ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Role of the First Childbirth and its Associated Factors on Sexual Satisfaction and the Quality of Sexual Life of Married Women

Sheida Shabanian / Akram Karami Dehkordi / Dariush Gholipour Mofrad-Dashtaki / Parastoo Yarmohammadi-Samani / Saeid Heidari-Sourshajani

Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 7-

2023 Volume 15

Abstract: Background and aims: Sexual satisfaction (SS) and a desirable quality of sex life are known as prerequisites for the physical and mental health of individuals. This study was designed to evaluate the role of the first childbirth and its associated ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: Sexual satisfaction (SS) and a desirable quality of sex life are known as prerequisites for the physical and mental health of individuals. This study was designed to evaluate the role of the first childbirth and its associated factors in life satisfaction and the quality of life of married women in Shahrekord. Methods: This self-control cohort study was conducted on 124 married women who were planning to have their first pregnancy from January 2018 to February 2019. The convenience sampling method was used to select the samples. The questionnaires utilized in this research included the Demographic Information Questionnaire, the Married Women’s Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Sexual Quality of Life-Female Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by independent t test, chi-square, and Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS, version 22. Results: The mean scores of SS and the quality of sexual life before pregnancy and one year after delivery were 63.45±13.62 and 52.38±13.59, as well as, 88.40±14.19 and 71.08±13.29, respectively. In this study, there was a significant relationship (P±0.041) between changing the quality of sexual life and good economic status of individuals, as well as irregular menstrual status and contraceptive methods (natural birth control). Further, the relationship between residence and change in SS was significant so that people living in cities had the most change in SS compared to those living in rural areas (P±0.046). Conclusion: SS and its dimensions, including physical and psychological barriers, dominant cultural values, and husband-related factors, as well as the mean score of the quality of sex life one year after delivery, were lower than before pregnancy.
Keywords	quality of sex life ; sexual satisfaction ; nulliparous women ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Marine Natural Products: Promising Candidates in the Modulation of Gut-Brain Axis towards Neuroprotection

Fakhri, Sajad / Yarmohammadi, Akram / Yarmohammadi, Mostafa / Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein / Echeverria, Javier

Marine drugs. 2021 Mar. 19, v. 19, no. 3

2021

Abstract	In recent decades, several neuroprotective agents have been provided in combating neuronal dysfunctions; however, no effective treatment has been found towards the complete eradication of neurodegenerative diseases. From the pathophysiological point of view, growing studies are indicating a bidirectional relationship between gut and brain termed gut-brain axis in the context of health/disease. Revealing the gut-brain axis has survived new hopes in the prevention, management, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, introducing novel alternative therapies in regulating the gut-brain axis seems to be an emerging concept to pave the road in fighting neurodegenerative diseases. Growing studies have developed marine-derived natural products as hopeful candidates in a simultaneous targeting of gut-brain dysregulated mediators towards neuroprotection. Of marine natural products, carotenoids (e.g., fucoxanthin, and astaxanthin), phytosterols (e.g., fucosterol), polysaccharides (e.g., fucoidan, chitosan, alginate, and laminarin), macrolactins (e.g., macrolactin A), diterpenes (e.g., lobocrasol, excavatolide B, and crassumol E) and sesquiterpenes (e.g., zonarol) have shown to be promising candidates in modulating gut-brain axis. The aforementioned marine natural products are potential regulators of inflammatory, apoptotic, and oxidative stress mediators towards a bidirectional regulation of the gut-brain axis. The present study aims at describing the gut-brain axis, the importance of gut microbiota in neurological diseases, as well as the modulatory role of marine natural products towards neuroprotection.
Keywords	alginates ; apoptosis ; astaxanthin ; brain ; chitosan ; digestive system ; diterpenoids ; fucoidan ; intestinal microorganisms ; neurons ; neuroprotective effect ; oxidative stress ; phytosterols ; sesquiterpenoids
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0319
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2175190-0
ISSN	1660-3397
ISSN	1660-3397
DOI	10.3390/md19030165
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Flavonoids modulate AMPK/PGC-1α and interconnected pathways toward potential neuroprotective activities.

