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  1. Article ; Online: The Presence of Smoking and Alcohol Imaginary in Popular Movies Available in Netflix Online Streaming Platform.

    Giannakodimos, Ilias / Lykouras, Dimosthenis / Lagiou, Olga / Tsakas, Sotiris / Karkoulias, Kiriakos

    Journal of community health

    2022  Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 710–715

    Abstract: Exposure of tobacco and alcohol consumption in media and filmmaking has been related to promotion of smoking and drinking in adults. Current regulation aims to restrict tobacco and alcohol advertising in order to avoid alcohol consumption and smoking ... ...

    Abstract Exposure of tobacco and alcohol consumption in media and filmmaking has been related to promotion of smoking and drinking in adults. Current regulation aims to restrict tobacco and alcohol advertising in order to avoid alcohol consumption and smoking habits. We aimed to assess the impact of smoking and drinking habits in video-on-demand services. Three independent investigators watched the 50 most popular movies available in Netflix streaming platform, according to York Times and recorded incidence of smoking and drinking scenes for both primary and secondary actors. 45 movies were included in our analysis. Main characters appeared to smoke in 19 movies and to consume alcohol in 33 movies, while secondary characters in 32 movies with 121 scenes and consumed alcohol in 38 movies, respectively. First actors were males in 22 movies, females in 7 movies and both males and females in 6 movies. Movies' directors were males in 29 movies and females in 6 movies. Our analysis found increased content of smoking and drinking scenes in online movies and showed that recently released movies presented with increased incidence of drinking and smoking scenes, while era depicted in movies also affects smoking and drinking content.
    MeSH term(s) Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Ethanol ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Motion Pictures ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Nicotiana ; Tobacco Products ; Tobacco Use
    Chemical Substances Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 426631-6
    ISSN 1573-3610 ; 0094-5145
    ISSN (online) 1573-3610
    ISSN 0094-5145
    DOI 10.1007/s10900-022-01101-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: "The Saint" gone good. Smoking and drinking over time in the popular series.

    Giannakodimos, Ilias / Lykouras, Dimosthenis / Lagiou, Olga / Tsakas, Sotiris / Karkoulias, Kiriakos

    Journal of addictive diseases

    2022  Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 78–81

    Abstract: Background: Alcohol-related health and social problems are prevalent in almost all societies that consume alcohol and the presence of alcohol use in the movies is a known issue. The same holds true for smoking prevalence in film-making.: Objectives: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Alcohol-related health and social problems are prevalent in almost all societies that consume alcohol and the presence of alcohol use in the movies is a known issue. The same holds true for smoking prevalence in film-making.
    Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess tobacco-related content and alcohol consumption in "The Saint" series and movies.
    Methods: Five episodes from each "The Saint" TV series, from the '60s, were randomly selected. A predefined template was used for data collection and multiple variables were recorded and then analyzed.
    Results: The main character was reported to smoke in 81.9% of episodes and consume alcohol in 87.1% episodes and similar were the results for supporting actors. Mean time to first cigarette and first drink ranged from 0.5 to 40 minutes and from 0.5 to 40.5 minutes, respectively.
    Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking and drinking in "The Saint" movies is high on average; however, the main character has ceased smoking and reduced alcohol consumption in the two contemporary movies, probably following the changes in the era and respecting the law.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Tobacco Products ; Motion Pictures ; Prevalence ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1077616-3
    ISSN 1545-0848 ; 1055-0887
    ISSN (online) 1545-0848
    ISSN 1055-0887
    DOI 10.1080/10550887.2022.2063639
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The utility of diaphragm ultrasound thickening indices for assessing respiratory decompensation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

    Spiliopoulos, Kanellos C / Lykouras, Dimosthenis / Veltsista, Dimitra / Skaramagkas, Vasileios / Karkoulias, Kiriakos / Tzouvelekis, Argyrios / Chroni, Elisabeth

    Muscle & nerve

    2023  Volume 68, Issue 6, Page(s) 850–856

    Abstract: Introduction/aims: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) leads to diaphragmatic weakness at some point during its course, which is a major cause of respiratory insufficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate ultrasound-based measures for assessing ... ...

