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Article: Toddler Exuberance as an Influence on Positive Social Behavior in a High-Intensity Context in Middle Childhood.

Kravitz, Sarah B R / Walker, Olga L / Degnan, Kathryn A

2021 Volume 31, Issue 1, Page(s) 232–247

Abstract: Exuberance, a profile of temperament characterized in toddlerhood by high approach motivation, positive affect, and sociability, is associated with both adaptive and maladaptive socioemotional outcomes. The aims of the current study were to introduce a ... ...

Abstract	Exuberance, a profile of temperament characterized in toddlerhood by high approach motivation, positive affect, and sociability, is associated with both adaptive and maladaptive socioemotional outcomes. The aims of the current study were to introduce a novel approach/avoidance-eliciting social task, as well as longitudinally extend our understanding of toddlerhood exuberance to outcomes in middle childhood. Specifically, affect and social behavior at age seven during a high-intensity game were compared to that observed during a low-intensity freeplay task. As part of a longitudinal study, 291 infants were selected at 4 months for a wide range of reactivity to novelty. The sample was assessed repeatedly across early childhood (9, 24, and 36 months of age) and at 7 years of age. A high exuberance profile was formed with approach, positive, and sociable behaviors observed in the laboratory from 4 to 36 months. At 7 years of age, affect and social behavior were assessed during high- and low-intensity interactions with an unfamiliar peer in the laboratory. Path Analyses using structural equation models demonstrated that a high exuberance profile was associated with greater positive social behavior at age 7 during a high-intensity game, but not negative social behavior or behavior during a low-intensity freeplay task. These results illuminate the need for targeted methodology, such as high-intensity approach/avoidance-eliciting social tasks, in order to clarify the links between early temperament and adaptive or maladaptive socioemotional outcomes across development.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2001609-8
ISSN	1467-9507 ; 0961-205X
ISSN (online)	1467-9507
ISSN	0961-205X
DOI	10.1111/sode.12532
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Article ; Online: Trajectories of socially anxious behavior from age 5 to 13: Temperamental and sociocognitive pathways.

Poole, Kristie L / Degnan, Kathryn A / Harrewijn, Anita / Almas, Alisa / Fox, Nathan A / Henderson, Heather A

Child development

2022 Volume 93, Issue 5, Page(s) 1334–1346

Abstract: The authors examined temperamental and sociocognitive predictors of socially anxious behavior from preschool to early adolescence. Children (N = 227; 59% male; 69% White) completed a speech task at ages 5, 7, 10, and 13 and socially anxious behaviors ... ...

Abstract	The authors examined temperamental and sociocognitive predictors of socially anxious behavior from preschool to early adolescence. Children (N = 227; 59% male; 69% White) completed a speech task at ages 5, 7, 10, and 13 and socially anxious behaviors were coded. Behavioral inhibition (BI) was assessed at ages 2/3 and Theory of Mind (ToM) was assessed at age 4. Data collection occurred between 2003 and 2016. Three trajectories of socially anxious behavior were identified: high stable, average increasing, and low stable. Higher BI was related to the high stable trajectory, whereas lower ToM was related to the increasing trajectory of socially anxious behavior. There are heterogenous pathways of socially anxious behavior, which may be uniquely influenced by early temperamental and sociocognitive factors.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Anxiety/psychology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibition, Psychological ; Male ; Schools ; Speech ; Theory of Mind/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	215602-7
ISSN	1467-8624 ; 0009-3920
ISSN (online)	1467-8624
ISSN	0009-3920
DOI	10.1111/cdev.13767
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Article ; Online: The Developmental Unfolding of ADHD Symptoms from Early Childhood Through Adolescence: Early Effects of Exuberant Temperament, Parenting and Executive Functioning.

Lorenzo, Nicole E / Bui, Hong N T / Degnan, Kathryn A / McDermott, Jennifer M / Henderson, Heather A / Fox, Nathan A / Chronis-Tuscano, Andrea

Research on child and adolescent psychopathology

2023 Volume 52, Issue 4, Page(s) 621–634

Abstract: Temperament, parenting, and executive functioning (EF) are individual and contextual factors that have been identified to play a role in the development of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Specifically, exuberant temperament in ... ...

