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  1. Article ; Online: Strain Engineering: Perfecting Freestanding Perovskite Oxide Fabrication.

    Yun, Shinhee / le Cozannet, Thomas Emil / Christoffersen, Christina Høgfeldt / Brand, Eric / Jespersen, Thomas Sand / Pryds, Nini

    Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

    2024  , Page(s) e2310782

    Abstract: Freestanding oxide membranes provide a promising path for integrating devices on silicon and flexible platforms. To ensure optimal device performance, these membranes must be of high crystal quality, stoichiometric, and their morphology free from cracks ... ...

    Abstract Freestanding oxide membranes provide a promising path for integrating devices on silicon and flexible platforms. To ensure optimal device performance, these membranes must be of high crystal quality, stoichiometric, and their morphology free from cracks and wrinkles. Often, layers transferred on substrates show wrinkles and cracks due to a lattice relaxation from an epitaxial mismatch. Doping the sacrificial layer of Sr
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-03
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2168935-0
    ISSN 1613-6829 ; 1613-6810
    ISSN (online) 1613-6829
    ISSN 1613-6810
    DOI 10.1002/smll.202310782
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  2. Article ; Online: Inhibition of the acetylcholine-regulated potassium current prevents transient apnea-related atrial arrhythmogenic changes in a porcine model.

    Norup Hertel, Julie / Linz, Benedikt / Isaksen, Jonas / Jerltorp, Kezia / Leonhardt, Caroline / Gottlieb, Lisa / Saljic, Arnela / Jespersen, Thomas / Linz, Dominik

    Heart rhythm

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: More than 50% of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) suffer from sleep disordered breathing (SDB). Obstructive respiratory events contribute to a transient, vagally mediated atrial arrhythmogenic substrate, which is resistant to most ... ...

    Abstract Background: More than 50% of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) suffer from sleep disordered breathing (SDB). Obstructive respiratory events contribute to a transient, vagally mediated atrial arrhythmogenic substrate, which is resistant to most available antiarrhythmic drugs.
    Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pharmacologic inhibition of the G-protein-gated acetylcholine-regulated potassium current (I
    Methods: In 21 pigs, SDB was simulated by applying an intermittent negative upper airway pressure (INAP). AF inducibility and atrial effective refractory periods (aERPs) were determined before and during INAP by an S1S2 atrial pacing-protocol. Pigs were randomized into 3 groups-group 1: vehicle (n = 4); group 2: XAF-1407 (I
    Results: In group 1, INAP shortened aERP (ΔaERP -42.6 ms; P = .004) and transiently increased AF inducibility from 0% to 31%. In group 2, XAF-1407 prolonged aERP by 25.2 ms (P = .005) during normal breathing and prevented INAP-induced aERP shortening (ΔaERP -3.6 ms; P = .3) and AF inducibility. In group 3, INAP transiently shortened aERP during nicotine perfusion (ΔaERP -33.6 ms; P = .004) and increased AF inducibility up to 61%, which both were prevented by XAF-1407.
    Conclusion: Simulated obstructive respiratory events transiently shorten aERP and increase AF inducibility, which can be prevented by the I
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2229357-7
    ISSN 1556-3871 ; 1547-5271
    ISSN (online) 1556-3871
    ISSN 1547-5271
    DOI 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.01.033
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    Zs.A 6278: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Re-evaluating the genotypes of patients with adenomatous polyposis of unknown etiology: a nationwide study.

    Karstensen, John Gásdal / Hansen, Thomas V Overeem / Burisch, Johan / Djursby, Malene / Højen, Helle / Madsen, Majbritt Busk / Jespersen, Niels / Jelsig, Anne Marie

    European journal of human genetics : EJHG

    2024  Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 588–592

    Abstract: In the Danish Polyposis Register, patients with over 100 cumulative colorectal adenomas of unknown genetic etiology, named in this study colorectal polyposis (CP), is registered and treated as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). In this study, we ... ...

