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Article ; Online: How to plan and manage an individual participant data meta-analysis. An illustrative toolkit.

Maxwell, Lauren / Shreedhar, Priya / Carabali, Mabel / Levis, Brooke

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 166–174

Abstract: Individual participant data meta-analyses (IPD-MAs) have several benefits over standard aggregate data meta-analyses, including the consideration of additional participants, follow-up time, and the joint consideration of study- and participant-level ... ...

Abstract	Individual participant data meta-analyses (IPD-MAs) have several benefits over standard aggregate data meta-analyses, including the consideration of additional participants, follow-up time, and the joint consideration of study- and participant-level heterogeneity for improved diagnostic and prognostic model development and evaluation. However, IPD-MAs are resource-intensive and require careful budgeting of time from data contributing groups, a dedicated management team, diversity of expertise, clearly documented data sharing and authorship agreements, and consistent and clear communication. We present a toolkit to facilitate the implementation and management of IPD-MAs, from study recruitment to retrospective harmonization. The toolkit was developed and refined over our work on multiple multinational IPD-MA projects over the last 13 years. The toolkit's budget and email templates, agreements, project management spreadsheets, and standard operating procedures are meant to facilitate routine IPD-MA tasks to expedite implementing and managing future IPD-MA projects.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Information Dissemination
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2548499-0
ISSN	1759-2887 ; 1759-2879
ISSN (online)	1759-2887
ISSN	1759-2879
DOI	10.1002/jrsm.1670
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Characterizing Trends in the Use of Food Donations and Other Food-Related Community-Based Social Assistance Programs in a Cohort of New Food Bank Users in Quebec, Canada.

Pérez, Elsury Johanna / Carabali, Mabel / Mercille, Geneviève / Sylvestre, Marie-Pierre / Roncarolo, Federico / Potvin, Louise

International journal of public health

2024 Volume 69, Page(s) 1605833

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Quebec ; Bayes Theorem ; Canada ; Food Assistance ; Fruit
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2274130-6
ISSN	1661-8564 ; 1661-8556
ISSN (online)	1661-8564
ISSN	1661-8556
DOI	10.3389/ijph.2024.1605833
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Article ; Online: Bias-interpretability Trade-offs in Vaccine Effectiveness Studies Using Test-negative or Cohort Designs.

Schnitzer, Mireille E / Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar / Carabali, Mabel / Talbot, Denis

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)

2023 Volume 35, Issue 2, Page(s) 150–153

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Vaccine Efficacy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1053263-8
ISSN	1531-5487 ; 1044-3983
ISSN (online)	1531-5487
ISSN	1044-3983
DOI	10.1097/EDE.0000000000001708
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Article ; Online: Heterogeneity of Zika virus exposure and outcome ascertainment across cohorts of pregnant women, their infants and their children: a metadata survey.

Carabali, Mabel / Maxwell, Lauren / Levis, Brooke / Shreedhar, Priya

BMJ open

2022 Volume 12, Issue 11, Page(s) e064362

Abstract: Objectives: To support the Zika virus (ZIKV) Individual Participant Data (IPD) Consortium's efforts to harmonise and analyse IPD from ZIKV-related prospective cohort studies and surveillance-based studies of pregnant women and their infants and children; ...

