LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Back to previous search Search history
Advanced search

Your last searches

  1. AU=Smaldino Paul E.
  2. AU=Bi Hai
  3. AU="Pintore, Giorgio"
  4. AU="Signorini C."
  5. AU="Mameli, Maria Sabrina"
  6. AU="Yong-ming GAO"
  7. AU="Paquette, Kimberly"
  8. AU="Sharawat, Indar Kumar"
  9. AU="Alexandre Alanio"
  10. AU="Caron, Jeffrey G"
  11. AU="Lubisi, Baratang A"
  12. AU="Edelman, Robert R."
  13. AU="van der Werf, Steffie"
  14. AU="Sam, Andrew"

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 78

Search options

  1. Article: Correction to: 'The natural selection of bad science' (2016) by Paul E. Smaldino and Richard McElreath.

    Smaldino, Paul E / McElreath, Richard

    Royal Society open science

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 9, Page(s) rsos231026

    Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160384.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160384.]. ...

    Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160384.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160384.].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2787755-3
    ISSN 2054-5703
    ISSN 2054-5703
    DOI 10.1098/rsos.231026
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  2. Article ; Online: The miss of the framework.

    Smaldino, Paul E

    The Behavioral and brain sciences

    2024  Volume 47, Page(s) e59

    Abstract: The authors rightly critique existing social sciences approaches. However, they are too quick to dismiss the criticism that their proposed paradigm is atheoretical. Social and cognitive theories are indeed incommensurate, often due to the lack of a ... ...

    Abstract The authors rightly critique existing social sciences approaches. However, they are too quick to dismiss the criticism that their proposed paradigm is atheoretical. Social and cognitive theories are indeed incommensurate, often due to the lack of a unifying framework. Without proper integration with theoretical frameworks, their proposal may merely produce a resource-intensive veneer of thoroughness without substantive improvements to understanding.
    MeSH term(s) Social Sciences
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 423721-3
    ISSN 1469-1825 ; 0140-525X
    ISSN (online) 1469-1825
    ISSN 0140-525X
    DOI 10.1017/S0140525X23002315
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1470: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  3. Article ; Online: Innovation-facilitating networks create inequality.

    Moser, Cody / Smaldino, Paul E

    Proceedings. Biological sciences

    2023  Volume 290, Issue 2011, Page(s) 20232281

    Abstract: Theories of innovation often balance contrasting views that either smart people create smart things or smartly constructed institutions create smart things. While population models have shown factors including population size, connectivity and agent ... ...

    Abstract Theories of innovation often balance contrasting views that either smart people create smart things or smartly constructed institutions create smart things. While population models have shown factors including population size, connectivity and agent behaviour as crucial for innovation, few have taken the individual-central approach seriously by examining the role individuals play within their groups. To explore how network structures influence not only population-level innovation but also performance among individuals, we studied an agent-based model of the Potions Task, a paradigm developed to test how structure affects a group's ability to solve a difficult exploration task. We explore how size, connectivity and rates of information sharing in a network influence innovation and how these have an impact on the emergence of inequality in terms of agent contributions. We find, in line with prior work, that population size has a positive effect on innovation, but also find that large and small populations perform similarly
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209242-6
    ISSN 1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    ISSN (online) 1471-2954
    ISSN 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    DOI 10.1098/rspb.2023.2281
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1364: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  4. Article ; Online: Reducing global inequality increases local cooperation: a simple model of group selection with a global externality.

    Safarzynska, Karolina / Smaldino, Paul E

    Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

    2023  Volume 379, Issue 1893, Page(s) 20220267

    Abstract: ... global environmental variables, including climate change and ecosystem fragility. Against this background ...

    Abstract Group-structured models often explain the evolution of prosocial activities in terms of selection acting at both individual and group levels. Such models do not typically consider how individuals' behaviours may have consequences beyond the boundaries of their groups. However, many behaviours affect global environmental variables, including climate change and ecosystem fragility. Against this background, we propose a simple model of multi-level selection in the presence of global externalities. In our model, group members can cooperate in a social dilemma with the potential for group-level benefits. The actions of cooperators also have global consequences, which can be positive (a global good) or negative (a global bad). We use simulations to consider scenarios in which the effects of the global externality either are evenly distributed, or have stronger influences on either the rich or the poor. We find that the global externality promotes the evolution of cooperation only if it either disproportionately benefits the poor or disproportionately reduces the payoffs of the rich. If the global externality primarily harms the poor, it undermines the evolution of prosocial behaviour. Understanding this effect is important given concerns that poorer households are more vulnerable to climate change impacts. This article is part of the theme issue 'Evolution and sustainability: gathering the strands for an Anthropocene synthesis'.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cooperative Behavior ; Ecosystem ; Game Theory ; Biological Evolution ; Altruism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208382-6
    ISSN 1471-2970 ; 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    ISSN (online) 1471-2970
    ISSN 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    DOI 10.1098/rstb.2022.0267
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Einzelsignatur: Show issues

