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Article ; Online: RTN3 and RTN4: Architects of SARS-CoV-2 replication organelles.

Kratzel, Annika / Thiel, Volker

2023 Volume 222, Issue 7

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 depends on host proteins for successful replication. In this issue, Williams et al. (2023. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202203060) report that the ER membrane-modulating proteins RTN3 and RTN4 are required for the formation of SARS- ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 depends on host proteins for successful replication. In this issue, Williams et al. (2023. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202203060) report that the ER membrane-modulating proteins RTN3 and RTN4 are required for the formation of SARS-CoV-2 replication organelles via direct interaction with viral proteins NSP3 and NSP4.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; COVID-19 ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics ; Nogo Proteins/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Virus Replication ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases
Chemical Substances	Carrier Proteins ; Membrane Proteins ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Nogo Proteins ; RTN3 protein, human ; RTN4 protein, human ; papain-like protease, SARS-CoV-2 (EC 3.4.22.2) ; NSP4 protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases (EC 3.4.22.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	218154-x
ISSN	1540-8140 ; 0021-9525
ISSN (online)	1540-8140
ISSN	0021-9525
DOI	10.1083/jcb.202306020
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 biology and host interactions.

Steiner, Silvio / Kratzel, Annika / Barut, G Tuba / Lang, Reto M / Aguiar Moreira, Etori / Thomann, Lisa / Kelly, Jenna N / Thiel, Volker

Nature reviews. Microbiology

2024 Volume 22, Issue 4, Page(s) 206–225

Abstract: The zoonotic emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the ensuing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have profoundly affected our society. The rapid spread and continuous evolution of new SARS-CoV-2 variants ...

Abstract	The zoonotic emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the ensuing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have profoundly affected our society. The rapid spread and continuous evolution of new SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to threaten global public health. Recent scientific advances have dissected many of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in coronavirus infections, and large-scale screens have uncovered novel host-cell factors that are vitally important for the virus life cycle. In this Review, we provide an updated summary of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle, gene function and virus-host interactions, including recent landmark findings on general aspects of coronavirus biology and newly discovered host factors necessary for virus replication.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; COVID-19 ; Virus Replication ; Biology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2139054-X
ISSN	1740-1534 ; 1740-1526
ISSN (online)	1740-1534
ISSN	1740-1526
DOI	10.1038/s41579-023-01003-z
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Article ; Online: Conserved requirement of autophagy-related effectors during coronavirus replication.

Brüggemann, Yannick / Kratzel, Annika / Almeida, Lea / Kelly, Jenna N / Thiel, Volker / Pfaender, Stephanie

Autophagy

2022 Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 731–733

Abstract: The recurrence of zoonotic transmission events highlights the need for novel treatment strategies against emerging coronaviruses (CoVs), namely SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and most notably SARS-CoV-2. Our recently performed genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen ... ...

Abstract	The recurrence of zoonotic transmission events highlights the need for novel treatment strategies against emerging coronaviruses (CoVs), namely SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and most notably SARS-CoV-2. Our recently performed genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen revealed a list of conserved pan-coronavirus as well as MERS-CoV or HCoV-229E-specific host dependency factors (HDF) essential during the viral life cycle. Intriguingly, we identified the macroautophagy/autophagy pathway-regulating immunophilins FKBP8, TMEM41B, and MINAR1 as conserved MERS-CoV, HCoV-229E, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 host factors, which further constitute potential targets for therapeutic intervention by clinically approved drugs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Autophagy ; COVID-19 ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus ; Coronavirus 229E, Human ; Virus Replication ; Immunophilins ; Host-Derived Cellular Factors
Chemical Substances	Immunophilins (EC 5.2.1.8) ; Host-Derived Cellular Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2454135-7
ISSN	1554-8635 ; 1554-8627
ISSN (online)	1554-8635
ISSN	1554-8627
DOI	10.1080/15548627.2022.2100617
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Article ; Online: One for all-human kidney Caki-1 cells are highly susceptible to infection with corona- and other respiratory viruses.