Abstract	Objectives: To support the Zika virus (ZIKV) Individual Participant Data (IPD) Consortium's efforts to harmonise and analyse IPD from ZIKV-related prospective cohort studies and surveillance-based studies of pregnant women and their infants and children; we developed and disseminated a metadata survey among ZIKV-IPD Meta-Analysis (MA) study participants to identify and provide a comprehensive overview of study-level heterogeneity in exposure, outcome and covariate ascertainment and definitions. Setting: Cohort and surveillance studies that measured ZIKV infection during pregnancy or at birth and measured fetal, infant, or child outcomes were identified through a systematic search and consultations with ZIKV researchers and Ministries of Health from 20 countries or territories. Participants: Fifty-four cohort or active surveillance studies shared deidentified data for the IPD-MA and completed the metadata survey, representing 33 061 women (11 020 with ZIKV) and 18 281 children. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Study-level heterogeneity in exposure, outcome and covariate ascertainment and definitions. Results: Median study sample size was 268 (IQR=100, 698). Inclusion criteria, follow-up procedures and exposure and outcome ascertainment were highly heterogenous, differing meaningfully across regions and multisite studies. Enrolment duration and follow-up for children after birth varied before and after the declaration of the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) and according to the type of funding received. Conclusion: This work highlights the logistic and statistical challenges that must be addressed to account for the multiple sources of within-study and between-study heterogeneity when conducting IPD-MAs of data collected in the research response to emergent pathogens like ZIKV.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Metadata ; Parturition ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology ; Pregnant Women ; Prospective Studies ; Zika Virus ; Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology ; Zika Virus Infection/complications ; Meta-Analysis as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064362
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A joint spatial marked point process model for dengue and severe dengue in Medellin, Colombia.

Carabali, Mabel / Schmidt, Alexandra M / Restrepo, Berta N / Kaufman, Jay S

Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology

2022 Volume 41, Page(s) 100495

Abstract: The spatial distribution of surveillance-reported dengue cases and severity are usually analyzed separately, assuming independence between the spatial distribution of non-severe and severe cases. Given the availability of data for the individual geo- ... ...

Abstract	The spatial distribution of surveillance-reported dengue cases and severity are usually analyzed separately, assuming independence between the spatial distribution of non-severe and severe cases. Given the availability of data for the individual geo-location of surveillance-notified dengue cases, we conducted a spatial analysis to model non-severe and severe dengue simultaneously, using a hierarchical Bayesian model. We fit a joint model to the spatial pattern formed by dengue cases as well as to the severity status of the cases. Results showed that age and socioeconomic status were associated with dengue presence, and there was evidence of clustering for overall cases but not for severity. Our findings inform decision making to address the preparedness or implementation of dengue control strategies at the local level.
MeSH term(s)	Bayes Theorem ; Colombia/epidemiology ; Dengue/epidemiology ; Dengue/prevention & control ; Humans ; Severe Dengue
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-03
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2515896-X
ISSN	1877-5853 ; 1877-5845
ISSN (online)	1877-5853
ISSN	1877-5845
DOI	10.1016/j.sste.2022.100495
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Article ; Online: Overlapping research efforts in a global pandemic: a rapid systematic review of COVID-19-related individual participant data meta-analyses.

Maxwell, Lauren / Shreedhar, Priya / Levis, Brooke / Chavan, Sayali Arvind / Akter, Shaila / Carabali, Mabel

BMC health services research

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 735

Abstract: Background: Individual participant data meta-analyses (IPD-MAs), which involve harmonising and analysing participant-level data from related studies, provide several advantages over aggregate data meta-analyses, which pool study-level findings. IPD-MAs ... ...

Abstract	Background: Individual participant data meta-analyses (IPD-MAs), which involve harmonising and analysing participant-level data from related studies, provide several advantages over aggregate data meta-analyses, which pool study-level findings. IPD-MAs are especially important for building and evaluating diagnostic and prognostic models, making them an important tool for informing the research and public health responses to COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a rapid systematic review of protocols and publications from planned, ongoing, or completed COVID-19-related IPD-MAs to identify areas of overlap and maximise data request and harmonisation efforts. We searched four databases using a combination of text and MeSH terms. Two independent reviewers determined eligibility at the title-abstract and full-text stages. Data were extracted by one reviewer into a pretested data extraction form and subsequently reviewed by a second reviewer. Data were analysed using a narrative synthesis approach. A formal risk of bias assessment was not conducted. Results: We identified 31 COVID-19-related IPD-MAs, including five living IPD-MAs and ten IPD-MAs that limited their inference to published data (e.g., case reports). We found overlap in study designs, populations, exposures, and outcomes of interest. For example, 26 IPD-MAs included RCTs; 17 IPD-MAs were limited to hospitalised patients. Sixteen IPD-MAs focused on evaluating medical treatments, including six IPD-MAs for antivirals, four on antibodies, and two that evaluated convalescent plasma. Conclusions: Collaboration across related IPD-MAs can leverage limited resources and expertise by expediting the creation of cross-study participant-level data datasets, which can, in turn, fast-track evidence synthesis for the improved diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. Trial registration: 10.17605/OSF.IO/93GF2.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 Serotherapy ; Prognosis ; Publications
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050434-2
ISSN	1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
ISSN	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-023-09726-8
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Article ; Online: Dengue, Severity Paradox, and Socioeconomic Distribution Among Afro-Colombians.