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  5. Article ; Online: Mechanistic modeling for the masses.

    Turner, Matthew A / Smaldino, Paul E

    The Behavioral and brain sciences

    2022  Volume 45, Page(s) e33

    Abstract: The generalizability crisis is compounded, or even partially caused, by a lack of specificity in psychological theories. Expanding the use of mechanistic models among psychologists is therefore important, but faces numerous hurdles. A cultural ... ...

    Abstract The generalizability crisis is compounded, or even partially caused, by a lack of specificity in psychological theories. Expanding the use of mechanistic models among psychologists is therefore important, but faces numerous hurdles. A cultural evolutionary approach can help guide and evaluate interventions to improve modeling efforts in psychology, such as developing standards and implementing them at the institutional level.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Psychological Theory
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 423721-3
    ISSN 1469-1825 ; 0140-525X
    ISSN (online) 1469-1825
    ISSN 0140-525X
    DOI 10.1017/S0140525X2100039X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1470: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  6. Article ; Online: Organizational Development as Generative Entrenchment.

    Moser, Cody / Smaldino, Paul E

    Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 7

    Abstract: A critical task for organizations is how to best structure themselves to efficiently allocate information and resources to individuals tasked with solving sub-components of the organization's central problems. Despite this criticality, the processes by ... ...

    Abstract A critical task for organizations is how to best structure themselves to efficiently allocate information and resources to individuals tasked with solving sub-components of the organization's central problems. Despite this criticality, the processes by which organizational structures form remain largely opaque within organizational theory, with most approaches focused on how structure is influenced by individual managerial heuristics, normative cultural perceptions, and trial-and-error. Here, we propose that a broad understanding of organizational formation can be aided by appealing to generative entrenchment, a theory from developmental biology that helps explain why phylogenetically diverse animals appear similar as embryos. Drawing inferences from generative entrenchment and applying it to organizational differentiation, we argue that the reason many organizations appear structurally similar is due to core informational restraints on individual actors beginning at the top and descending to the bottom of these informational hierarchies, which reinforces these structures via feedback between separate levels. We further argue that such processes can lead to the emergence of a variety of group-level traits, an important but undertheorized class of phenomena in cultural evolution.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2014734-X
    ISSN 1099-4300 ; 1099-4300
    ISSN (online) 1099-4300
    ISSN 1099-4300
    DOI 10.3390/e24070879
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  7. Article ; Online: The Emergence of Cultural Attractors: How Dynamic Populations of Learners Achieve Collective Cognitive Alignment.

    Falandays, J Benjamin / Smaldino, Paul E

    Cognitive science

    2022  Volume 46, Issue 8, Page(s) e13183

    Abstract: ... remember, and reproduce information in similar ways, the features of socially transmitted variants (i.e ...

    Abstract When a population exhibits collective cognitive alignment, such that group members tend to perceive, remember, and reproduce information in similar ways, the features of socially transmitted variants (i.e., artifacts, behaviors) may converge over time towards culture-specific equilibria points, often called cultural attractors. Because cognition may be plastic, shaped through experience with the cultural products of others, collective cognitive alignment and stable cultural attractors cannot always be taken for granted, but little is known about how these patterns first emerge and stabilize in initially uncoordinated populations. We propose that stable cultural attractors can emerge from general principles of human categorization and communication. We present a model of cultural attractor dynamics, which extends a model of unsupervised category learning in individuals to a multiagent setting wherein learners provide the training input to each other. Agents in our populations spontaneously align their cognitive category structures, producing emergent cultural attractor points. We highlight three interesting behaviors exhibited by our model: (1) noise enhances the stability of cultural category structures; (2) short 'critical' periods of learning early in life enhance stability; and (3) larger populations produce more stable but less complex attractor landscapes, and cliquish network structure can mitigate the latter effect. These results may shed light on how collective cognitive alignment is achieved in the absence of shared, innate cognitive attractors, which we suggest is important to the capacity for cumulative cultural evolution.
    MeSH term(s) Cognition ; Cultural Evolution ; Humans ; Learning ; Systems Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2002940-8
    ISSN 1551-6709 ; 0364-0213
    ISSN (online) 1551-6709
    ISSN 0364-0213
    DOI 10.1111/cogs.13183
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  8. Article ; Online: A Modeling Approach that Integrates Individual Behavior, Social Networks, and Cross-Cultural Variation.

