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Article ; Online: Time to FOCUS on oral corticosteroid stewardship in asthma management.

McBrien, Claire N / Menzies-Gow, Andrew

2019 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 304–305

Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-13
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1435849-9
ISSN	1440-1843 ; 1323-7799
ISSN (online)	1440-1843
ISSN	1323-7799
DOI	10.1111/resp.13494
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Zs.A 4957: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Less is more: the impact of maintenance treatment adherence in severe asthma clinical trials.

McBrien, Claire N / Menzies-Gow, Andrew

The European respiratory journal

2019 Volume 53, Issue 5

MeSH term(s)	Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; Asthma ; Bronchodilator Agents ; Humans ; Treatment Adherence and Compliance
Chemical Substances	Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; Bronchodilator Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	639359-7
ISSN	1399-3003 ; 0903-1936
ISSN (online)	1399-3003
ISSN	0903-1936
DOI	10.1183/13993003.00599-2019
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Zs.A 2322: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Models of care for severe asthma.

McBrien, Claire N / Menzies-Gow, Andrew

Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)

2018 Volume 23, Issue 7, Page(s) 652–653

Language	English
Publishing date	2018
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1435849-9
ISSN	1440-1843 ; 1323-7799
ISSN (online)	1440-1843
ISSN	1323-7799
DOI	10.1111/resp.13286
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Article: The Biology of Eosinophils and Their Role in Asthma.

McBrien, Claire N / Menzies-Gow, Andrew

Frontiers in medicine

2017 Volume 4, Page(s) 93

Abstract: This review will describe the structure and function of the eosinophil. The roles of several relevant cell surface molecules and receptors will be discussed. We will also explore the systemic and local processes triggering eosinophil differentiation, ... ...

Abstract	This review will describe the structure and function of the eosinophil. The roles of several relevant cell surface molecules and receptors will be discussed. We will also explore the systemic and local processes triggering eosinophil differentiation, maturation, and migration to the lungs in asthma, as well as the cytokine-mediated pathways that result in eosinophil activation and degranulation, i.e., the release of multiple pro-inflammatory substances from eosinophil-specific granules, including cationic proteins, cytokines, chemokines growth factors, and enzymes. We will discuss the current understanding of the roles that eosinophils play in key asthma processes such as airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus hypersecretion, and airway remodeling, in addition to the evidence relating to eosinophil-pathogen interactions within the lungs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2017.00093
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Article ; Online: The Biology of Eosinophils and Their Role in Asthma

Claire N. McBrien / Andrew Menzies-Gow

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

2017 Volume 4

Abstract	This review will describe the structure and function of the eosinophil. The roles of several relevant cell surface molecules and receptors will be discussed. We will also explore the systemic and local processes triggering eosinophil differentiation, maturation, and migration to the lungs in asthma, as well as the cytokine-mediated pathways that result in eosinophil activation and degranulation, i.e., the release of multiple pro-inflammatory substances from eosinophil-specific granules, including cationic proteins, cytokines, chemokines growth factors, and enzymes. We will discuss the current understanding of the roles that eosinophils play in key asthma processes such as airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus hypersecretion, and airway remodeling, in addition to the evidence relating to eosinophil–pathogen interactions within the lungs.
Keywords	eosinophils ; asthma ; IL-5 ; eosinophil receptors ; respiratory tract infections ; asthma exacerbation ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Genomic attributes of airway commensal bacteria and mucosa.