Carabali, Mabel / Maheu-Giroux, Mathieu / Kaufman, Jay S

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)

2021 Volume 32, Issue 4, Page(s) 541–550

Abstract: Background: The clinical presentation of dengue ranges from self-limited mild illness to severe forms, including death. African ancestry is often described as protective against dengue severity. However, in the Latin American context, African ancestry ... ...

Abstract	Background: The clinical presentation of dengue ranges from self-limited mild illness to severe forms, including death. African ancestry is often described as protective against dengue severity. However, in the Latin American context, African ancestry has been associated with increased mortality. This "severity paradox" has been hypothesized as resulting from confounding or heterogeneity by socioeconomic status (SES). However, few systematic analyses have been conducted to investigate the presence and nature of the disparity paradox. Methods: We fit Bayesian hierarchical spatiotemporal models using individual-level surveillance data from Cali, Colombia (2012-2017), to assess the overall morbidity and severity burden of notified dengue. We fitted overall and ethnic-specific models to assess the presence of heterogeneity by SES across and within ethnic groups (Afro-Colombian vs. non-Afro-Colombians), conducting sensitivity analyses to account for potential underreporting. Results: Our study included 65,402 dengue cases and 13,732 (21%) hospitalizations. Overall notified dengue incidence rates did not vary across ethnic groups. Severity risk was higher among Afro-Colombians (risk ratio [RR] = 1.16; 95% Credible Interval [95% CrI] = 1.08, 1.24) but after accounting for underreporting by ethnicity this association was nearly null (RR = 1.02; 95% CrI = 0.97, 1.07). Subsidized health insurance and low-SES were associated with increased overall dengue rates and severity. Conclusion: The paradoxically increased severity among Afro-Colombians can be attributed to differential health-seeking behaviors and reporting among Afro-Colombians. Such differential reporting can be understood as a type of intersectionality between SES, insurance scheme, and ethnicity that requires a quantitative assessment in future studies.
MeSH term(s)	Bayes Theorem ; Colombia/epidemiology ; Dengue/epidemiology ; Ethnic Groups ; Humans ; Socioeconomic Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1053263-8
ISSN	1531-5487 ; 1044-3983
ISSN (online)	1531-5487
ISSN	1044-3983
DOI	10.1097/EDE.0000000000001353
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Estimating force of infection from serologic surveys with imperfect tests.

Alexander, Neal / Carabali, Mabel / Lim, Jacqueline K

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) e0247255

Abstract: Background: The force of infection, or the rate at which susceptible individuals become infected, is an important public health measure for assessing the extent of outbreaks and the impact of control programs.: Methods and findings: We present ... ...

Abstract	Background: The force of infection, or the rate at which susceptible individuals become infected, is an important public health measure for assessing the extent of outbreaks and the impact of control programs. Methods and findings: We present Bayesian methods for estimating force of infection using serological surveys of infections which produce a lasting immune response, accounting for imperfections of the test, and uncertainty in such imperfections. In this estimation, the sensitivity and specificity can either be fixed, or belief distributions of their values can be elicited to allow for uncertainty. We analyse data from two published serological studies of dengue, one in Colombo, Sri Lanka, with a single survey and one in Medellin, Colombia, with repeated surveys in the same individuals. For the Colombo study, we illustrate how the inferred force of infection increases as the sensitivity decreases, and the reverse for specificity. When 100% sensitivity and specificity are assumed, the results are very similar to those from a standard analysis with binomial regression. For the Medellin study, the elicited distribution for sensitivity had a lower mean and higher variance than the one for specificity. Consequently, taking uncertainty in sensitivity into account resulted in a wide credible interval for the force of infection. Conclusions: These methods can make more realistic estimates of force of infection, and help inform the choice of serological tests for future serosurveys.
MeSH term(s)	Dengue/blood ; Dengue/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Serologic Tests ; Sri Lanka/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0247255
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Overlapping research efforts in a global pandemic