Abstract	Temperament, parenting, and executive functioning (EF) are individual and contextual factors that have been identified to play a role in the development of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Specifically, exuberant temperament in toddlerhood has been associated with both adaptive and maladaptive outcomes, including ADHD symptoms. Therefore, it is important to understand factors that predict which exuberant children experience increased ADHD symptoms and the specific mechanisms through which early exuberant temperament impacts later ADHD symptoms. Using a multi-method, prospective longitudinal design, this study examined a moderated mediation model wherein the interactive effects of observed exuberance and parenting at age 3 predicted the development of parent-reported ADHD symptoms from childhood through adolescence (age 5, 7, 9, 12, and 15) via child EF (i.e., inhibitory control) at age 4. Parent-child dyads (n = 291) from a longitudinal study on child temperament were included. A piecewise model of ADHD symptom growth demonstrated stability in ADHD symptoms from age 5-9 and a decrease from age 9-15. Results support a moderated mediation model wherein an increase in ADHD symptoms throughout childhood was predicted from early childhood exuberant temperament by way of EF, but only for children whose parents displayed less directive parenting. Findings suggest identifiable early markers of risk, including temperament, parenting, and EF- pointing to possible targets for early intervention/prevention.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Adolescent ; Child ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Parenting ; Temperament ; Longitudinal Studies ; Prospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3041907-4
ISSN	2730-7174 ; 2730-7166
ISSN (online)	2730-7174
ISSN	2730-7166
DOI	10.1007/s10802-023-01140-2
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Article ; Online: Laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis and anti-Müllerian hormone levels: Findings from the Nurses' Health Study II.

Farland, Leslie V / Valenti, Michelle / Degnan, William J / Bertone-Johnson, Elizabeth R / Harris, Holly R / DiVasta, Amy D / Rexrode, Kathryn M / Eliassen, A Heather / Missmer, Stacey A

Maturitas

2024 Volume 183, Page(s) 107969

Abstract: Objective: Anti-Müllerian hormone is a reliable measure of ovarian reserve associated with menopause timing and fertility. Previous studies have observed that individuals with endometriosis have lower anti-Müllerian hormone levels than those without. ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Anti-Müllerian hormone is a reliable measure of ovarian reserve associated with menopause timing and fertility. Previous studies have observed that individuals with endometriosis have lower anti-Müllerian hormone levels than those without. However, sample sizes have been small and information is limited regarding the long-term influence of endometriosis on anti-Müllerian hormone levels among the general population, which may have important implications for menopause timing and chronic disease risk. Methods: Among 1961 premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II who provided a blood sample and had not been pregnant in the last 6 months, we used generalized linear models to determine the association between laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis and log-transformed plasma anti-Müllerian hormone level, adjusted for age (continuous and squared) and other potential confounding variables. Results: Participants were on average 40 years old (interquartile range 37-42 years) at blood draw. Women with endometriosis diagnosed prior to blood draw (n = 119) had a lower mean anti-Müllerian hormone level (1.6 ng/mL [SD = 2.3]) than women without known endometriosis (n = 1842) (2.8 ng/mL [SD = 3.0]). In multivariable adjusted models, women with endometriosis had 29.6 % lower anti-Müllerian hormone levels (95 % CI: -45.4, -9.2 %) than women without. This association was greater among women with a body mass index of 25 kg/m Conclusions: Lower anti-Müllerian hormone levels in women with endometriosis may be one mechanism through which endometriosis influences risk of infertility, younger age at menopause, and cardiovascular disease.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Endometriosis/surgery ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; Infertility, Female ; Fertility ; Nurses
Chemical Substances	Anti-Mullerian Hormone (80497-65-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80460-5
ISSN	1873-4111 ; 0378-5122
ISSN (online)	1873-4111
ISSN	0378-5122
DOI	10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.107969
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Article: Which Anxious Adolescents Were Most Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Morales, Santiago / Zeytinoglu, Selin / Lorenzo, Nicole E / Chronis-Tuscano, Andrea / Degnan, Kathryn A / Almas, Alisa N / Pine, Daniel S / Fox, Nathan A

Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

2022 Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) 1044–1059

Abstract: Although the COVID-19 pandemic caused significant stress and anxiety among many, individuals' experiences varied. We examined if specific forms of anxiety predicted distinct trajectories of anxiety, perceived stress, and COVID-related worries during ... ...

