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  1. Book: The Uruguay Round agreement on agriculture and processed agricultural products

    Eiríkur Bergmann Einarsson

    1997  

    Author's details [this report was written by Eirikur Einarsson ...]
    Keywords GATT 1994 ; Weltlandwirtschaft ; Agrarweltmarkt ; Agrarwelthandel ; Agrarprodukt
    Subject Landwirtschaftliches Erzeugnis ; Landwirtschaftliches Produkt ; Agrarprodukte ; Weltagrarhandel ; Agrarprodukt ; Weltagrarmarkt ; Internationale Landwirtschaft
    Language English
    Size 117 S. : graph. Darst.
    Publisher Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
    Publishing place Paris
    Publishing country France
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT007840519
    ISBN 92-64-15580-5 ; 978-92-64-15580-0
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    988/3137 available for loan (reading room) Freihandmagazin (U1)

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  2. Article ; Online: Populism in Iceland

    Eiríkur Bergmann

    Stjórnmál og Stjórnsýsla, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 33-

    Has the Progressive Party turned populist?

    2015  Volume 54

    Abstract: Though nationalism has always been strong in Iceland, populist political parties did not emerge as a viable force until after the financial crisis of 2008. On wave of the crisis a completely renewed leadership took over the country’s old agrarian party, ... ...

    Abstract Though nationalism has always been strong in Iceland, populist political parties did not emerge as a viable force until after the financial crisis of 2008. On wave of the crisis a completely renewed leadership took over the country’s old agrarian party, the Progressive Party (PP), which was rapidly transformed in a more populist direction. Still the PP is perhaps more firmly nationalist than populist. However, when analyzing communicational changes of the new postcrisis leadership it is unavoidable to categorize the party amongst at least the softer version of European populist parties, perhaps closest to the Norwegian Progress Party.
    Keywords Populism ; Progressive Party ; Framsóknarflokkurinn ; Iceland ; Political institutions and public administration (General) ; JF20-2112 ; Political science (General) ; JA1-92
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of Iceland
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Introduction: The Rise of Nativist Populism

    Bergmann, Eirikur

    Neo-Nationalism

    Abstract: The book offers a novel way of framing three waves of nativist populism in the post-war era, each examined in separate chapter. Each wave occurred in the wake of crisis or major social change, and each grew stronger than the one before. All are ... ...

    Abstract The book offers a novel way of framing three waves of nativist populism in the post-war era, each examined in separate chapter. Each wave occurred in the wake of crisis or major social change, and each grew stronger than the one before. All are identifiable by their own qualities and characteristics, which here are analysed. The first wave arose in the wake of the Oil Crisis of the early 1970s and the second after the collapse of communism. The third wave rose most clearly in opposition to migration—mainly against Muslims settling in the West. This introductory chapter sets the stage for the study at hand, which is to map the rebirth of nationalism in Europe and America since the Second World War, which has taken on a populist form. The chapter lays the foundation for the book’s main investigation into how contemporary nativist populism has travelled in waves, and risen on the canopies of crises.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-41773-4_1
    Database COVID19

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  4. Article ; Online: The Second Wave: The Collapse of Communism and 9/11

    Bergmann, Eirikur

    Neo-Nationalism

    Abstract: This chapter examines the second wave of nativist populism in the post-war era, which grew out of resentment in Western Europe against workers from the Eastern regions of the continent flocking over the former Iron Curtain after the collapse of the ... ...

    Abstract This chapter examines the second wave of nativist populism in the post-war era, which grew out of resentment in Western Europe against workers from the Eastern regions of the continent flocking over the former Iron Curtain after the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989. A spike within this wave occurred in the wake of the terrorist attacks in the US on 11 September 2001. The nature of the nationalism introduced in the second wave was somewhat different to that of the previously discussed agrarian populism or the anti-tax neo-liberal populism in the early 1970s. Rather than primarily referring to the social-economic situation of the ordinary people the emphasis moved over to a socio-cultural notion of our people. Although xenophobia and ethno-nationalism was surely a significant part of the populist message from the outset that sort of rhetoric rose much more clearly to the forefront in the second wave.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-41773-4_4
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article ; Online: Understanding Nativist Populism

    Bergmann, Eirikur

    Neo-Nationalism

    Abstract: This chapter discusses the main contribution of this study, which is in separating nativist populism from other kinds within the populist family. The convergence of nativism and populism has turned into a separate Neo-Nationalism spreading across Europe ... ...

    Abstract This chapter discusses the main contribution of this study, which is in separating nativist populism from other kinds within the populist family. The convergence of nativism and populism has turned into a separate Neo-Nationalism spreading across Europe and America. In mapping their historical evolution through three waves and identifying common qualities, the book provides context for studying the rise of nativist populists. This chapter lays out how Neo-Nationalism of contemporary nativist populists should be understood. It identifies a winning formula of nativist populists, the dual process of instating fear and scapegoating. The chapter discusses discursive manipulations and structural inequities in the rhetoric of contemporary nativist populists. The surge of populist politics examined in this book has brought back the importance of dialectic observation, examining populism as countering mainstream politics. Another contribution here is in identifying a threefold claim which nativist populists put forth in their support of the people.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-41773-4_2
    Database COVID19

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  6. Article ; Online: The Third Wave: The International Financial Crisis and Refugees

    Bergmann, Eirikur

    Neo-Nationalism

    Abstract: This chapter examines the third wave of nativist populism in the post-war era, which began to brew in the wake of the International Financial Crisis starting in 2008. A fundamental shift occurred in the third wave with the Refugee Crisis heightening in ... ...

