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Article ; Online: The Interplay of Viral and Host Factors in Chikungunya Virus Infection: Targets for Antiviral Strategies.

Wong, Kai Zhi / Chu, Justin Jang Hann

2018 Volume 10, Issue 6

Abstract: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has re-emerged as one of the many medically important arboviruses that have spread rampantly across the world in the past decade. Infected patients come down with acute fever and rashes, and a portion of them suffer from both ... ...

Abstract	Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has re-emerged as one of the many medically important arboviruses that have spread rampantly across the world in the past decade. Infected patients come down with acute fever and rashes, and a portion of them suffer from both acute and chronic arthralgia. Currently, there are no targeted therapeutics against this debilitating virus. One approach to develop potential therapeutics is by understanding the viral-host interactions. However, to date, there has been limited research undertaken in this area. In this review, we attempt to briefly describe and update the functions of the different CHIKV proteins and their respective interacting host partners. In addition, we also survey the literature for other reported host factors and pathways involved during CHIKV infection. There is a pressing need for an in-depth understanding of the interaction between the host environment and CHIKV in order to generate potential therapeutics.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Chikungunya Fever/drug therapy ; Chikungunya virus/drug effects ; Chikungunya virus/physiology ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/drug effects ; Humans ; Mice ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/metabolism ; Virus Replication
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v10060294
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Longitudinal Plasma Proteomics-Derived Biomarkers Predict Response to MET Inhibitors for MET-Dysregulated NSCLC.

Jie, Guang-Ling / Peng, Lun-Xi / Zheng, Mei-Mei / Sun, Hao / Wang, Song-Rong / Liu, Si-Yang Maggie / Yin, Kai / Chen, Zhi-Hong / Tian, Hong-Xia / Yang, Jin-Ji / Zhang, Xu-Chao / Tu, Hai-Yan / Zhou, Qing / Wong, Catherine C L / Wu, Yi-Long

Cancers

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1

Abstract: MET inhibitors have shown promising efficacy for MET-dysregulated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, quite a few patients cannot benefit from it due to the lack of powerful biomarkers. This study aims to explore the potential role of plasma ... ...

Abstract	MET inhibitors have shown promising efficacy for MET-dysregulated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, quite a few patients cannot benefit from it due to the lack of powerful biomarkers. This study aims to explore the potential role of plasma proteomics-derived biomarkers for patients treated with MET inhibitors using mass spectrometry. We analyzed the plasma proteomics from patients with MET dysregulation (including MET amplification and MET overexpression) treated with MET inhibitors. Thirty-three MET-dysregulated NSCLC patients with longitudinal 89 plasma samples were included. We classified patients into the PD group and non-PD group based on clinical response. The baseline proteomic profiles of patients in the PD group were distinct from those in the non-PD group. Through protein screening, we found that a four-protein signature (MYH9, GNB1, ALOX12B, HSD17B4) could predict the efficacy of patients treated with MET inhibitors, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93, better than conventional fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests. In addition, combining the four-protein signature with FISH or IHC test could also reach higher predictive performance. Further, the combined signature could predict progression-free survival for MET-dysregulated NSCLC (p < 0.001). We also validated the performance of the four-protein signature in another cohort of plasma using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In conclusion, the four plasma protein signature (MYH9, GNB1, ALOX12B, and HSD17B4 proteins) might play a substitutable or complementary role to conventional MET FISH or IHC tests. This exploration will help select patients who may benefit from MET inhibitors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers15010302
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Article ; Online: Comparison of Anesthesia-Controlled Operating Room Time Between Propofol-Based Total Intravenous Anesthesia and Desflurane Anesthesia in Open Liver Resection: A Retrospective Study.

Lai, Hou-Chuan / Huang, Yi-Hsuan / Lu, Chueng-He / Hung, Nan-Kai / Wong, Chih-Shung / Wu, Zhi-Fu

Asian journal of anesthesiology

2020 Volume 58, Issue 2, Page(s) 64–71

Abstract: Background: Reducing anesthesia-controlled time (ACT) such as extubation time may improve operation room (OR) efficiency result from different anesthetic techniques. However, the information about the difference in ACT between desflurane (DES) ... ...