Abstract	Although the COVID-19 pandemic caused significant stress and anxiety among many, individuals' experiences varied. We examined if specific forms of anxiety predicted distinct trajectories of anxiety, perceived stress, and COVID-related worries during three early months of the pandemic. In a longitudinal study (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2682220-9
ISSN	2167-7034 ; 2167-7026
ISSN (online)	2167-7034
ISSN	2167-7026
DOI	10.1177/21677026211059524
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Article: Encouraging a Peer in Need: The Impacts of Social Anxiety and Peer Familiarity.

Dys, Sebastian P / Burrows, Catherine A / Usher, Lauren V / Almas, Alisa N / Degnan, Kathryn A / Fox, Nathan A / Henderson, Heather A

Social development (Oxford, England)

2022 Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 618–632

Abstract: Extant research has produced conflicting findings regarding the link between social fearfulness and prosocial behavior, with some studies reporting negative relations and others reporting null effects. Furthermore, these studies have focused ... ...

Abstract	Extant research has produced conflicting findings regarding the link between social fearfulness and prosocial behavior, with some studies reporting negative relations and others reporting null effects. Furthermore, these studies have focused predominantly on toddlerhood, and few have examined prosociality between peers. The present study investigated whether the link between social anxiety and a prosocial behavior (i.e., providing encouragement) varied depending on interpersonal and situational factors (i.e., one's familiarity with a peer, the level of support sought by a peer, respectively). We tested this question using a multimethod approach, which included an ecologically valid stress inducing task and dyadic design with a sample of 9- to 10-year-olds (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2001609-8
ISSN	1467-9507 ; 0961-205X
ISSN (online)	1467-9507
ISSN	0961-205X
DOI	10.1111/sode.12648
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Article ; Online: Hysterectomy With and Without Oophorectomy, Tubal Ligation, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the Nurses' Health Study II.

Farland, Leslie V / Rice, Megan S / Degnan, William J / Rexrode, Kathryn M / Manson, JoAnn E / Rimm, Eric B / Rich-Edwards, Janet / Stewart, Elizabeth A / Cohen Rassier, Sarah L / Robinson, Whitney R / Missmer, Stacey A

Journal of women's health (2002)

2023 Volume 32, Issue 7, Page(s) 747–756

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Sterilization, Tubal/adverse effects ; Sterilization, Tubal/methods ; Risk Factors ; Ovariectomy/adverse effects ; Hysterectomy/adverse effects ; Hysterectomy/methods ; Nurses
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1139774-3
ISSN	1931-843X ; 1059-7115 ; 1540-9996
ISSN (online)	1931-843X
ISSN	1059-7115 ; 1540-9996
DOI	10.1089/jwh.2022.0207
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Article ; Online: Laparoscopically Confirmed Endometriosis and Risk of Incident Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Farland, Leslie V / Degnan, William J / Bell, Melanie L / Kasner, Scott E / Liberman, Ava L / Shah, Divya K / Rexrode, Kathryn M / Missmer, Stacey A