    Abstract In the Danish Polyposis Register, patients with over 100 cumulative colorectal adenomas of unknown genetic etiology, named in this study colorectal polyposis (CP), is registered and treated as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). In this study, we performed genetic analyses, including whole genome sequencing (WGS), of all Danish patients registered with CP and estimated the detection rate of pathogenic variants (PV). We identified 231 families in the Polyposis Register, 31 of which had CP. A polyposis-associated gene panel was performed and, if negative, patients were offered WGS and screening for mosaicism in blood and/or adenomas. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out for 27 of the families (four declined). PVs were detected in 11 families, and WGS revealed three additional structural variants in APC. Mosaicism of a PV in APC was detected in two families. As the variant detection rate of eligible families was 60%, 93% of families in the register now have a known genetic etiology.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/genetics ; Female ; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein/genetics ; Male ; Denmark ; Adult ; Genotype ; Middle Aged ; Genetic Testing/methods ; Mosaicism ; Registries
    Chemical Substances Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein ; APC protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1141470-4
    ISSN 1476-5438 ; 1018-4813
    ISSN (online) 1476-5438
    ISSN 1018-4813
    DOI 10.1038/s41431-024-01585-z
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    Zs.A 3589: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Anti-arrhythmic investigations in large animal models of atrial fibrillation.

    Saljic, Arnela / Jespersen, Thomas / Buhl, Rikke

    British journal of pharmacology

    2021  Volume 179, Issue 5, Page(s) 838–858

    Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) constitutes an increasing health problem in the aging population. Animal models reflecting human phenotypes are needed to understand the mechanisms of AF, as well as to test new pharmacological interventions. In recent years, a ... ...

    Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) constitutes an increasing health problem in the aging population. Animal models reflecting human phenotypes are needed to understand the mechanisms of AF, as well as to test new pharmacological interventions. In recent years, a number of large animal models, primarily pigs, goats, dog and horses have been used in AF research. These animals can to a certain extent recapitulate the human pathophysiological characteristics and serve as valuable tools in investigating new pharmacological interventions for treating AF. This review focuses on anti-arrhythmic investigations in large animals. Initially, spontaneous AF in small and large mammals is discussed. This is followed by a short presentation of frequently used methods for inducing short- and long-term AF. The major focus of the review is on anti-arrhythmic compounds either frequently used in the human clinic (ranolazine, flecainide, vernakalant and amiodarone) or being promising new AF medicine candidates (I
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use ; Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy ; Dogs ; Flecainide/pharmacology ; Horses ; Mammals ; Models, Animal ; Ranolazine ; Swine
    Chemical Substances Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; Ranolazine (A6IEZ5M406) ; Flecainide (K94FTS1806)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80081-8
    ISSN 1476-5381 ; 0007-1188
    ISSN (online) 1476-5381
    ISSN 0007-1188
    DOI 10.1111/bph.15417
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  5. Article ; Online: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atrial Fibrillation in Relationship to Alcohol Use and Abuse.

    Linz, Benedikt / Hertel, Julie Norup / Jespersen, Thomas / Linz, Dominik

    The Canadian journal of cardiology

    2022  Volume 38, Issue 9, Page(s) 1352–1363

    Abstract: Excessive drinking has detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system. Atrial fibrillation (AF) after alcohol binge drinking, also named "holiday heart syndrome," is well established. However, chronic lower levels of alcohol intake also may increase AF ...