    Abstract Introduction/aims: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) leads to diaphragmatic weakness at some point during its course, which is a major cause of respiratory insufficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate ultrasound-based measures for assessing the diaphragmatic competency and the need for ventilatory support.
    Methods: Twenty-six subjects with ALS and 12 healthy controls were enrolled. All participants underwent B-mode diaphragm ultrasound (DUS). Diaphragm thickness and thickening indices were recorded. In the subjects with ALS, further assessments included functional scales and spirometry. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of DUS thickening indices in predicting diaphragmatic dysfunction and the correlation between clinical, spirometric, and DUS data.
    Results: Significant relationships were found between forced vital capacity and all diaphragmatic thickening indices. Similarly, all diaphragmatic thickening indices correlated with both Milano Torino staging and disease progression rate. Only thickening fraction (TFdi) correlated with score on the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (r = 0.459, P = .024). TFdi had better accuracy in predicting diaphragmatic dysfunction (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.839, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.643 to 0.953) and the need for initiation of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) (AUC = 0.989, 95% CI 0.847 to 1.000) compared with the other indices. A TFdi cut-off point of 0.50 was a sensitive threshold to consider NIV.
    Discussion: DUS successfully identifies diaphragmatic dysfunction in ALS, being a valuable accessory modality for investigating respiratory symptoms. TFdi was found to be the most useful DUS index, which encourages further investigation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Diaphragm/diagnostic imaging ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/complications ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/diagnostic imaging ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; Respiratory Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology ; Ultrasonography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 438353-9
    ISSN 1097-4598 ; 0148-639X
    ISSN (online) 1097-4598
    ISSN 0148-639X
    DOI 10.1002/mus.27980
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in people with minimally impaired multiple sclerosis.

    Apollonatou, Vasiliki / Lykouras, Dimosthenis / Kargiotis, Odysseas / Kasdagli, Maria-Iosifina / Lagiou, Olga / Papathanasopoulos, Panagiotis / Spiropoulos, Konstantinos / Karkoulias, Kiriakos

    Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

    2023  Volume 79, Page(s) 105016

    Abstract: Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that may affect respiratory system at the later stages of the disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate respiratory function and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that may affect respiratory system at the later stages of the disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate respiratory function and cardiopulmonary exercise testing in ambulatory without aid people with MS (pwMS), and to investigate quality of life parameters and fatigue in this population.
    Methods: 25 pwMS and 16 healthy controls were included in this study. Pulmonary function tests were performed and were followed by proper cardiopulmonary exercise testing with the use of treadmill. Quality of life assessment was done with SF-36 questionnaire.
    Results: The mean age of the patient group was 38.4 ± 8.2 years. Spirometric values were within normal limits, and so did lung diffusion capacity, while maximal voluntary ventilation was reduced. In cardiopulmonary exercise testing the patient group showed impairment compared to control group. The statistically significant lower parameters were V'O
    Conclusion: Our study showed that the main cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters were affected in ambulatory pwMS, even without evidence of respiratory symptoms. Therefore, these people should be evaluated for pulmonary function compromise.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Exercise Test ; Multiple Sclerosis/complications ; Carbon Dioxide ; Quality of Life ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Chronic Disease
    Chemical Substances Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2645330-7
    ISSN 2211-0356 ; 2211-0348
    ISSN (online) 2211-0356
    ISSN 2211-0348
    DOI 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Oesophageal atresia without major cardiovascular anomalies: Is management justified at a district paediatric surgical institution?

    Sinopidis, Xenophon / Athanasopoulou, Maria / Panagidis, Antonios / Koletsis, Efstratios / Karkoulias, Kiriakos / Georgiou, George

    African journal of paediatric surgery : AJPS

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 58–61

    Abstract: Background: Oesophageal atresia lacks sufficiently documented treatment approach, as guidelines are based rather on the opinion of experts than on systematic data. We aimed to answer the question if treatment of patients without major cardiovascular ... ...

    Abstract Background: Oesophageal atresia lacks sufficiently documented treatment approach, as guidelines are based rather on the opinion of experts than on systematic data. We aimed to answer the question if treatment of patients without major cardiovascular anomalies could be justified at a peripheral paediatric surgical institution, by evaluating the outcome of surgical correction.
    Methods: Thirty-three neonates underwent surgery for correction of oesophageal atresia during a period of 20 years. They were categorised into two time-period groups, to follow-up the evolution of surgical intervention and complications through time. Evaluation of post-operative outcome and morbidity was performed. The results were related to those of our recent cross-sectional study on families having experienced oesophageal atresia performed years after repair, regarding the long-term quality of life.
    Results: A shift from staged to primary repair occurred throughout time in the patients with a marginal long gap between proximal and distal oesophagus (P = 0.008). Anastomotic stenosis was the major short-term complication encountered, treated with post-operative dilation sessions. Dysphagia and reflux were the most common long-term complications.
    Conclusions: Oesophageal atresia without severe cardiovascular abnormalities could be treated at a peripheral paediatric surgical department with satisfactory outcomes. However, qualified paediatric surgeons, anaesthesiologists and neonatologists and the availability of neonatal intensive care unit should be definitively required.
    MeSH term(s) Anastomosis, Surgical/methods ; Cardiovascular Abnormalities ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods ; Disease Management ; Esophageal Atresia/surgery ; Female ; Hospitals, District ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-15
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2392865-7
    ISSN 0974-5998 ; 0974-5998
    ISSN (online) 0974-5998
    ISSN 0974-5998
    DOI 10.4103/ajps.AJPS_113_20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Exercise Limitation in Children and Adolescents with Mild-to-Moderate Asthma.

