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Article ; Online: Another Call for Widespread Human Papillomavirus Vaccination.

Ellsworth, Grant B / Wilkin, Timothy J

2019 Volume 222, Issue 2, Page(s) 171–172

MeSH term(s)	Alphapapillomavirus ; HIV ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Prevalence ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Papillomavirus Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1093/infdis/jiz426
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Article ; Online: The Uncertain Role of Corticosteroids in the Treatment of COVID-19.

Ellsworth, Grant B / Glesby, Marshall J / Gulick, Roy M

JAMA internal medicine

2020 Volume 181, Issue 1, Page(s) 140

MeSH term(s)	Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; COVID-19 ; China ; Humans ; Pneumonia ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2699338-7
ISSN	2168-6114 ; 2168-6106
ISSN (online)	2168-6114
ISSN	2168-6106
DOI	10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2444
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Article: The Uncertain Role of Corticosteroids in the Treatment of COVID-19

Ellsworth, Grant B / Glesby, Marshall J / Gulick, Roy M

JAMA intern. med. (Print)

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #693011
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The Uncertain Role of Corticosteroids in the Treatment of COVID-19

Ellsworth, Grant B. / Glesby, Marshall J. / Gulick, Roy M.

JAMA Internal Medicine ; ISSN 2168-6106

2020

Keywords	Internal Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	American Medical Association (AMA)
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2444
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Article ; Online: An Updated Systematic Review of Human Papillomavirus Genotype Distribution by Cervical Disease Grade in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Highlights Limited Findings From Latin America.

Dickey, Brittney L / Coghill, Anna E / Ellsworth, Grant B / Wilkin, Timothy J / Villa, Luisa L / Giuliano, Anna R

Sexually transmitted diseases

2021 Volume 48, Issue 12, Page(s) e248–e254

Abstract: Abstract: Cervical cancer is 5 times more likely among women living with human immunodeficiency virus (WHIV), likely due to higher prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV). Despite evidence of higher rates with multiple HPV genotypes in WHIV, there are ... ...

Abstract	Abstract: Cervical cancer is 5 times more likely among women living with human immunodeficiency virus (WHIV), likely due to higher prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV). Despite evidence of higher rates with multiple HPV genotypes in WHIV, there are no recommendations for triage by HPV genotyping specific to WHIV. In Latin America/Caribbean rates are high and vary significantly. To guide optimization of HPV-based cervical cancer screening among WHIV in Latin America/Caribbean, review of current literature was completed to assess HPV genotype distribution by cervical disease grade in WHIV in this region; and further expanded globally for comparison across regions.A systematic review of the literature from June 2016 to January 2020 revealed 15 studies reporting human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution by cervical disease state (normal, low-grade disease, high-grade disease, and invasive cervical cancer) across different global regions.Across all studies, there were 6928 WHIV from 4 global regions, 3952 of whom were HPV-positive. Three studies from Latin America/Caribbean (LAC) countries were reviewed, with 1 providing enough detail to describe HPV genotypes by cervical disease grade and identified types 31 and 35 in high-grade cervical lesions. Of the studies included, 4 from Africa and Europe/North America each, and 1 from Asia included data that were able to be summarized.Latin America, a region which experiences high rates of HPV, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and cervical disease, had few published studies reporting HPV genotypes by cervical disease grade, with 1 reporting individual HPV genotype and specific cervical disease grade. Identifying HPV types associated with CIN2+ in WHIV in this region has the potential to improve screening and treatment for cervical cancer prevention and should be the focus of future research.
MeSH term(s)	Alphapapillomavirus ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Genotype ; HIV ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Latin America/epidemiology ; Papillomaviridae/genetics ; Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	435191-5
ISSN	1537-4521 ; 0148-5717
ISSN (online)	1537-4521
ISSN	0148-5717
DOI	10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001412
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Article: Sex Differences in CMV Replication and HIV Persistence During Suppressive ART.

Gianella, Sara / Tran, Sarah McDonald / Morris, Sheldon / Vargas, Millie / Porrachia, Magali / Oliveira, Michelli F / Lada, Steve / Zhao, Mitchell / Ellsworth, Grant B / Mathad, Jyoti S / Wilkin, Timothy

Open forum infectious diseases

2020 Volume 7, Issue 8, Page(s) ofaa289

Abstract: Background: The association between subclinical cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication and HIV persistence has not been investigated in cis-gender women with HIV.: Methods: Fifty virologically suppressed female participants with HIV were prospectively ... ...

Abstract	Background: The association between subclinical cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication and HIV persistence has not been investigated in cis-gender women with HIV. Methods: Fifty virologically suppressed female participants with HIV were prospectively enrolled and provided oral, vaginal, and urine samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells at 1 cross-sectional time point. CMV DNA was quantified in each specimen by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cellular HIV DNA and HIV RNA transcripts (unspliced and multiply spliced [ms] encoding tat-rev) were quantified by droplet digital (dd) PCR in peripheral blood cells. Forty-nine male individuals with HIV and CMV (historical data) were used as controls. Results: Levels of cellular HIV DNA and unspliced HIV RNA were not different between sexes, but female participants had less detectable msHIV RNA and CMV DNA compared with males (both Conclusions: Female participants with HIV had reduced cellular HIV RNA and less subclinical CMV DNA compared with males but overall similar HIV DNA levels in our study. Postmenopausal status was independently associated with higher HIV DNA levels among female participants.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2757767-3
ISSN	2328-8957
ISSN	2328-8957
DOI	10.1093/ofid/ofaa289
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Article ; Online: Blood component utilization in COVID-19 patients in New York City: Transfusions do not follow the curve.