Abstract	Background: Reducing anesthesia-controlled time (ACT) such as extubation time may improve operation room (OR) efficiency result from different anesthetic techniques. However, the information about the difference in ACT between desflurane (DES) anesthesia and propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) techniques for open liver resection under general anesthesia is not available in the literature. Methods: This retrospective study uses our hospital database to analyze the ACT of open liver resection after either DES/fentanyl-based anesthesia or TIVA via target-controlled infusion (TCI) with fentanyl/propofol from January 2010 to December 2011. The various time intervals including waiting for anesthesia time, anesthesia time, surgical time, extubation time, exit from OR after extubation, total OR time, and post-anesthetic care unit stay time and percentage of prolonged extubation (≥ 15 minutes) were compared between the two anesthetic techniques. Results: We included 143 hepatocellular carcinoma patients, with 82 patients receiving TIVA and 61 patients receiving DES. The extubation time was faster (10.1 ± 3.2 min vs. 11.8 ± 5.2 min; P = 0.03), and the incidence of prolonged extubation was lower (9.8% vs. 26.8%; P = 0.02) in the DES group than in the TIVA group. The factors contributed to prolonged extubation were age, sex, anesthetic technique, and anesthesia time. Conclusion: The DES anesthesia provided faster extubation time and lower incidence of prolonged extubation compared with propofol-based TIVA by TCI in elective open liver resection. Besides, older age, male, TIVA, and lengthy anesthesia time were factors affecting prolonged extubation.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Desflurane ; Humans ; Isoflurane ; Liver ; Male ; Operating Rooms ; Propofol ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Desflurane (CRS35BZ94Q) ; Isoflurane (CYS9AKD70P) ; Propofol (YI7VU623SF)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01
Publishing country	China (Republic : 1949- )
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2468-824X
ISSN (online)	2468-824X
DOI	10.6859/aja.202006_58(2).0004
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Book ; Online: Transfer Learning and Meta Learning Based Fast Downlink Beamforming Adaptation

Yuan, Yi / Zheng, Gan / Wong, Kai-Kit / Ottersten, Björn / Luo, Zhi-Quan

2020

Abstract: This paper studies fast adaptive beamforming optimization for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio balancing problem in a multiuser multiple-input single-output downlink system. Existing deep learning based approaches to predict beamforming rely ... ...

Abstract	This paper studies fast adaptive beamforming optimization for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio balancing problem in a multiuser multiple-input single-output downlink system. Existing deep learning based approaches to predict beamforming rely on the assumption that the training and testing channels follow the same distribution which may not hold in practice. As a result, a trained model may lead to performance deterioration when the testing network environment changes. To deal with this task mismatch issue, we propose two offline adaptive algorithms based on deep transfer learning and meta-learning, which are able to achieve fast adaptation with the limited new labelled data when the testing wireless environment changes. Furthermore, we propose an online algorithm to enhance the adaptation capability of the offline meta algorithm in realistic non-stationary environments. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive algorithms achieve much better performance than the direct deep learning algorithm without adaptation in new environments. The meta-learning algorithm outperforms the deep transfer learning algorithm and achieves near optimal performance. In addition, compared to the offline meta-learning algorithm, the proposed online meta-learning algorithm shows superior adaption performance in changing environments.
Keywords	Computer Science - Information Theory
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2020-11-02
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article: Dr Man-Kai Wan and the medical students of the Hong Kong College of Medicine at Nethersole Hospital in 1898.

Wong, T W

Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi

2021 Volume 27, Issue 6, Page(s) 466–468

MeSH term(s)	Educational Status ; Hong Kong ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Male ; Students, Medical ; Universities
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-23
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1239255-8
ISSN	1024-2708
ISSN	1024-2708
DOI	10.12809/hkmj-hkmms202112
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Zs.A 4347: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A systematic scoping review of undergraduate medical ethics education programs from 1990 to 2020.

Wong, Mun Kit / Hong, Daniel Zhi Hao / Wu, Jiaxuan / Ting, Jacquelin Jia Qi / Goh, Jia Ling / Ong, Zhi Yang / Toh, Rachelle Qi En / Chiang, Christine Li Ling / Ng, Caleb Wei Hao / Ng, Jared Chuan Kai / Cheong, Clarissa Wei Shuen / Tay, Kuang Teck / Tan, Laura Hui Shuen / Ong, Yun Ting / Chiam, Min / Chin, Annelissa Mien Chew / Mason, Stephen / Radha Krishna, Lalit Kumar