    Lagiou, Olga / Fouzas, Sotirios / Lykouras, Dimosthenis / Sinopidis, Xenophon / Karatza, Ageliki / Karkoulias, Kiriakos / Dimitriou, Gabriel / Anthracopoulos, Michael B

    Journal of asthma and allergy

    2022  Volume 15, Page(s) 89–98

    Abstract: Background: Children with uncontrolled asthma are less tolerant to exercise due to ventilatory limitation, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), or physical deconditioning. The contribution of these factors in children with controlled mild-to- ... ...

    Abstract Background: Children with uncontrolled asthma are less tolerant to exercise due to ventilatory limitation, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), or physical deconditioning. The contribution of these factors in children with controlled mild-to-moderate asthma is unknown.
    Objective: To explore the underlying mechanisms of reduced exercise capacity in children with controlled mild-to-moderate asthma.
    Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 45 children and adolescents (age 8-18 years) with controlled mild-to-moderate asthma (asthma control test score 21-25) and 61 age-matched healthy controls. All participants completed a physical activity questionnaire and performed spirometry and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET; maximal incremental protocol). Spirometric indices and CPET parameters were compared between the two groups. The effect of EIB (FEV
    Results: 62.2% of children with asthma and 29.5% of controls (P = 0.002) were categorized as inactive. Reduced exercise capacity (O
    Conclusion: Children with controlled mild-to-moderate asthma are less tolerant to strenuous exercise than their healthy peers. The decreased exercise capacity in this population should mainly be attributed to physical deconditioning, while the contribution of ventilatory limitation and EIB is rather small.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-18
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2494877-9
    ISSN 1178-6965
    ISSN 1178-6965
    DOI 10.2147/JAA.S335357
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Physical Exercise in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

    Lykouras, Dimosthenis / Karkoulias, Kiriakos / Triantos, Christos

    Journal of Crohn's & colitis

    2017  Volume 11, Issue 8, Page(s) 1024

    MeSH term(s) Exercise/physiology ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/physiopathology ; Respiratory Function Tests
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 2390120-2
    ISSN 1876-4479 ; 1873-9946
    ISSN (online) 1876-4479
    ISSN 1873-9946
    DOI 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Shifting gears: Study of immune system parameters of male habitual marathon runners.

    Panagoulias, Ioannis / Charokopos, Nikolaos / Thomas, Iason / Spantidea, Panagiota I / de Lastic, Anne-Lise / Rodi, Maria / Anastasopoulou, Spyridoula / Aggeletopoulou, Ioanna / Lazaris, Charalampos / Karkoulias, Kiriakos / Leonidou, Lydia / Georgopoulos, Neoklis A / Markou, Kostas B / Mouzaki, Athanasia

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 13, Page(s) 1009065

    Abstract: Aim: Marathon is a running event in which athletes must cover a distance of 42.195 km. In addition to participating in marathons, marathoners have incorporated extensive running into their lifestyle. In the present study, we investigated the effect of ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Marathon is a running event in which athletes must cover a distance of 42.195 km. In addition to participating in marathons, marathoners have incorporated extensive running into their lifestyle. In the present study, we investigated the effect of long-term strenuous exercise in the form of marathon running on the immune system.
    Methods & results: We collected peripheral blood samples from 37 male marathoners before/after a race and 37 age/sex/body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy sedentary controls. Hematological and biochemical tests revealed race-induced leukocytosis attributable to neutrophilia and significant increases in plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and cortisol concentrations. Phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes revealed race-induced significant decrease in the number of lymphocytes, memory helper T (Th) cells, naive, memory and activated cytotoxic T (Tc) cells, natural killer (NK), NKT, and B1 cells, and a significant increase in the number of activated Th and regulatory Th cells (Tregs). Compared with controls, marathoners maintained significantly lower levels of memory and activated Th cells and higher levels of activated Tc and B1 cells. Measurement of plasma cytokine levels revealed a pro-inflammatory cytokine polarization that increased after the race. Examination of gene expression of cytokines and Th-cell signature transcription factors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed a significant decrease in tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-17, and a significant increase in IL-6, IL-10 and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) after the race. Compared with controls, marathoners maintained significantly higher levels of TNF-α. Assessment of the suppressive capacity of Tregs in co-cultures of isolated effector Th cells and Tregs showed significantly increased suppressive capacity of marathoners' Tregs after the race.
    Conclusions: Compared with controls, marathoners live with permanent changes in certain immune parameters. Marathoners exhibit a stable pro-inflammatory cytokine polarization that increases after the race and is counterbalanced by increased numbers of Tregs overexpressing FoxP3 and having increased suppressive capacity.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Cytokines ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Marathon Running ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Athletes ; Immune System
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1009065
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The Role of Interleukin-6 in the Pathogenesis, Prognosis and Treatment of Severe COVID-19.