Stroke

2022 Volume 53, Issue 10, Page(s) 3116–3122

Abstract: Background: Prior research suggests that women with endometriosis are at greater risk of coronary heart disease. Therefore, our objective was to prospectively investigate the association between laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis and risk of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Prior research suggests that women with endometriosis are at greater risk of coronary heart disease. Therefore, our objective was to prospectively investigate the association between laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis and risk of incident stroke during 28 years of follow-up. Methods: Participants in the NHSII cohort study (Nurses' Health Study II) were followed from 1989 when they were between the ages of 25 to 42 until 2017 for development of incident stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic). Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% CI, with adjustment for potential confounding variables (alcohol intake, body mass index at age 18, current body mass index, age at menarche, menstrual cycle pattern in adolescence, current menstrual cycle pattern, parity, oral contraceptive use history, smoking history, diet quality, physical activity, NSAID use, aspirin use, race/ethnicity, and income). We estimated the proportion of the total association mediated by history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hysterectomy/oophorectomy, and hormone therapy. We also tested for effect modification by age (<50, Results: We documented 893 incident cases of stroke during 2 770 152 person-years of follow-up. Women with laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis had a 34% greater risk of stroke in multivariable-adjusted models (hazard ratio, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.10-1.62]), compared to those without a history of endometriosis. Of the total association of endometriosis with risk of stroke, the largest proportion was attributed to hysterectomy/oophorectomy (39% mediated [95% CI, 14%-71%]) and hormone therapy (16% mediated [95% CI, 5%-40%]). We observed no differences in the relationship between endometriosis and stroke by age, infertility history, body mass index, or menopausal status. Conclusions: We observed that women with endometriosis were at elevated risk of stroke. Women and their health care providers should be aware of endometriosis history, maximize primary cardiovascular prevention, and discuss signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Aspirin ; Cohort Studies ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Endometriosis/complications ; Endometriosis/diagnosis ; Endometriosis/epidemiology ; Female ; Hormones ; Humans ; Infertility ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stroke/complications ; Stroke/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Hormones ; Aspirin (R16CO5Y76E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80381-9
ISSN	1524-4628 ; 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
ISSN (online)	1524-4628
ISSN	0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
DOI	10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.039250
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Article ; Online: Infant behavioral inhibition predicts personality and social outcomes three decades later.

Tang, Alva / Crawford, Haley / Morales, Santiago / Degnan, Kathryn A / Pine, Daniel S / Fox, Nathan A

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2020 Volume 117, Issue 18, Page(s) 9800–9807

Abstract: Does infant temperament predict adult personality and life-course patterns? To date, there is scant evidence examining relations between child temperament and adult outcomes, and extant research has relied on limited methods for measuring temperament ... ...

Abstract	Does infant temperament predict adult personality and life-course patterns? To date, there is scant evidence examining relations between child temperament and adult outcomes, and extant research has relied on limited methods for measuring temperament such as maternal report. This prospective longitudinal study followed a cohort of infants (
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Anxiety/physiopathology ; Anxiety/psychology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Evoked Potentials/physiology ; Fear/physiology ; Fear/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Individuality ; Infant ; Inhibition, Psychological ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Personality/physiology ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Temperament/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.1917376117
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Article: Longitudinal patterns of anger reactivity and risk-taking: The role of peer-context.

Nozadi, Sara S / Henderson, Heather A / Degnan, Kathryn A / Fox, Nathan A

Social development (Oxford, England)

2019 Volume 29, Issue 2, Page(s) 600–614

Abstract: The current study examined the interplay between children's dispositional anger and susceptibility to peers' influence in increasing children's risk-taking behaviors. Participants in the current study were children from a larger study of temperament and ... ...

Abstract	The current study examined the interplay between children's dispositional anger and susceptibility to peers' influence in increasing children's risk-taking behaviors. Participants in the current study were children from a larger study of temperament and social-emotional development who were followed across 9, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. Dispositional anger was measured using mothers' reports across 9 and 48 months. At 60 months, children played a risk-taking computer game in presence of an unfamiliar peer who watched the child play. The child's risk-taking was assessed during the game as the unfamiliar peers' reactions were coded based on comments that were peer directed, reflective of praising the target child's performance, or object directed, indicative of excitement toward the game. A latent profile analysis revealed three longitudinal anger profiles across infancy to early childhood: high stable, average stable, and low stable anger. Results suggested that as peers' object-directed comments predicted risk-taking independent of children's anger, the association between peer-directed comments and risk-taking was dependent on children's dispositional anger. Specifically, when peers praised the target child's performance, children in the high stable anger profile showed increased risk-taking propensity. Findings are discussed based on the importance of considering both temperamental characteristics and aspects of the peer context in relation to children's risk-taking.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2001609-8
ISSN	1467-9507 ; 0961-205X
ISSN (online)	1467-9507
ISSN	0961-205X
DOI	10.1111/sode.12412
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