Medical teacher

2021 Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) 167–186

Abstract: Introduction: Ensuring medical students are equipped with essential knowledge and portable skills to face complex ethical issues underlines the need for ethics education in medical school. Yet such training remains variable amidst evolving contextual, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Ensuring medical students are equipped with essential knowledge and portable skills to face complex ethical issues underlines the need for ethics education in medical school. Yet such training remains variable amidst evolving contextual, sociocultural, legal and financial considerations that inform training across different healthcare systems. This review aims to map how undergraduate medical schools teach and assess ethics. Methods: Guided by the Systematic Evidence-Based Approach (SEBA), two concurrent systematic scoping reviews were carried out, one on ethics teaching and another on their assessment. Searches were conducted on PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and ERIC between 1 January 1990 and 31 December 2020. Data was independently analysed using thematic and content analysis. Results: Upon scrutinising the two sets of full-text articles, we identified 141 articles on ethics teaching and 102 articles on their assessments. 83 overlapped resulting in 160 distinct articles. Similar themes and categories were identified, these include teaching modalities, curriculum content, enablers and barriers to teaching, assessment methods, and their pros and cons. Conclusion: This review reveals the importance of adopting an interactive, multimodal and interdisciplinary team-teaching approach to ethics education, involving community resource partners and faculty trained in ethics, law, communication, professionalism, and other intertwining healthcare professions. Conscientious effort should also be put into vertically and horizontally integrating ethics into formal medical curricula to ensure contextualisation and application of ethics knowledge, skills and attitudes, as well as protected time and adequate resources. A stage-based multimodal assessment approach should be used to appropriately evaluate knowledge acquisition, application and reflection across various practice settings. To scaffold personalised development plans and remediation efforts, multisource evaluations may be stored in a centralised portfolio. Whilst standardisation of curricula content ensures cross-speciality ethical proficiency, deliberative curriculum inquiry performed by faculty members using a Delphi approach may help to facilitate the narrowing of relevant topics.
MeSH term(s)	Curriculum ; Education, Medical, Undergraduate ; Ethics, Medical ; Humans ; Schools, Medical ; Students, Medical
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	424426-6
ISSN	1466-187X ; 0142-159X
ISSN (online)	1466-187X
ISSN	0142-159X
DOI	10.1080/0142159X.2021.1970729
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Zs.B 2176: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in children: experts' consensus statement updated for the Omicron variant.

Jiang, Rong-Meng / Xie, Zheng-De / Jiang, Yi / Lu, Xiao-Xia / Jin, Run-Ming / Zheng, Yue-Jie / Shang, Yun-Xiao / Xu, Bao-Ping / Liu, Zhi-Sheng / Lu, Gen / Deng, Ji-Kui / Liu, Guang-Hua / Wang, Xiao-Chuan / Wang, Jian-She / Feng, Lu-Zhao / Liu, Wei / Zheng, Yi / Shu, Sai-Nan / Lu, Min /

World journal of pediatrics : WJP

2023 Volume 20, Issue 3, Page(s) 272–286

MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Testing
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2236681-7
ISSN	1867-0687 ; 1708-8569
ISSN (online)	1867-0687
ISSN	1708-8569
DOI	10.1007/s12519-023-00745-3
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Zs.A 6309: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A traditional Chinese formula composed of Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Da Chuanxiong Formula) suppresses inflammatory response in LPS -induced RAW 264.7 cells through inhibition of NF-κB pathway.

Liu, Zhi-Ke / Ng, Chun-Fai / Shiu, Hoi-Ting / Wong, Hing-Lok / Wong, Chun-Wai / Li, Kai-Kai / Zhang, Jin-Fang / Lam, Ping-Kuen / Poon, Wai-Sang / Lau, Clara Bik-San / Leung, Ping-Chung / Ko, Chun-Hay

Journal of ethnopharmacology

2017 Volume 196, Page(s) 20–28

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Da Chuanxiong Formula (DCXF) which origins from Jin Dynasty is a famous classical 2-herb Chinese medicinal prescription. It is composed of dried rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma, CR) and Gastrodia ... ...

Abstract	Ethnopharmacological relevance: Da Chuanxiong Formula (DCXF) which origins from Jin Dynasty is a famous classical 2-herb Chinese medicinal prescription. It is composed of dried rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma, CR) and Gastrodia elata (Gastrodiae Rhizoma, GR) at the ratio of 4:1 (w/w). It has been used to treat headache which is caused by wind pathogen and blood stasis for thousands of years in China. Aim of study: The present study was performed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of DCXF and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms using LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Materials and methods: The anti-inflammatory effect of DCXF was evaluated using LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Generation of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E Results: Treatment with DCXF significantly suppressed the productions of NO and PGE Conclusions: These results indicated that DCXF inhibited inflammation in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells through inactivation of NF-κB pathway.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics ; Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism ; Dinoprostone/metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; DaChuanXiongFang ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Lipopolysaccharides ; NF-kappa B ; RNA, Messenger ; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha (139874-52-5) ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Nos2 protein, mouse (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Ptgs2 protein, mouse (EC 1.14.99.-) ; Cyclooxygenase 2 (EC 1.14.99.1) ; Dinoprostone (K7Q1JQR04M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-20
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	134511-4
ISSN	1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
ISSN (online)	1872-7573
ISSN	0378-8741
DOI	10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.014
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Zs.A 1494: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Prunin suppresses viral IRES activity and is a potential candidate for treating enterovirus A71 infection.