Cuthbertson, Leah / Löber, Ulrike / Ish-Horowicz, Jonathan S / McBrien, Claire N / Churchward, Colin / Parker, Jeremy C / Olanipekun, Michael T / Burke, Conor / McGowan, Aisling / Davies, Gwyneth A / Lewis, Keir E / Hopkin, Julian M / Chung, Kian Fan / O'Carroll, Orla / Faul, John / Creaser-Thomas, Joy / Andrews, Mark / Ghosal, Robin / Piatek, Stefan /

Willis-Owen, Saffron A G / Bartolomaeus, Theda U P / Birkner, Till / Dwyer, Sarah / Kumar, Nitin / Turek, Elena M / William Musk, A / Hui, Jennie / Hunter, Michael / James, Alan / Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel / Filippi, Sarah / Cox, Michael J / Lawley, Trevor D / Forslund, Sofia K / Moffatt, Miriam F / Cookson, William O C

Communications biology

2024 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 171

Abstract: Microbial communities at the airway mucosal barrier are conserved and highly ordered, in likelihood reflecting co-evolution with human host factors. Freed of selection to digest nutrients, the airway microbiome underpins cognate management of mucosal ... ...

Abstract	Microbial communities at the airway mucosal barrier are conserved and highly ordered, in likelihood reflecting co-evolution with human host factors. Freed of selection to digest nutrients, the airway microbiome underpins cognate management of mucosal immunity and pathogen resistance. We show here the initial results of systematic culture and whole-genome sequencing of the thoracic airway bacteria, identifying 52 novel species amongst 126 organisms that constitute 75% of commensals typically present in heathy individuals. Clinically relevant genes encode antimicrobial synthesis, adhesion and biofilm formation, immune modulation, iron utilisation, nitrous oxide (NO) metabolism and sphingolipid signalling. Using whole-genome content we identify dysbiotic features that may influence asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We match isolate gene content to transcripts and metabolites expressed late in airway epithelial differentiation, identifying pathways to sustain host interactions with microbiota. Our results provide a systematic basis for decrypting interactions between commensals, pathogens, and mucosa in lung diseases of global significance.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mucous Membrane/microbiology ; Bacteria/genetics ; Symbiosis ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Genomics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2399-3642
ISSN (online)	2399-3642
DOI	10.1038/s42003-024-05840-3
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Article: Real World Biologic Use and Switch Patterns in Severe Asthma: Data from the International Severe Asthma Registry and the US CHRONICLE Study.

Menzies-Gow, Andrew N / McBrien, Claire / Unni, Bindhu / Porsbjerg, Celeste M / Al-Ahmad, Mona / Ambrose, Christopher S / Dahl Assing, Karin / von Bülow, Anna / Busby, John / Cosio, Borja G / FitzGerald, J Mark / Garcia Gil, Esther / Hansen, Susanne / aHeaney, Liam G / Hew, Mark / Jackson, David J / Kallieri, Maria / Loukides, Stelios / Lugogo, Njira L /

Papaioannou, Andriana I / Larenas-Linnemann, Désirée / Moore, Wendy C / Perez-de-Llano, Luis A / Rasmussen, Linda M / Schmid, Johannes M / Siddiqui, Salman / Alacqua, Marianna / Tran, Trung N / Suppli Ulrik, Charlotte / Upham, John W / Wang, Eileen / Bulathsinhala, Lakmini / Carter, Victoria A / Chaudhry, Isha / Eleangovan, Neva / Murray, Ruth B / Price, Chris A / Price, David B