Gravandi, Mohammad Mehdi / Fakhri, Sajad / Zarneshan, Seyede Nazanin / Yarmohammadi, Akram / Khan, Haroon

Metabolic brain disease

2021 Volume 36, Issue 7, Page(s) 1501–1521

Abstract: As progressive, chronic, incurable and common reasons for disability and death, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are significant threats to human health. Besides, the increasing prevalence of neuronal gradual degeneration and death during NDDs has made ... ...

Abstract	As progressive, chronic, incurable and common reasons for disability and death, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are significant threats to human health. Besides, the increasing prevalence of neuronal gradual degeneration and death during NDDs has made them a global concern. Since yet, no effective treatment has been developed to combat multiple dysregulated pathways/mediators and related complications in NDDs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to create influential and multi-target factors to combat neuronal damages. Accordingly, the plant kingdom has drawn a bright future. Among natural entities, flavonoids are considered a rich source of drug discovery and development with potential biological and medicinal activities. Growing studies have reported multiple dysregulated pathways in NDDs, which among those mediator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) play critical roles. In this line, critical role of flavonoids in the upregulation of AMPK/PGC-1α pathway seems to pave the road in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), aging, central nervous system (brain/spinal cord) damages, stroke, and other NDDs. In the present study, the regulatory role of flavonoids in managing various NDDs has been shown to pass through AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.
MeSH term(s)	AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/physiology ; Aging/drug effects ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Animals ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/drug therapy ; Flavonoids/pharmacology ; Flavonoids/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Ischemic Stroke/drug therapy ; Memory Disorders/drug therapy ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/physiology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Flavonoids ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	632824-6
ISSN	1573-7365 ; 0885-7490
ISSN (online)	1573-7365
ISSN	0885-7490
DOI	10.1007/s11011-021-00750-3
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of RMI and ROMA indices in comparison to HE4 and CA125 parameters for estimating the risk of malignancy of adnexal masses.

Afsaneh Tehranian / Akram Ghahghaei-Nezamabadi / Nasim Yarmohammadi / Maryam Ganjeh / Khadije Maajaani / Reihaneh Aghajani

Tehran University Medical Journal, Vol 79, Iss 3, Pp 193-

2021 Volume 200

Abstract: Background: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cancer-related cause of death in women worldwide and is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Regarding the low sensitivity and specificity of the currently available diagnostic techniques, in the present ... ...

Abstract	Background: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cancer-related cause of death in women worldwide and is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Regarding the low sensitivity and specificity of the currently available diagnostic techniques, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of RMI and ROMA indexes and comparing these two indexes with CA-125 and HE4 parameters for the diagnosis and differentiation between benign and malignant ovarian tumors. Also, we determined the optimal cut-off level of these markers in patients who attended Arash Women’s Hospital. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 137 women with ovarian mass who were attended the gynecology clinic of Arash Womenchr('39')s Hospital, Tehran, Iran (April 2017-April 2019), and were eligible according to the inclusion criteria. We included patients with an adnexal mass over 3 cm. Our exclusion criteria were as the following: pregnancy, age under 18 and over 90 years, taking hormonal agents, renal failure, suspected ovarian torsion, ovarian cancer and taking antibiotics, nitric oxide compounds, and heavy metals. Based on serum CA125, HE4, and ultrasound findings, ROMA and RMI indexes were determined for each patient, and the sensitivity and specificity of HE4, RMI, ROMA, and CA125 were compared with the result of the operative histopathologic assessment. Results: According to the area under the ROC curve, regardless of the patientschr('39') menopausal status, the highest diagnostic value was dedicated to RMI with 89% under the curve area and 95% confidence interval (81.6-96.4%). Diagnostic values of other markers were as the following: 87.7%(95%CI=80.3-95%) for HE4, 87.3(95%CI=79.1-95.4%) for CA125, and 86.2%(95%CI=78.7-93.6%) for ROMA. In terms of menopausal status, HE4 had the highest diagnostic value in premenopausal patients, while in the menopausal group CA125 had the highest diagnostic value. Conclusion: Measurement of HE4 before menopause and CA125 during menopause seems to be helpful in the early detection of ovarian ...
Keywords	malignancy ; ovarian cancer ; tumor marker ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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