DeSimone, Robert A / Costa, Victoria A / Kane, Kathleen / Sepulveda, Jorge L / Ellsworth, Grant B / Gulick, Roy M / Zucker, Jason / Sobieszcyk, Magdalena E / Schwartz, Joseph / Cushing, Melissa M

Transfusion

2020 Volume 61, Issue 3, Page(s) 692–698

Abstract: Background: Blood suppliers and transfusion services have worked diligently to maintain an adequate blood supply during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our experience has shown that some COVID-19 inpatients require transfusion support; understanding this need is ...

Abstract	Background: Blood suppliers and transfusion services have worked diligently to maintain an adequate blood supply during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our experience has shown that some COVID-19 inpatients require transfusion support; understanding this need is critical to blood product inventory management. Study design and methods: Hospital-wide and COVID-19 specific inpatient blood product utilization data were collected retrospectively for our network's two tertiary academic medical centers over a 9-week period (March 1, 2020-May 2, 2020), when most inpatients had COVID-19. Utilization data were merged with a COVID-19 patient database to investigate clinical demographic characteristics of transfused COVID-19 inpatients relative to non-transfused ones. Results: Overall, 11 041 COVID-19 patients were admitted and 364 received blood product transfusions for an overall transfusion rate of 3.3%. COVID-19 patients received 1746 blood components in total, the majority of which were red blood cells. COVID-19 patients' weekly transfusion rate increased as the pandemic progressed, possibly reflecting their increased severity of illness. Transfusion was significantly associated with several indicators of severe disease, including mortality, intubation, thrombosis, longer hospital admission, lower hemoglobin and platelet nadirs, and longer prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times. As the pandemic progressed, institutional adherence to transfusion guidelines improved for RBC transfusions compared to prior year trends but did not improve for platelets or plasma. Conclusion: There is a need to closely monitor the blood product inventory and demand throughout the COVID-19 pandemic as patients' transfusion needs may increase over time. Daily or weekly trending of patients' clinical status and laboratory values may assist blood banks in inventory management.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Component Transfusion/trends ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/therapy ; COVID-19 Testing ; Critical Illness ; Facilities and Services Utilization/trends ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needs Assessment ; New York City/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	208417-x
ISSN	1537-2995 ; 0041-1132
ISSN (online)	1537-2995
ISSN	0041-1132
DOI	10.1111/trf.16202
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Article ; Online: Randomized Pilot Study of an Advanced Smart-Pill Bottle as an Adherence Intervention in Patients With HIV on Antiretroviral Treatment.

Ellsworth, Grant B / Burke, Leah A / Wells, Martin T / Mishra, Satish / Caffrey, Matthew / Liddle, David / Madhava, Malika / O'Neal, Curtis / Anderson, Peter L / Bushman, Lane / Ellison, Lucas / Stein, Josh / Gulick, Roy M

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

2020 Volume 86, Issue 1, Page(s) 73–80

Abstract: Background: Adherence is critical to achieve the benefits of antiretroviral therapy. A smart-pill bottle service that transmits real-time adherence data via cellular networks to a central service and prompts nonadherent patients with phone or text ... ...

Abstract	Background: Adherence is critical to achieve the benefits of antiretroviral therapy. A smart-pill bottle service that transmits real-time adherence data via cellular networks to a central service and prompts nonadherent patients with phone or text messages may improve adherence. Methods: Adults with HIV taking a tenofovir-containing regimen with suboptimal adherence were randomized to adherence counseling ± a smart-pill bottle service for 12 weeks. Tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) levels by dried blood spot, HIV RNA levels, CD4 cell counts, and self-reported adherence were collected. Results: Sixty-three participants (22% women; 48% black, 25% Latino) were randomized: 30 to the smart-pill bottle (2 of whom were lost to follow-up before the baseline visit), and 33 to control arms. At baseline, 49% of participants had HIV RNA ≤20 copies/mL and 61% reported 100% adherence with ART over 4 days. From baseline to week 12, median TFV-DP levels were +252 and -41 fmol/punch in the bottle and control arms, respectively (P = 0.10). Exploratory exclusion of 3 participants with known or suspected drug-drug interactions found median TFV-DP levels of +278 and -38 fmol/punch, respectively (P = 0.04). There were no differences in study discontinuations, HIV RNA suppression, CD4 cell counts, or self-reported adherence at week 12. Conclusions: In a diverse group of participants with suboptimal adherence to ART, the smart-pill bottle service was associated with higher TFV-DP levels.
MeSH term(s)	Adenine/analogs & derivatives ; Adenine/therapeutic use ; Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphates/pharmacology ; Organophosphates/therapeutic use ; Pilot Projects ; Tenofovir/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents ; Anti-Retroviral Agents ; Organophosphates ; tenofovir diphosphate ; Tenofovir (99YXE507IL) ; Adenine (JAC85A2161)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645053-2
ISSN	1944-7884 ; 1077-9450 ; 0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
ISSN (online)	1944-7884 ; 1077-9450
ISSN	0897-5965 ; 0894-9255 ; 1525-4135
DOI	10.1097/QAI.0000000000002519
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Article ; Online: Sex Differences in Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Systemic Immune Activation/Inflammation Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States.

