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  1. Article ; Online: Artificial Intelligence, Digital Imaging, and Robotics Technologies for Surgical Vitreoretinal Diseases.

    Poh, Stanley S J / Sia, Josh T / Yip, Michelle Y T / Tsai, Andrew S H / Lee, Shu Yen / Tan, Gavin S W / Weng, Christina Y / Kadonosono, Kazuaki / Kim, Min / Yonekawa, Yoshihiro / Ho, Allen C / Toth, Cynthia A / Ting, Daniel S W

    Ophthalmology. Retina

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: To review recent technological advancement in imaging, surgical visualization, robotics technology, and the use of artificial intelligence in surgical vitreoretinal (VR) diseases.: Background: Technological advancements in imaging enhance ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To review recent technological advancement in imaging, surgical visualization, robotics technology, and the use of artificial intelligence in surgical vitreoretinal (VR) diseases.
    Background: Technological advancements in imaging enhance both preoperative and intraoperative management of surgical VR diseases. Widefield imaging in fundal photography and OCT can improve assessment of peripheral retinal disorders such as retinal detachments, degeneration, and tumors. OCT angiography provides a rapid and noninvasive imaging of the retinal and choroidal vasculature. Surgical visualization has also improved with intraoperative OCT providing a detailed real-time assessment of retinal layers to guide surgical decisions. Heads-up display and head-mounted display utilize 3-dimensional technology to provide surgeons with enhanced visual guidance and improved ergonomics during surgery. Intraocular robotics technology allows for greater surgical precision and is shown to be useful in retinal vein cannulation and subretinal drug delivery. In addition, deep learning techniques leverage on diverse data including widefield retinal photography and OCT for better predictive accuracy in classification, segmentation, and prognostication of many surgical VR diseases.
    Conclusion: This review article summarized the latest updates in these areas and highlights the importance of continuous innovation and improvement in technology within the field. These advancements have the potential to reshape management of surgical VR diseases in the very near future and to ultimately improve patient care.
    Financial disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-6530
    ISSN (online) 2468-6530
    DOI 10.1016/j.oret.2024.01.018
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  2. Article ; Online: Temporal changes in immune blood cell parameters in COVID-19 infection and recovery from severe infection.

    Yip, Christina Y C / Yap, Eng Soo / De Mel, Sanjay / Teo, Winnie Z Y / Lee, Chun-Tsu / Kan, Sheryl / Lee, Melvin C C / Loh, Will N H / Lim, Er Luen / Lee, Shir Ying

    British journal of haematology

    2020  Volume 190, Issue 1, Page(s) 33–36

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Betacoronavirus/immunology ; Betacoronavirus/metabolism ; Blood Cell Count ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/blood ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/blood ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; Pneumonia, Viral/therapy ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severity of Illness Index
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Letter ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 80077-6
    ISSN 1365-2141 ; 0007-1048
    ISSN (online) 1365-2141
    ISSN 0007-1048
    DOI 10.1111/bjh.16847
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  3. Article: Image Analysis Using Machine Learning for Automated Detection of Hemoglobin H Inclusions in Blood Smears - A Method for Morphologic Detection of Rare Cells.

    Lee, Shir Ying / Chen, Crystal M E / Lim, Elaine Y P / Shen, Liang / Sathe, Aneesh / Singh, Aahan / Sauer, Jan / Taghipour, Kaveh / Yip, Christina Y C

    Journal of pathology informatics

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 18

    Abstract: Background: Morphologic rare cell detection is a laborious, operator-dependent process which has the potential to be improved by the use of image analysis using artificial intelligence. Detection of rare hemoglobin H (HbH) inclusions in red cells in the ...

    Abstract Background: Morphologic rare cell detection is a laborious, operator-dependent process which has the potential to be improved by the use of image analysis using artificial intelligence. Detection of rare hemoglobin H (HbH) inclusions in red cells in the peripheral blood is a common screening method for alpha-thalassemia. This study aims to develop a convolutional neural network-based algorithm for the detection of HbH inclusions.
    Methods: Digital images of HbH-positive and HbH-negative blood smears were used to train and test the software. The software performance was tested on images obtained at various magnifications and on different scanning platforms. Another model was developed for total red cell counting and was used to confirm HbH cell frequency in alpha-thalassemia trait. The threshold minimum red cells to image for analysis was determined by Poisson modeling and validated on image sets.
    Results: The sensitivity and specificity of the software for HbH+ cells on images obtained at ×100, ×60, and ×40 objectives were close to 91% and 99%, respectively. When an AI-aided diagnostic model was tested on a pilot of 40 whole slide images (WSIs), good inter-rater reliability and high sensitivity and specificity of slide-level classification were obtained. Using the lowest frequency of HbH+ cells (1 in 100,000) observed in our study, we estimated that a minimum of 2.4 × 10
    Conclusions: WSI image analysis can be utilized effectively for morphologic rare cell detection. The software can be further developed on WISs and evaluated in future clinical validation studies comparing AI-aided diagnosis with the routine diagnostic method.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2579241-6
    ISSN 2153-3539 ; 2229-5089
    ISSN (online) 2153-3539
    ISSN 2229-5089
    DOI 10.4103/jpi.jpi_110_20
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  4. Article ; Online: Image Analysis Using Machine Learning for Automated Detection of Hemoglobin H Inclusions in Blood Smears - A Method for Morphologic Detection of Rare Cells