Daniels, Alison / Fletcher, Sarah / Kerr, Holly E M / Kratzel, Annika / Pinto, Rute Maria / Kriplani, Nisha / Craig, Nicky / Hastie, C James / Davies, Paul / Digard, Paul / Thiel, Volker / Tait-Burkard, Christine

Journal of virology

2023 Volume 97, Issue 9, Page(s) e0055523

Abstract: ... In ... ...

Abstract	In vitro
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cell Line ; Coronaviridae/physiology ; Kidney/cytology ; Pandemics ; Coronaviridae Infections/pathology ; Coronaviridae Infections/virology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80174-4
ISSN	1098-5514 ; 0022-538X
ISSN (online)	1098-5514
ISSN	0022-538X
DOI	10.1128/jvi.00555-23
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Article ; Online: Coronavirus biology and replication: implications for SARS-CoV-2.

V'kovski, Philip / Kratzel, Annika / Steiner, Silvio / Stalder, Hanspeter / Thiel, Volker

Nature reviews. Microbiology

2020 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) 155–170

Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its unprecedented global societal and economic disruptive impact has marked the third zoonotic introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population. Although the previous coronavirus SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV ... ...

Abstract	The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its unprecedented global societal and economic disruptive impact has marked the third zoonotic introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population. Although the previous coronavirus SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV epidemics raised awareness of the need for clinically available therapeutic or preventive interventions, to date, no treatments with proven efficacy are available. The development of effective intervention strategies relies on the knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms of coronavirus infections, which highlights the significance of studying virus-host interactions at the molecular level to identify targets for antiviral intervention and to elucidate critical viral and host determinants that are decisive for the development of severe disease. In this Review, we summarize the first discoveries that shape our current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the intracellular viral life cycle and relate that to our knowledge of coronavirus biology. The elucidation of similarities and differences between SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses will support future preparedness and strategies to combat coronavirus infections.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; COVID-19/virology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Viral Proteins/genetics ; Viral Proteins/metabolism ; Virus Internalization ; Virus Replication ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Chemical Substances	Viral Proteins
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2139054-X
ISSN	1740-1534 ; 1740-1526
ISSN (online)	1740-1534
ISSN	1740-1526
DOI	10.1038/s41579-020-00468-6
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Article ; Online: Temperature-dependent surface stability of SARS-CoV-2.

Kratzel, Annika / Steiner, Silvio / Todt, Daniel / V'kovski, Philip / Brueggemann, Yannick / Steinmann, Joerg / Steinmann, Eike / Thiel, Volker / Pfaender, Stephanie

The Journal of infection

2020 Volume 81, Issue 3, Page(s) 452–482

MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Temperature
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	424417-5
ISSN	1532-2742 ; 0163-4453
ISSN (online)	1532-2742
ISSN	0163-4453
DOI	10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.074
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Article ; Online: Non-covalent SARS-CoV-2 M

Rossetti, Giacomo G / Ossorio, Marianna A / Rempel, Stephan / Kratzel, Annika / Dionellis, Vasilis S / Barriot, Samia / Tropia, Laurence / Gorgulla, Christoph / Arthanari, Haribabu / Thiel, Volker / Mohr, Peter / Gamboni, Remo / Halazonetis, Thanos D

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 2505

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	M
MeSH term(s)	Binding Sites ; COVID-19/pathology ; COVID-19/virology ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/genetics ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Nitriles/chemistry ; Nitriles/metabolism ; Nitriles/pharmacology ; Protease Inhibitors/chemistry ; Protease Inhibitors/metabolism ; Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Quinazolines/chemistry ; Quinazolines/metabolism ; Quinazolines/pharmacology ; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry ; Recombinant Proteins/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/enzymology ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Virus Replication/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Nitriles ; Protease Inhibitors ; Quinazolines ; Recombinant Proteins ; 3C-like proteinase, SARS-CoV-2 (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases (EC 3.4.22.28)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-06306-4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Establishment of well-differentiated camelid airway cultures to study Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus.