    Abstract Excessive drinking has detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system. Atrial fibrillation (AF) after alcohol binge drinking, also named "holiday heart syndrome," is well established. However, chronic lower levels of alcohol intake also may increase AF risk. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology by which alcohol may be responsible for AF and discuss whether alcohol abstinence is required for optimal rhythm control as well as to maintain sinus rhythm in patients with AF. The pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for the relationship between alcohol consumption and AF may include both direct and chronic effects increasing AF burden. Acute effects may include arrhythmogenic changes (such as shortening in atrial refractoriness, slowing in conduction velocity, and increased atrial ectopy) and an autonomic imbalance. Chronic changes contributing to the development of an arrhythmogenic substrate involve atrial structural and functional remodelling processes due to atrial dilation, elevated pressures, and fibrosis formation. In addition, alcohol consumption contributes to developing concomitant AF risk factors such as obesity, sleep-disordered breathing, and hypertension. Alcohol abstinence is associated with a reduction in AF recurrence and overall burden and moreover improves AF risk factor development such as obesity, hypertension, sleep apnea, and AF-related consequences such as stroke. In conclusion, alcohol consumption is associated with atrial arrhythmia and a wide range of cardiovascular comorbidities. Although further evidence is needed, current knowledge indicates that there might not be a safe level of alcohol consumption that does not increase AF risk.
    MeSH term(s) Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology ; Atrial Fibrillation/etiology ; Ethanol ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Obesity/complications ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632813-1
    ISSN 1916-7075 ; 0828-282X
    ISSN (online) 1916-7075
    ISSN 0828-282X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.04.009
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    Zs.A 2150: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article: External validation of AIBx, an artificial intelligence model for risk stratification, in thyroid nodules.

    Swan, Kristine Z / Thomas, Johnson / Nielsen, Viveque E / Jespersen, Marie Louise / Bonnema, Steen J

    European thyroid journal

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 2

    Abstract: Background: Artificial intelligence algorithms could be used to risk-stratify thyroid nodules and may reduce the subjectivity of ultrasonography. One such algorithm is AIBx which has shown good performance. However, external validation is crucial prior ... ...

    Abstract Background: Artificial intelligence algorithms could be used to risk-stratify thyroid nodules and may reduce the subjectivity of ultrasonography. One such algorithm is AIBx which has shown good performance. However, external validation is crucial prior to clinical implementation.
    Materials and methods: Patients harboring thyroid nodules 1-4 cm in size, undergoing thyroid surgery from 2014 to 2016 in a single institution, were included. A histological diagnosis was obtained in all cases. Medullary thyroid cancer, metastasis from other cancers, thyroid lymphomas, and purely cystic nodules were excluded. Retrospectively, transverse ultrasound images of the nodules were analyzed by AIBx, and the results were compared with histopathology and Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS), calculated by experienced physicians.
    Results: Out of 329 patients, 257 nodules from 209 individuals met the eligibility criteria. Fifty-one nodules (20%) were malignant. AIBx had a negative predictive value (NPV) of 89.2%. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values (PPV) were 78.4, 44.2, and 25.8%, respectively. Considering both TIRADS 4 and TIRADS 5 nodules as malignant lesions resulted in an NPV of 93.0%, while PPV and specificity were only 22.4 and 19.4%, respectively. By combining AIBx with TIRADS, no malignant nodules were overlooked.
    Conclusion: When applied to ultrasound images obtained in a different setting than used for training, AIBx had comparable NPVs to TIRADS. AIBx performed even better when combined with TIRADS, thus reducing false negative assessments. These data support the concept of AIBx for thyroid nodules, and this tool may help less experienced operators by reducing the subjectivity inherent to thyroid ultrasound interpretation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2659767-6
    ISSN 2235-0802 ; 2235-0640
    ISSN (online) 2235-0802
    ISSN 2235-0640
    DOI 10.1530/ETJ-21-0129
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  7. Article ; Online: Even or skewed dietary protein distribution is reflected in the whole-body protein net-balance in healthy older adults: A randomized controlled trial.

    Agergaard, Jakob / Justesen, Thomas Ehlig Hjermind / Jespersen, Simon Elmer / Tagmose Thomsen, Thomas / Holm, Lars / van Hall, Gerrit

    Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 6, Page(s) 899–908

    Abstract: Background & aim: For older adults, the dietary protein intake has shown to be skewed towards the evening meal. Resultingly, the vital source of essential amino acids could be insufficient after some meals, while after the evening meal the dietary ... ...