Gunaseelan, Saravanan / Wong, Kai Zhi / Min, Nyo / Sun, Jialei / Ismail, Nur Khairiah Binte Mohd / Tan, Yee Joo / Lee, Regina Ching Hua / Chu, Justin Jang Hann

Science translational medicine

2019 Volume 11, Issue 516

Abstract: Human enterovirus A71 (HEVA71) causes hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in young children and is considered a major neurotropic pathogen but lacks effective antivirals. To identify potential therapeutic agents against HFMD, we screened a 502-compound ... ...

Abstract	Human enterovirus A71 (HEVA71) causes hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in young children and is considered a major neurotropic pathogen but lacks effective antivirals. To identify potential therapeutic agents against HFMD, we screened a 502-compound flavonoid library for compounds targeting the HEVA71 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) that facilitates translation of the HEVA71 genome and is vital for the production of HEVA71 viral particles. We validated hits using cell viability and viral plaque assays and found that prunin was the most potent inhibitor of HEVA71. Downstream assays affirmed that prunin disrupted viral protein and RNA synthesis and acted as a narrow-spectrum antiviral against enteroviruses A and B, but not enterovirus C, rhinovirus A, herpes simplex 1, or chikungunya virus. Continuous HEVA71 passaging with prunin yielded HEVA71-resistant mutants with five mutations that mapped to the viral IRES. Knockdown studies showed that the mutations allowed HEVA71 to overcome treatment-induced suppression by differentially regulating recruitment of the IRES trans-acting factors Sam68 and hnRNPK without affecting the hnRNPA1-IRES interaction required for IRES translation. Furthermore, prunin effectively reduced HEVA71-associated clinical symptoms and mortality in HEVA71-infected BALB/c mice and suppressed hepatitis C virus at higher concentrations, suggesting a similar mechanism of prunin-mediated IRES inhibition for both viruses. These studies establish prunin as a candidate for further development as a HEVA71 therapeutic agent.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Cell Death/drug effects ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drug Resistance, Viral/drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics ; Enterovirus A, Human/physiology ; Enterovirus Infections/drug therapy ; Enterovirus Infections/virology ; Flavonoids/pharmacology ; Genes, Reporter ; Hepacivirus/drug effects ; Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1/metabolism ; Humans ; Internal Ribosome Entry Sites/genetics ; Luciferases/metabolism ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mutation/genetics ; Phlorhizin/analogs & derivatives ; Phlorhizin/pharmacology ; Phlorhizin/therapeutic use ; Reproducibility of Results ; Virus Replication/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Flavonoids ; Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1 ; Internal Ribosome Entry Sites ; prunin ; Phlorhizin (CU9S17279X) ; Luciferases (EC 1.13.12.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2518854-9
ISSN	1946-6242 ; 1946-6234
ISSN (online)	1946-6242
ISSN	1946-6234
DOI	10.1126/scitranslmed.aar5759
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Article ; Online: Is kidney function associated with primary open-angle glaucoma? Findings from the Asian Eye Epidemiology Consortium.

The British journal of ophthalmology

2020 Volume 104, Issue 9, Page(s) 1298–1303

Abstract: Aim: To comprehensively examine the association between kidney function and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in a large consortium of multiple Asian population-based studies.: Methods: 28 925 participants (57 340 eyes) from 9 population-based ... ...

Abstract	Aim: To comprehensively examine the association between kidney function and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in a large consortium of multiple Asian population-based studies. Methods: 28 925 participants (57 340 eyes) from 9 population-based studies (from China, Hong Kong, India, Korea, Russia, Singapore) of the Asian Eye Epidemiology Consortium were included. Across all studies, POAG was defined based on the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from serum creatinine. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined as eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m Results: After adjusting for age, gender, study group, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, body mass index, smoking status and IOP, lower eGFR (per 10 mL/min/1.73 m Conclusion: In this large pooled-analysis of multiple Asian population-based studies, our findings suggest that the association between CKD and POAG may only be present in East Asians specifically but not in the overall Asian population. Further evaluation in Japanese population is warranted to confirm this observation.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Asia/epidemiology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Female ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/epidemiology ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/physiopathology ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure/physiology ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology ; Tonometry, Ocular ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis
ZDB-ID	80078-8
ISSN	1468-2079 ; 0007-1161
ISSN (online)	1468-2079
ISSN	0007-1161
DOI	10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314890
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