Gultom, Mitra / Kratzel, Annika / Portmann, Jasmine / Stalder, Hanspeter / Chanfon Bätzner, Astrid / Gantenbein, Hans / Gurtner, Corinne / Ebert, Nadine / Gad, Hans Henrik / Hartmann, Rune / Posthaus, Horst / Zanolari, Patrik / Pfaender, Stephanie / Thiel, Volker / Dijkman, Ronald

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 10340

Abstract: In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in Saudi Arabia and was mostly associated with severe respiratory illness in humans. Dromedary camels are the zoonotic reservoir for MERS-CoV. To investigate the biology of MERS-CoV ...

Abstract	In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in Saudi Arabia and was mostly associated with severe respiratory illness in humans. Dromedary camels are the zoonotic reservoir for MERS-CoV. To investigate the biology of MERS-CoV in camelids, we developed a well-differentiated airway epithelial cell (AEC) culture model for Llama glama and Camelus bactrianus. Histological characterization revealed progressive epithelial cellular differentiation with well-resemblance to autologous ex vivo tissues. We demonstrate that MERS-CoV displays a divergent cell tropism and replication kinetics profile in both AEC models. Furthermore, we observed that in the camelid AEC models MERS-CoV replication can be inhibited by both type I and III interferons (IFNs). In conclusion, we successfully established camelid AEC cultures that recapitulate the in vivo airway epithelium and reflect MERS-CoV infection in vivo. In combination with human AEC cultures, this system allows detailed characterization of the molecular basis of MERS-CoV cross-species transmission in respiratory epithelium.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Camelids, New World ; Camelus ; Coronavirus Infections ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ; Respiratory System
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-13777-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Coronavirus biology and replication: implications for SARS-CoV-2

V039, / kovski, Philip / Kratzel, Annika / Steiner, Silvio / Stalder, Hanspeter / Thiel, Volker

Nat. rev. microbiol

Abstract	The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its unprecedented global societal and economic disruptive impact has marked the third zoonotic introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population. Although the previous coronavirus SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV epidemics raised awareness of the need for clinically available therapeutic or preventive interventions, to date, no treatments with proven efficacy are available. The development of effective intervention strategies relies on the knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms of coronavirus infections, which highlights the significance of studying virus-host interactions at the molecular level to identify targets for antiviral intervention and to elucidate critical viral and host determinants that are decisive for the development of severe disease. In this Review, we summarize the first discoveries that shape our current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the intracellular viral life cycle and relate that to our knowledge of coronavirus biology. The elucidation of similarities and differences between SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses will support future preparedness and strategies to combat coronavirus infections.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #894400
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Non-covalent SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors developed from in silico screen hits

Giacomo G. Rossetti / Marianna A. Ossorio / Stephan Rempel / Annika Kratzel / Vasilis S. Dionellis / Samia Barriot / Laurence Tropia / Christoph Gorgulla / Haribabu Arthanari / Volker Thiel / Peter Mohr / Remo Gamboni / Thanos D. Halazonetis

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Mpro, the main protease of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is essential for the viral life cycle. Accordingly, several groups have performed in silico screens to identify Mpro inhibitors that might be used to ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Mpro, the main protease of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is essential for the viral life cycle. Accordingly, several groups have performed in silico screens to identify Mpro inhibitors that might be used to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections. We selected more than five hundred compounds from the top-ranking hits of two very large in silico screens for on-demand synthesis. We then examined whether these compounds could bind to Mpro and inhibit its protease activity. Two interesting chemotypes were identified, which were further evaluated by characterizing an additional five hundred synthesis on-demand analogues. The compounds of the first chemotype denatured Mpro and were considered not useful for further development. The compounds of the second chemotype bound to and enhanced the melting temperature of Mpro. The most active compound from this chemotype inhibited Mpro in vitro with an IC50 value of 1 μM and suppressed replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in tissue culture cells. Its mode of binding to Mpro was determined by X-ray crystallography, revealing that it is a non-covalent inhibitor. We propose that the inhibitors described here could form the basis for medicinal chemistry efforts that could lead to the development of clinically relevant inhibitors.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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