Zanni, Markella V / Foldyna, Borek / McCallum, Sara / Burdo, Tricia H / Looby, Sara E / Fitch, Kathleen V / Fulda, Evelynne S / Autissier, Patrick / Bloomfield, Gerald S / Malvestutto, Carlos D / Fichtenbaum, Carl J / Overton, Edgar T / Aberg, Judith A / Erlandson, Kristine M / Campbell, Thomas B / Ellsworth, Grant B / Sheth, Anandi N / Taiwo, Babafemi / Currier, Judith S /

Hoffmann, Udo / Lu, Michael T / Douglas, Pamela S / Ribaudo, Heather J / Grinspoon, Steven K

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2022 Volume 76, Issue 2, Page(s) 323–334

Abstract: Background: Among people with HIV (PWH), sex differences in presentations of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) may be influenced by differences in coronary plaque parameters, immune/inflammatory biomarkers, or relationships therein.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Among people with HIV (PWH), sex differences in presentations of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) may be influenced by differences in coronary plaque parameters, immune/inflammatory biomarkers, or relationships therein. Methods: REPRIEVE, a primary ASCVD prevention trial, enrolled antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated PWH. At entry, a subset of US participants underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and immune phenotyping (n = 755 CTA; n = 725 CTA + immune). We characterized sex differences in coronary plaque and immune/inflammatory biomarkers and compared immune-plaque relationships by sex. Unless noted otherwise, analyses adjust for ASCVD risk score. Results: The primary analysis cohort included 631 males and 124 females. ASCVD risk was higher among males (median: 4.9% vs 2.1%), while obesity rates were higher among females (48% vs 21%). Prevalence of any plaque and of plaque with either ≥1 visible noncalcified portion or vulnerable features (NC/V-P) was lower among females overall and controlling for relevant risk factors (RR [95% CI] for any plaque: .67 [.50, .92]; RR for NC/V-P: .71 [.51, 1.00] [adjusted for ASCVD risk score and body mass index]). Females showed higher levels of IL-6, hs-CRP, and D-dimer and lower levels of Lp-PLA2 (P < .001 for all). Higher levels of Lp-PLA2, MCP-1, and oxLDL were associated with higher plaque (P < .02) and NC/V-P prevalence, with no differences by sex. Among females but not males, D-dimer was associated with higher prevalence of NC/V-P (interaction P = .055). Conclusions: Among US PWH, females had a lower prevalence of plaque and NC/V-P, as well as differences in key immune/inflammatory biomarkers. Immune-plaque relationships differed by sex for D-dimer but not other tested parameters. Clinical Trial Registration. ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier: NCT0234429 (date of initial registration: 22 January 2015).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Male ; United States/epidemiology ; HIV ; Sex Characteristics ; 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase ; Atherosclerosis/epidemiology ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/complications ; Risk Factors ; Inflammation/complications ; Biomarkers ; Coronary Artery Disease/complications ; Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase (EC 3.1.1.47) ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciac767
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Article ; Online: SARS CoV-2 mRNA vaccination exposes latent HIV to Nef-specific CD8

Stevenson, Eva M / Terry, Sandra / Copertino, Dennis / Leyre, Louise / Danesh, Ali / Weiler, Jared / Ward, Adam R / Khadka, Pragya / McNeil, Evan / Bernard, Kevin / Miller, Itzayana G / Ellsworth, Grant B / Johnston, Carrie D / Finkelsztein, Eli J / Zumbo, Paul / Betel, Doron / Dündar, Friederike / Duncan, Maggie C / Lapointe, Hope R /

Speckmaier, Sarah / Moran-Garcia, Nadia / Papa, Michelle Premazzi / Nicholes, Samuel / Stover, Carissa J / Lynch, Rebecca M / Caskey, Marina / Gaebler, Christian / Chun, Tae-Wook / Bosque, Alberto / Wilkin, Timothy J / Lee, Guinevere Q / Brumme, Zabrina L / Jones, R Brad

Nature communications

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 4888

Abstract: Efforts to cure HIV have focused on reactivating latent proviruses to enable elimination by ... ...

Abstract	Efforts to cure HIV have focused on reactivating latent proviruses to enable elimination by CD8
MeSH term(s)	BNT162 Vaccine ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/virology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Granzymes ; HIV Infections/immunology ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/therapeutic use ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; Virus Latency ; mRNA Vaccines ; nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; RNA, Messenger ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines ; nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ; nef protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 ; nef protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2 ; Granzymes (EC 3.4.21.-) ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-022-32376-z
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