Article ; Online: Primary Human M2 Macrophage Subtypes Are Distinguishable by Aqueous Metabolite Profiles.
International journal of molecular sciences
2024 Volume 25, Issue 4
Abstract: The complexity of macrophage (MΦ) plasticity and polarization states, which include classically activated pro-inflammatory (M1) and alternatively activated anti-inflammatory (M2) MΦ phenotypes, is becoming increasingly appreciated. Within the M2 MΦ ... ...
Abstract | The complexity of macrophage (MΦ) plasticity and polarization states, which include classically activated pro-inflammatory (M1) and alternatively activated anti-inflammatory (M2) MΦ phenotypes, is becoming increasingly appreciated. Within the M2 MΦ polarization state, M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d MΦ subcategories have been defined based on their expression of specific cell surface receptors, secreted cytokines, and specialized immune effector functions. The importance of immunometabolic networks in mediating the function and regulation of MΦ immune responses is also being increasingly recognized, although the exact mechanisms and extent of metabolic modulation of MΦ subtype phenotypes and functions remain incompletely understood. In this study, proton ( |
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MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Macrophage Activation ; Cell Differentiation |
Chemical Substances | Cytokines ; Receptors, Cell Surface |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2024-02-18 |
Publishing country | Switzerland |
Document type | Journal Article |
ZDB-ID | 2019364-6 |
ISSN | 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596 |
ISSN (online) | 1422-0067 |
ISSN | 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596 |
DOI | 10.3390/ijms25042407 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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