    Shir Ying Lee / Crystal M E Chen / Elaine Y P Lim / Liang Shen / Aneesh Sathe / Aahan Singh / Jan Sauer / Kaveh Taghipour / Christina Y C Yip

    Journal of Pathology Informatics, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 18-

    2021  Volume 18

    Abstract: Background: Morphologic rare cell detection is a laborious, operator-dependent process which has the potential to be improved by the use of image analysis using artificial intelligence. Detection of rare hemoglobin H (HbH) inclusions in red cells in the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Morphologic rare cell detection is a laborious, operator-dependent process which has the potential to be improved by the use of image analysis using artificial intelligence. Detection of rare hemoglobin H (HbH) inclusions in red cells in the peripheral blood is a common screening method for alpha-thalassemia. This study aims to develop a convolutional neural network-based algorithm for the detection of HbH inclusions. Methods: Digital images of HbH-positive and HbH-negative blood smears were used to train and test the software. The software performance was tested on images obtained at various magnifications and on different scanning platforms. Another model was developed for total red cell counting and was used to confirm HbH cell frequency in alpha-thalassemia trait. The threshold minimum red cells to image for analysis was determined by Poisson modeling and validated on image sets. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of the software for HbH+ cells on images obtained at ×100, ×60, and ×40 objectives were close to 91% and 99%, respectively. When an AI-aided diagnostic model was tested on a pilot of 40 whole slide images (WSIs), good inter-rater reliability and high sensitivity and specificity of slide-level classification were obtained. Using the lowest frequency of HbH+ cells (1 in 100,000) observed in our study, we estimated that a minimum of 2.4 × 106 red cells would need to be analyzed to reduce misclassification at the slide level. The minimum required smear size was validated on 78 image sets which confirmed its validity. Conclusions: WSI image analysis can be utilized effectively for morphologic rare cell detection. The software can be further developed on WISs and evaluated in future clinical validation studies comparing AI-aided diagnosis with the routine diagnostic method.
    Keywords blood smear ; convolutional neural network ; hemoglobin h ; machine learning ; rare event detection ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Pathology ; RB1-214
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
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  5. Article: Temporal changes in immune blood cell parameters in COVID-19 infection and recovery from severe infection

    Yip, Christina Y C / Yap, Eng Soo / De Mel, Sanjay / Teo, Winnie Z Y / Lee, Chun-Tsu / Kan, Sheryl / Lee, Melvin C C / Loh, Will N H / Lim, Er Luen / Lee, Shir Ying

    Br J Haematol

    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #291279
    Database COVID19

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  6. Article ; Online: Temporal changes in immune blood cell parameters in COVID‐19 infection and recovery from severe infection

    Yip, Christina Y. C. / Yap, Eng Soo / De Mel, Sanjay / Teo, Winnie Z. Y. / Lee, Chun‐Tsu / Kan, Sheryl / Lee, Melvin C. C. / Loh, Will N. H. / Lim, Er Luen / Lee, Shir Ying

    British Journal of Haematology

    2020  Volume 190, Issue 1, Page(s) 33–36

    Keywords Hematology ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Wiley
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 80077-6
    ISSN 1365-2141 ; 0007-1048
    ISSN (online) 1365-2141
    ISSN 0007-1048
    DOI 10.1111/bjh.16847
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  7. Article ; Online: Efficacy and safety of next-generation tick transcriptome-derived direct thrombin inhibitors.

    Koh, Cho Yeow / Shih, Norrapat / Yip, Christina Y C / Li, Aaron Wei Liang / Chen, Weiming / Amran, Fathiah S / Leong, Esther Jia En / Iyer, Janaki Krishnamoorthy / Croft, Grace / Mazlan, Muhammad Ibrahim Bin / Chee, Yen-Lin / Yap, Eng-Soo / Monroe, Dougald M / Hoffman, Maureane / Becker, Richard C / de Kleijn, Dominique P V / Verma, Vaishali / Gupta, Amita / Chaudhary, Vijay K /
    Richards, A Mark / Kini, R Manjunatha / Chan, Mark Y

    Nature communications

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 6912

    Abstract: Despite their limitations, unfractionated heparin (UFH) and bivalirudin remain standard-of-care parenteral anticoagulants for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We discovered novel direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) from tick salivary ... ...