Lauren Maxwell / Priya Shreedhar / Brooke Levis / Sayali Arvind Chavan / Shaila Akter / Mabel Carabali

BMC Health Services Research, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a rapid systematic review of COVID-19-related individual participant data meta-analyses

2023 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract Background Individual participant data meta-analyses (IPD-MAs), which involve harmonising and analysing participant-level data from related studies, provide several advantages over aggregate data meta-analyses, which pool study-level findings. ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Individual participant data meta-analyses (IPD-MAs), which involve harmonising and analysing participant-level data from related studies, provide several advantages over aggregate data meta-analyses, which pool study-level findings. IPD-MAs are especially important for building and evaluating diagnostic and prognostic models, making them an important tool for informing the research and public health responses to COVID-19. Methods We conducted a rapid systematic review of protocols and publications from planned, ongoing, or completed COVID-19-related IPD-MAs to identify areas of overlap and maximise data request and harmonisation efforts. We searched four databases using a combination of text and MeSH terms. Two independent reviewers determined eligibility at the title-abstract and full-text stages. Data were extracted by one reviewer into a pretested data extraction form and subsequently reviewed by a second reviewer. Data were analysed using a narrative synthesis approach. A formal risk of bias assessment was not conducted. Results We identified 31 COVID-19-related IPD-MAs, including five living IPD-MAs and ten IPD-MAs that limited their inference to published data (e.g., case reports). We found overlap in study designs, populations, exposures, and outcomes of interest. For example, 26 IPD-MAs included RCTs; 17 IPD-MAs were limited to hospitalised patients. Sixteen IPD-MAs focused on evaluating medical treatments, including six IPD-MAs for antivirals, four on antibodies, and two that evaluated convalescent plasma. Conclusions Collaboration across related IPD-MAs can leverage limited resources and expertise by expediting the creation of cross-study participant-level data datasets, which can, in turn, fast-track evidence synthesis for the improved diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. Trial registration 10.17605/OSF.IO/93GF2.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; Individual participant data meta-analysis ; Meta-analysis ; Data sharing ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Estimating force of infection from serologic surveys with imperfect tests.

Neal Alexander / Mabel Carabali / Jacqueline K Lim

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 3, p e

2021 Volume 0247255

Abstract: Background The force of infection, or the rate at which susceptible individuals become infected, is an important public health measure for assessing the extent of outbreaks and the impact of control programs. Methods and findings We present Bayesian ... ...

Abstract	Background The force of infection, or the rate at which susceptible individuals become infected, is an important public health measure for assessing the extent of outbreaks and the impact of control programs. Methods and findings We present Bayesian methods for estimating force of infection using serological surveys of infections which produce a lasting immune response, accounting for imperfections of the test, and uncertainty in such imperfections. In this estimation, the sensitivity and specificity can either be fixed, or belief distributions of their values can be elicited to allow for uncertainty. We analyse data from two published serological studies of dengue, one in Colombo, Sri Lanka, with a single survey and one in Medellin, Colombia, with repeated surveys in the same individuals. For the Colombo study, we illustrate how the inferred force of infection increases as the sensitivity decreases, and the reverse for specificity. When 100% sensitivity and specificity are assumed, the results are very similar to those from a standard analysis with binomial regression. For the Medellin study, the elicited distribution for sensitivity had a lower mean and higher variance than the one for specificity. Consequently, taking uncertainty in sensitivity into account resulted in a wide credible interval for the force of infection. Conclusions These methods can make more realistic estimates of force of infection, and help inform the choice of serological tests for future serosurveys.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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