    Abstract This chapter examines the third wave of nativist populism in the post-war era, which began to brew in the wake of the International Financial Crisis starting in 2008. A fundamental shift occurred in the third wave with the Refugee Crisis heightening in 2015. Nativist populism spread further into the mainstream in European and American politics than ever before, for instance bringing Brexit to the UK, Donald Trump to power in America and Marine Le Pen qualifying to the second round in the presidential elections in France. Indeed, this was a brand-new world. The four largest democracies in the world—Brazil, Indonesia and India in addition to the US—were all governed by politicians often labelled as being populist. With the Coronavirus Crisis of 2020 nationalist sentiments were hightening again. Whichever way we attempt to slice this trend, the third wave brought a fundamental shift in the evolution of nativist populism and came to constitute a clear trend of Neo-Nationalism spreading across Europe, America and elsewhere.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-41773-4_5
    Database COVID19

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  7. Article ; Online: Conclusions: The Neo-Nationalist Order

    Bergmann, Eirikur

    Neo-Nationalism

    Abstract: This closing chapter traces the progression of nativist populism over these three waves, constituting a rise of contemporary Neo-Nationalism, which largely is defining our times. This trend culminated when three torrents coincided at a common confluence, ...

    Abstract This closing chapter traces the progression of nativist populism over these three waves, constituting a rise of contemporary Neo-Nationalism, which largely is defining our times. This trend culminated when three torrents coincided at a common confluence, fusing into a single channel of much greater velocity: the surge of populist politics, the spread of conspiracy theories and the avalanche of misinformation boosted by changes in the media. Nativist populist leaders in the new digital media environment were able to spread conspiracy theories and misinformation much further than before, crafting an especially successful recipe for undermining the political establishment. In essence, this book provides a broad overview of modern political history in Europe and in America. It covers some of the most contested phenomena in contemporary politics, focusing on nationalism, populism and right-wing extremism. Perhaps most vitally the book documents a turn away from liberal democracy established in the post-war era, and towards more authoritative illiberal modes of democracy.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-41773-4_6
    Database COVID19

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  8. Article ; Online: The Icesave Dispute

    Eirikur Bergmann

    Nordicum-Mediterraneum, Vol 12, Iss 1, p A

    A Case Study into the Crisis of Diplomacy during the Credit Crunch

    2017  Volume 1

    Abstract: The Icesave dispute Iceland fought with governments of the UK and the Netherlands revealed inherent weaknesses in the European financial system. Bringing forward tensions between public and private law and falling outside the framework of traditionally ... ...

    Abstract The Icesave dispute Iceland fought with governments of the UK and the Netherlands revealed inherent weaknesses in the European financial system. Bringing forward tensions between public and private law and falling outside the framework of traditionally neatly compartmentalized law the ambiguity of responsibilities was testing understandings and interpretations of international relations. The paper explores how larger and more powerful countries were politically able to pressure a much smaller state in time of crisis into abiding to their own interpretation of international law and in doing so rallying behind them support of international organizations like the EU and the IMF. In January 2013 the EFTA Court finally ruled on the issue, vindicating Iceland of wrongdoing and refusing the UK’s, the Netherland’s and the EU’s claims. Studying the Icesave dispute contributes to understandings of production of international legality trough practices and contested interpretations in the international realm.
    Keywords credit crunch ; crisis ; EU ; Eurocrisis ; Iceland ; Icesave ; international law ; legality ; Netherlands ; UK ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99 ; Human ecology. Anthropogeography ; GF1-900
    Subject code 340
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher The University of Akureyri
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Book: Iceland and the international financial crisis

    Eiríkur Bergmann Einarsson

    boom, bust and recovery

    (International political economy series)

    2014  

    Author's details Eirikur Bergmann
    Series title International political economy series
    Keywords Finanzkrise ; Wirtschaftskrise ; Wirtschaftslage ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Island
    Language English
    Size XIII, 211 S.
    Publisher Palgrave Macmillan
    Publishing place Basingstoke, Hampshire u.a.
    Document type Book
    Note Literaturverz. S. [194] -203, Index
    ISBN 1137331992 ; 9781137331991
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  10. Article ; Online: Sense of Sovereignty. How national sentiments have influenced Iceland‘s European policy

    Eiríkur Bergmann

    Stjórnmál og Stjórnsýsla, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 203-

    2009  Volume 224

    Abstract: This paper asks why Iceland had until July 2009 chosen to participate in the European project through the EEA and Schengen agreements but not with full membership in the EU. It analyses if and how ideas on the Icelandic nation and its sovereignty affects ...

    Abstract This paper asks why Iceland had until July 2009 chosen to participate in the European project through the EEA and Schengen agreements but not with full membership in the EU. It analyses if and how ideas on the Icelandic nation and its sovereignty affects the stance Icelandic politicians have taken towards the European project. Icelanders’ struggle for independence in the 19th century created a special kind of nationalism which gives prominence to the sovereignty of the nation as a whole. Economically, however, Iceland feels the same need as other European states to participate in European co-operation, which can explain its membership in the EEA. The agreement brings Iceland into the European single market, but at a cost: Iceland has de-facto agreed to adopt the EU’s legislation within the boundaries of the agreement, and thus a transfer of decision making and domestic governmental power to the EU. This dilemma, between economic interests on the one hand and ideas on the sovereignty of the Icelandic nation on the other, has created a kind of a rift between the emphasis on the free and sovereign nation and the reality Iceland is faced with in the co-operation. The inheritance of the independent struggle still directs the discourse Icelandic politicians use in the debate on Europe. A strong emphasis on sovereignty has become the foundation on which Icelandic politics rests. Participation in EU’s supra-national institutions falls, in a way, outside the framework of Icelandic political discourse, which highlights Iceland’s sovereignty and stresses an everlasting independence struggle.
    Keywords Political institutions and public administration (General) ; JF20-2112 ; Political science (General) ; JA1-92
    Subject code 320
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of Iceland
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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