Journal of asthma and allergy

2022 Volume 15, Page(s) 63–78

Abstract: Introduction: International registries provide opportunities to describe use of biologics for treating severe asthma in current clinical practice. Our aims were to describe real-life global patterns of biologic use (continuation, switches, and ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: International registries provide opportunities to describe use of biologics for treating severe asthma in current clinical practice. Our aims were to describe real-life global patterns of biologic use (continuation, switches, and discontinuations) for severe asthma, elucidate reasons underlying these patterns, and examine associated patient-level factors. Methods: This was a historical cohort study including adults with severe asthma enrolled into the International Severe Asthma Registry (ISAR; http://isaregistries.org, 2015-2020) or the CHRONICLE Study (2018-2020) and treated with a biologic. Eleven countries were included (Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, Greece, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, South Korea, Spain, UK, and USA). Biologic utilization patterns were defined: 1) continuing initial biologic; 2) stopping biologic treatment; or 3) switching to another biologic. Reasons for discontinuation/switching were recorded and comparisons drawn between groups. Results: A total of 3531 patients were included. Omalizumab was the most common initial biologic in 2015 (88.2%) and benralizumab in 2019 (29.6%). Most patients (79%; 2791/3531) continued their first biologic; 10.2% (356/3531) stopped; 10.8% (384/3531) switched. The most frequent first switch was from omalizumab to an anti-IL-5/5R (49.6%; 187/377). The most common subsequent switch was from one anti-IL-5/5R to another (44.4%; 20/45). Insufficient efficacy and/or adverse effects were the most frequent reasons for stopping/switching. Patients who stopped/switched were more likely to have a higher baseline blood eosinophil count and exacerbation rate, lower lung function, and greater health care resource utilization. Conclusion: The description of real-life patterns of continuing, stopping, or switching biologics enhances our understanding of global biologic use. Prospective studies involving structured switching criteria could ascertain optimal strategies to identify patients who may benefit from switching.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-13
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2494877-9
ISSN	1178-6965
ISSN	1178-6965
DOI	10.2147/JAA.S328653
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Article ; Online: A scoping review of opioid harm reduction interventions for equity-deserving populations

Katrina Milaney / Rebecca Haines-Saah / Brenlea Farkas / Oluwaseun Egunsola / Liza Mastikhina / Sage Brown / Diane Lorenzetti / Brian Hansen / Kerry McBrien / Katherine Rittenbach / Leslie Hill / Claire O'Gorman / Christopher Doig / Jason Cabaj / Caitlin Stokvis / Fiona Clement

The Lancet Regional Health. Americas, Vol 12, Iss , Pp 100271- (2022)

2022

Abstract: ... agonist treatment (OAT) (n = 11, 73%). The remaining four studies included: overdose prevention ...

Abstract	Summary: Background: Morbidity and mortality associated with opioid use has become a North American crisis. Harm reduction is an evidence-based approach to substance use. Targeted harm reduction strategies that consider the needs of specific populations are required. The objective of this scoping review was to document the range of opioid harm reduction interventions across equity-deserving populations including racialized groups, Indigenous peoples, LGBTQIA2S+, people with disabilities, and women. Methods: Ten databases were searched from inception to July 5th, 2021. Terms for harm reduction and opioid use formed the central concepts of the search. We included studies that: (1) assessed the development, implementation, and/or evaluation of harm reduction interventions for opioid use, and (2) reported health-related outcomes or presented perspectives that directly related to experiences receiving or administering harm reduction interventions, (3) were completed within an equity-deserving population and (4) were completed in New Zealand, Australia, Canada or the US. A knowledge map was developed a-priori based on literature outlining different types of harm reduction interventions and supplemented by the expertise of the research team. Findings: 12,958 citations were identified and screened, with 1373 reviewed in full-text screening. Of these, 15 studies were included in the final dataset. The most common harm reduction program was opioid agonist treatment (OAT) (n = 11, 73%). The remaining four studies included: overdose prevention; drug testing equipment; and outreach, peer support, and educational programs for safer use. Nine studies focused on women, primarily pregnant/post-partum women, three focused on Indigenous peoples, and three studies included racialized groups. No studies were identified that provided any information on persons with a disability or members of the LGBTQIA2S+ population. Interpretation: The scant opioid specific harm reduction literature on equity-deserving populations to date has ...
Keywords	Opioid ; Overdose ; Equity-deserving ; Harm reduction ; Scoping review ; Health equity ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Cost Analysis and Cost-Utility Analysis of a Community Pharmacist-Led Intervention on Reducing Cardiovascular Risk: The Alberta Vascular Risk Reduction Community Pharmacy Project (R

Tam-Tham, Helen / Clement, Fiona / Hemmelgarn, Brenda R / Manns, Braden J / Klarenbach, Scott W / Tonelli, Marcello / Tsuyuki, Ross T / Al Hamarneh, Yazid N / Penko, Joanne / Weaver, Colin G W / Au, Flora / Weaver, Robert G / Jones, Charlotte A / McBrien, Kerry A

Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research

2019 Volume 22, Issue 10, Page(s) 1128–1136

Abstract: Background: A randomized trial (the Alberta Vascular Risk Reduction Community Pharmacy Project) showed that a community pharmacist-led intervention was efficacious for reducing cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, the cost of this strategy is unknown.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: A randomized trial (the Alberta Vascular Risk Reduction Community Pharmacy Project) showed that a community pharmacist-led intervention was efficacious for reducing cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, the cost of this strategy is unknown. Objectives: We examined the short- and long-term cost of a pharmacist-led intervention to reduce CV risk compared to usual care. Methods: We conducted a trial-based cost analysis from the perspective of a publicly funded healthcare system. Over 3 and 12 months of follow-up, we examined specific intervention costs (pharmacy claims), related intervention costs (laboratory tests and medications), and ongoing healthcare costs (physician claims, emergency department visits, and hospital admissions). We also used the validated CV Disease Policy Model-Canada to estimate the long-term effects. Results: A total of 684 participants (mean age 62, 57% male) were included. Overall, there were no significant differences in healthcare costs at 3 or 12 months between the usual care and intervention groups (P = .127). The CV disease-related healthcare cost of managing a patient over a lifetime was estimated to be Can$45 530 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 45 460-45 580) and Can$40 750 (95% UI, 37 780-43 620) in usual care and intervention groups, respectively, an incremental cost savings of Can$4770 per patient (95% UI, 1900-7760). The intervention dominated usual care (better outcomes and lower costs) across 3-year, 5-year, 10-year, and lifetime horizons. Conclusion: This economic analysis suggests that a clinical pathway-driven pharmacist-led intervention (previously shown to reduce CV risk) was associated with similar measured healthcare costs over 1 year, and lower extrapolated healthcare costs over a patient lifetime. This strategy could be broadly implemented to realize its benefits.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Alberta ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Female ; Health Promotion/economics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharmaceutical Services ; Professional Role ; Professional-Patient Relations ; Risk Reduction Behavior
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1471745-1
ISSN	1524-4733 ; 1098-3015
ISSN (online)	1524-4733
ISSN	1098-3015
DOI	10.1016/j.jval.2019.05.012
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Zs.A 5904: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Predictors of Age of Diagnosis and Survival of Alzheimer's Disease in Down Syndrome.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

2017 Volume 61, Issue 2, Page(s) 717–728

Abstract: Background: People with Down syndrome (DS) are an ultra-high risk population for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding the factors associated with age of onset and survival in this population could highlight factors associated with modulation of the ... ...

Abstract	Background: People with Down syndrome (DS) are an ultra-high risk population for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding the factors associated with age of onset and survival in this population could highlight factors associated with modulation of the amyloid cascade. Objective: This study aimed to establish the typical age at diagnosis and survival associated with AD in DS and the risk factors associated with these. Methods: Data was obtained from the Aging with Down Syndrome and Intellectual Disabilities (ADSID) research database, consisting of data extracted from clinical records of patients seen by Community Intellectual Disability Services (CIDS) in England. Survival times when considering different risk factors were calculated. Results: The mean age of diagnosis was 55.80 years, SD 6.29. Median survival time after diagnosis was 3.78 years, and median age at death was approximately 60 years. Survival time was associated with age of diagnosis, severity of intellectual disability, living status, anti-dementia medication status, and history of epilepsy. Age at diagnosis and treatment status remained predictive of survival time following adjustment. Conclusion: This study provides the best estimate of survival in dementia within the DS population to date, and is in keeping with previous estimates from smaller studies in the DS population. This study provides important estimates and insights into possible predictors of survival and age of diagnosis of AD in adults with DS, which will inform selection of participants for treatment trials in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Age of Onset ; Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology ; Down Syndrome/complications ; England/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Survival Analysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1440127-7
ISSN	1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
ISSN (online)	1875-8908
ISSN	1387-2877
DOI	10.3233/JAD-170624
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