    Giannakodimos, Ilias / Gkountana, Georgia-Vasiliki / Lykouras, Dimosthenis / Karkoulias, Kiriakos / Tsakas, Sotiris

    Current medicinal chemistry

    2020  Volume 28, Issue 26, Page(s) 5328–5338

    Abstract: A newly identified virus appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, was named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 presents similarities with two previous coronavirus ...

    Abstract A newly identified virus appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, was named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 presents similarities with two previous coronavirus pandemics, MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) and SARSCoV, concerning phylogenetic origin, structural composition, and clinical symptoms, thus, leading to common pathogenic mechanisms. The purpose of this review is to declare the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the pathogenesis, prognosis, and treatment of COVID-19 by comparing its effect on SARS-CoV and MERS cases. Increased levels of IL-6 comprise the key for the stimulation of cytokine storm and the progression of SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 cases. Especially, in COVID-19 patients, the overactivation of NF-kΒ, which is caused by the binding of coronavirus spike protein S to alveolar epithelial cells, up-regulates IL-6 and promotes its systematic circulation, causing alveolar damage and extrapulmonary injury. Additionally, IL-6 can be used to evaluate respiratory failure and identify asymptomatic patients. Tocilizumab (TCZ), a monoclonal antibody which blocks IL-6 signaling, comprises a remedial option against COVID-19. TCZ improves oxygenation, reduces fever, and decreases levels of IL-6. IL-6 plays a major role in the pathogenesis of cytokine storm and the progression of COVID-19 and may be used as a therapeutic target against COVID-19. However, further research is needed concerning the relation of IL-6 in COVID-19 cases, and more clinical trials are required to declare TCZ as a treatment option.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/immunology ; Humans ; Interleukin-6/immunology ; Phylogeny ; Prognosis
    Chemical Substances IL6 protein, human ; Interleukin-6
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-09
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1319315-6
    ISSN 1875-533X ; 0929-8673
    ISSN (online) 1875-533X
    ISSN 0929-8673
    DOI 10.2174/0929867328666201209100259
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: EBUS: Faster, cheaper and most effective in lung cancer staging.

    Sampsonas, Fotios / Kakoullis, Loukas / Lykouras, Dimosthenis / Karkoulias, Kiriakos / Spiropoulos, Konstantinos

    International journal of clinical practice

    2018  Volume 72, Issue 2

    Abstract: The use of endobronchial ultrasound trans-bronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) as the initial diagnostic and staging procedure in patients with suspected, non-metastatic lung cancer has gained substantial support, and is now recommended by numerous ... ...

    Abstract The use of endobronchial ultrasound trans-bronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) as the initial diagnostic and staging procedure in patients with suspected, non-metastatic lung cancer has gained substantial support, and is now recommended by numerous guidelines. Whereas considerable attention has been pointed to the reductions in costs achieved by EBUS-TBNA, that has not been the case for some of its more significant benefits, namely the reduction of the diagnostic work-up time and its ability to accurately assess and restage lymph nodes, which were previously stated incorrectly by CT or PET scan. Both these benefits translate into improved outcomes for patients, as delays are reduced, futile surgeries are prevented and curable operations can be performed on patients previously excluded by CT or PET scan. Indeed, the use of EBUS as the initial diagnostic and staging procedure has been proven to significantly increase survival, compared with conventional diagnostic and staging procedures, in a pragmatic, randomised controlled trial (Navani N. et al, 2015). The instalment of EBUS will have the greatest effect on overwhelmed, suboptimally functioning national healthcare systems, by decreasing the number of required diagnostic and staging procedures, therefore reducing both treatment delays and costs. The improved selection of surgical candidates by EBUS will result in improved patient outcomes. The latest findings regarding the benefits of EBUS are outlined in this review, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to emphasise the impact of the procedure, both on timing and costs of lung cancer staging, as well as on survival.
    MeSH term(s) Bronchi ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration/economics ; Endosonography ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging/economics ; Neoplasm Staging/methods ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1386246-7
    ISSN 1742-1241 ; 1368-5031
    ISSN (online) 1742-1241
    ISSN 1368-5031
    DOI 10.1111/ijcp.13053
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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