    Abstract Background & aim: For older adults, the dietary protein intake has shown to be skewed towards the evening meal. Resultingly, the vital source of essential amino acids could be insufficient after some meals, while after the evening meal the dietary protein could be suboptimally utilized for protein synthesis. The present study explored if an even distribution of the protein intake could improve the dietary amino acid absorption and whole-body protein net-balance.
    Methods: Twenty-four healthy elderly males and females were included in a randomized controlled trial. Ten days of habituation to either an EVEN (n = 12) or SKEWED (n = 12) protein intake, was followed by a trial day. The total protein intake was controlled at 1.5 g/kg LBM, divided into 30% at each main meal in EVEN, and into 15% at breakfast and lunch and 60% at dinner in SKEWED. Snacks with 5% of the protein intake were served between meals. Energy intake in the meals and snacks were equal in both groups. Intrinsically labelled
    Results: Amino acid absorption rates and concentrations were greater in EVEN compared to SKEWED protein intake. Whole-body protein breakdown rates were lower with similar protein synthesis rates, and consequently the net-balance was greater in EVEN after breakfast and lunch compared to SKEWED and were the same in both groups after dinner. Muscle protein FSR were not different between EVEN and SKEWED.
    Conclusions: The whole-body protein net-balance was more positive in EVEN compared to SKEWED for an extended time of the measured period, driven by a lower whole-body protein breakdown in EVEN.
    Clinical trials registration: NCT03870425, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03870425.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Female ; Humans ; Aged ; Dietary Proteins/metabolism ; Diet ; Muscle Proteins/metabolism ; Phenylalanine ; Amino Acids ; Meals
    Chemical Substances Dietary Proteins ; Muscle Proteins ; Phenylalanine (47E5O17Y3R) ; Amino Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604812-2
    ISSN 1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
    ISSN (online) 1532-1983
    ISSN 0261-5614
    DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.04.004
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    Zs.A 1774: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  8. Article: The gut microbial-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide: A missing link between lifestyle-components and atrial fibrillation?

    Gawałko, Monika / Jespersen, Thomas / Dobrev, Dobromir / Linz, Dominik

    International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature

    2020  Volume 29, Page(s) 100581

    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-23
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2818464-6
    ISSN 2352-9067
    ISSN 2352-9067
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100581
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  9. Article ; Online: Time matters: characterization of fibroblast-like cells harvested from pig profundus tendon stored at room temperature at different postmortem time intervals.

    Ozhathil, Lijo Cherian / Chen, Yingying / Nissen, Sarah Dalgas / Banner, Jytte / Tfelt-Hansen, Jacob / Jespersen, Thomas

    In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal

    2022  Volume 58, Issue 8, Page(s) 633–637

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Fibroblasts ; Swine ; Temperature ; Tendons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1077810-x
    ISSN 1543-706X ; 0883-8364 ; 1071-2690
    ISSN (online) 1543-706X
    ISSN 0883-8364 ; 1071-2690
    DOI 10.1007/s11626-022-00712-8
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    Zs.A 851: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: InAs/MoRe Hybrid Semiconductor/Superconductor Nanowire Devices.

    Kousar, Bilal / Carrad, Damon J / Stampfer, Lukas / Krogstrup, Peter / Nygård, Jesper / Jespersen, Thomas S

    Nano letters

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 22, Page(s) 8845–8851

    Abstract: Implementing superconductors capable of proximity-inducing a large energy gap in semiconductors in the presence of strong magnetic fields is a major goal toward applications of semiconductor/superconductor hybrid materials in future quantum information ... ...

    Abstract Implementing superconductors capable of proximity-inducing a large energy gap in semiconductors in the presence of strong magnetic fields is a major goal toward applications of semiconductor/superconductor hybrid materials in future quantum information technologies. Here, we study the performance of devices consisting of InAs nanowires in electrical contact with molybdenum-rhenium (MoRe) superconducting alloys. The MoRe thin films exhibit transition temperatures of ∼10 K and critical fields exceeding 6 T. Normal/superconductor devices enabled tunnel spectroscopy of the corresponding induced superconductivity, which was maintained up to ∼10 K, and MoRe-based Josephson devices exhibited supercurrents and multiple Andreev reflections. We determine an induced superconducting gap lower than expected from the transition temperature and observe gap softening at finite magnetic field. These may be common features for hybrids based on large-gap, type II superconductors. The results encourage further development of MoRe-based hybrids.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1530-6992
    ISSN (online) 1530-6992
    DOI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02532
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