    Smaldino, Paul E

    Trends in cognitive sciences

    2019  Volume 23, Issue 10, Page(s) 818–820

    Abstract: How do psychological traits shape social networks? How does this relationship influence the spread of behavior? In a recent paper, Muthukrishna and Schaller (Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev., 2019) use a modeling approach to explore these questions. In doing so, ...

    Abstract How do psychological traits shape social networks? How does this relationship influence the spread of behavior? In a recent paper, Muthukrishna and Schaller (Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev., 2019) use a modeling approach to explore these questions. In doing so, they illustrate the value of using a multilevel approach to study human behavior.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Cultural Evolution ; Humans ; Social Behavior ; Social Networking
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2010989-1
    ISSN 1879-307X ; 1364-6613
    ISSN (online) 1879-307X
    ISSN 1364-6613
    DOI 10.1016/j.tics.2019.07.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  9. Article ; Online: Hashtags as signals of political identity: #BlackLivesMatter and #AllLivesMatter.

    Powell, Maia / Kim, Arnold D / Smaldino, Paul E

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) e0286524

    Abstract: We investigate perceptions of tweets marked with the #BlackLivesMatter and #AllLivesMatter hashtags, as well as how the presence or absence of those hashtags changed the meaning and subsequent interpretation of tweets in U.S. participants. We found a ... ...

    Abstract We investigate perceptions of tweets marked with the #BlackLivesMatter and #AllLivesMatter hashtags, as well as how the presence or absence of those hashtags changed the meaning and subsequent interpretation of tweets in U.S. participants. We found a strong effect of partisanship on perceptions of the tweets, such that participants on the political left were more likely to view #AllLivesMatter tweets as racist and offensive, while participants on the political right were more likely to view #BlackLivesMatter tweets as racist and offensive. Moreover, we found that political identity explained evaluation results far better than other measured demographics. Additionally, to assess the influence of hashtags themselves, we removed them from tweets in which they originally appeared and added them to selected neutral tweets. Our results have implications for our understanding of how social identity, and particularly political identity, shapes how individuals perceive and engage with the world.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Social Media ; United States ; Politics ; Racism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0286524
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  10. Article ; Online: Organizational Development as Generative Entrenchment

    Cody Moser / Paul E. Smaldino

    Entropy, Vol 24, Iss 879, p

    2022  Volume 879

    Abstract: A critical task for organizations is how to best structure themselves to efficiently allocate information and resources to individuals tasked with solving sub-components of the organization’s central problems. Despite this criticality, the processes by ... ...

    Abstract A critical task for organizations is how to best structure themselves to efficiently allocate information and resources to individuals tasked with solving sub-components of the organization’s central problems. Despite this criticality, the processes by which organizational structures form remain largely opaque within organizational theory, with most approaches focused on how structure is influenced by individual managerial heuristics, normative cultural perceptions, and trial-and-error. Here, we propose that a broad understanding of organizational formation can be aided by appealing to generative entrenchment, a theory from developmental biology that helps explain why phylogenetically diverse animals appear similar as embryos. Drawing inferences from generative entrenchment and applying it to organizational differentiation, we argue that the reason many organizations appear structurally similar is due to core informational restraints on individual actors beginning at the top and descending to the bottom of these informational hierarchies, which reinforces these structures via feedback between separate levels. We further argue that such processes can lead to the emergence of a variety of group-level traits, an important but undertheorized class of phenomena in cultural evolution.
    Keywords organizations ; generative entrenchment ; cultural evolution ; information constraints ; group selection ; Science ; Q ; Astrophysics ; QB460-466 ; Physics ; QC1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

To top