    Abstract Despite their limitations, unfractionated heparin (UFH) and bivalirudin remain standard-of-care parenteral anticoagulants for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We discovered novel direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) from tick salivary transcriptomes and optimised their pharmacologic activity. The most potent, ultravariegin, inhibits thrombin with a K
    MeSH term(s) Amblyomma ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Anticoagulants ; Antidotes ; Antithrombins/pharmacology ; Aspirin ; Drug Development ; Drug Discovery ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents/pharmacology ; Gene Library ; Heparin ; Hirudins ; Humans ; Male ; Peptide Fragments ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods ; Proteomics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recombinant Proteins ; Swine ; Thrombin ; Thrombosis/drug therapy ; Ticks/genetics ; Ticks/metabolism ; Transcriptome
    Chemical Substances Antibodies ; Anticoagulants ; Antidotes ; Antithrombins ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Hirudins ; Peptide Fragments ; Recombinant Proteins ; Heparin (9005-49-6) ; Thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5) ; Aspirin (R16CO5Y76E) ; bivalirudin (TN9BEX005G)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-021-27275-8
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  8. Article ; Online: Patients with acute and chronic coronary syndromes have elevated long-term thrombin generation.

    Yip, Christina / Seneviratna, Aruni / Tan, Sock-Hwee / Khaing, Thet / Chan, Siew-Pang / Loh, Joshua / Lee, Chi-Hang / Low, Adrian F / Drum, Chester L / Poh, Sock-Cheng / Gibson, C Michael / Ohman, E Magnus / Richards, A Mark / Chan, Mark Y

    Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis

    2020  Volume 50, Issue 2, Page(s) 421–429

    Abstract: Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite significant advances in revascularization strategies and antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and/or ... ...

    Abstract Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite significant advances in revascularization strategies and antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and/or P2Y
    MeSH term(s) Acute Coronary Syndrome/blood ; Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnostic imaging ; Acute Coronary Syndrome/drug therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers ; Blood Coagulation/drug effects ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Disease ; Coronary Artery Disease/blood ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Thrombin/metabolism ; Time Factors ; Up-Regulation
    Chemical Substances Anticoagulants ; Biomarkers ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-16
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1230645-9
    ISSN 1573-742X ; 0929-5305
    ISSN (online) 1573-742X
    ISSN 0929-5305
    DOI 10.1007/s11239-020-02066-y
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    Zs.A 4352: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: The psychological impact of COVID-19 on 'hidden' frontline healthcare workers.

    Teo, Winnie Z Y / Yap, Eng Soo / Yip, Christina / Ong, Lizhen / Lee, Chun-Tsu

    The International journal of social psychiatry

    2020  Volume 67, Issue 3, Page(s) 284–289

    Abstract: Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to rising death tolls and stressed healthcare systems, resulting in an unprecedented psychological stress on healthcare workers worldwide. However, the majority of studies only ... ...

    Abstract Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to rising death tolls and stressed healthcare systems, resulting in an unprecedented psychological stress on healthcare workers worldwide. However, the majority of studies only accounted for frontline healthcare workers with direct patient exposure.
    Aim: This study aims to look at the psychological impact of COVID-19 in a specific, vulnerable and yet hidden group of healthcare workers, namely laboratory healthcare workers who are at high risk exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus from handling infected patients' blood samples, in addition to a marked increase in workload.
    Method: A multicentre study was conducted in Singapore via online questionnaire looking at psychological and physical impact of COVID-19 on laboratory healthcare workers. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Numeric rating scale on fear (NRS) were validated scores used in this study. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software version 23 (IBM Corp).
    Results: A total of 122 staffs participated and more than half of the cohort experienced mild to severe fear, anxiety and depression. Increase in depression score was also found to be associated with increased physical exhaustion (OR = 6.1, 95% CI 1.4-29.1,
    Conclusions: Hence, it is imperative that prompt action needs to be taken to address the psychological needs of this vulnerable group of healthcare workers as the pandemic continues.
    MeSH term(s) Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis ; Anxiety Disorders/etiology ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/psychology ; COVID-19/transmission ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression/diagnosis ; Depression/etiology ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Fear ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Laboratory Personnel/psychology ; Medical Laboratory Personnel/statistics & numerical data ; Mental Health ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure/prevention & control ; Occupational Health ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Singapore/epidemiology ; Specimen Handling/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Workload
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3062-4
    ISSN 1741-2854 ; 0020-7640
    ISSN (online) 1741-2854
    ISSN 0020-7640
    DOI 10.1177/0020764020950772
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  10. Article: Enhanced Thrombin Generation Is Associated with Worse Left Ventricular Scarring after ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Cohort Study.

    Sia, Ching-Hui / Tan, Sock-Hwee / Chan, Siew-Pang / Marchesseau, Stephanie / Sim, Hui-Wen / Carvalho, Leonardo / Chen, Ruth / Amin, Nor Hanim Mohd / Fong, Alan Yean-Yip / Richards, Arthur Mark / Yip, Christina / Chan, Mark Y

    Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 6

    Abstract: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with heightened thrombin generation. There are limited data relating to thrombin generation and left ventricular (LV) scarring and LV dilatation in post-MI LV remodeling. We studied 113 patients with ST- ... ...

    Abstract Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with heightened thrombin generation. There are limited data relating to thrombin generation and left ventricular (LV) scarring and LV dilatation in post-MI LV remodeling. We studied 113 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who had undergone primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2193542-7
    ISSN 1424-8247
    ISSN 1424-8247
    DOI 10.3390/ph15060718
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