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Article: Serum biomarkers for nutritional status as predictors in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination.

Vaz-Rodrigues, Rita / Mazuecos, Lorena / Villar, Margarita / Urra, José Miguel / Gortázar, Christian / de la Fuente, José

Journal of functional foods

2023 Volume 101, Page(s) 105412

Abstract: The aim of this study was to characterize serum protein biomarkers for nutritional status that may be used as predictors for disease symptomatology in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination. In pre-vaccine cohorts, proteomics analysis revealed ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to characterize serum protein biomarkers for nutritional status that may be used as predictors for disease symptomatology in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination. In pre-vaccine cohorts, proteomics analysis revealed significant differences between groups, with serum proteins alpha-1-acid glycoproteins (AGPs) 1 and 2, C-reactive protein (CRP) and retinol binding protein (RBP) increasing with COVID-19 severity, in contrast with serum albumin, transthyretin (TTR) and serotransferrin (TF) reduction as the symptomatology increased. Immunoassay reproduced and validated proteomics results of serum proteins albumin and RBP. In post-vaccine cohorts, the results showed the same pattern as in pre-vaccine cohorts for serum proteins AGPs, CRP, albumin and TTR. However, TF levels were similar between groups and RBP presented a slight reduction as COVID-19 symptomatology increased. In these cohorts, immunoassay validated proteomics results of serum proteins albumin, TTR and TF. Additionally, immune response to α-Gal in pre-vaccine cohorts varied in predominant immunoglobulin type profile, while post-vaccine groups presented mainly anti-α-Gal protective IgG antibodies. The study identified serum nutritional biomarkers that could potentially predict an accurate prognostic of COVID-19 disease to provide an appropriate nutritional care and guidance in non-vaccinated and vaccinated individuals against SARS-CoV-2. These results highlight the importance of designing personalized nutrition protocols to improve diet along with the application of prebiotics or probiotics for the control of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2511964-3
ISSN	1756-4646
ISSN	1756-4646
DOI	10.1016/j.jff.2023.105412
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Article ; Online: Serum biomarkers for nutritional status as predictors in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination

Vaz-Rodrigues, Rita / Mazuecos, Lorena / Villar Corrales, M. / Urra, José Miguel / Gortázar, Christian / Fuente, José de la

Journal of Functional Foods. 2023 Feb., v. 101 p.105412-

2023

Abstract	The aim of this study was to characterize serum protein biomarkers for nutritional status that may be used as predictors for disease symptomatology in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination. In pre-vaccine cohorts, proteomics analysis revealed significant differences between groups, with serum proteins alpha-1-acid glycoproteins (AGPs) 1 and 2, C-reactive protein (CRP) and retinol binding protein (RBP) increasing with COVID-19 severity, in contrast with serum albumin, transthyretin (TTR) and serotransferrin (TF) reduction as the symptomatology increased. Immunoassay reproduced and validated proteomics results of serum proteins albumin and RBP. In post-vaccine cohorts, the results showed the same pattern as in pre-vaccine cohorts for serum proteins AGPs, CRP, albumin and TTR. However, TF levels were similar between groups and RBP presented a slight reduction as COVID-19 symptomatology increased. In these cohorts, immunoassay validated proteomics results of serum proteins albumin, TTR and TF. Additionally, immune response to α-Gal in pre-vaccine cohorts varied in predominant immunoglobulin type profile, while post-vaccine groups presented mainly anti-α-Gal protective IgG antibodies. The study identified serum nutritional biomarkers that could potentially predict an accurate prognostic of COVID-19 disease to provide an appropriate nutritional care and guidance in non-vaccinated and vaccinated individuals against SARS-CoV-2. These results highlight the importance of designing personalized nutrition protocols to improve diet along with the application of prebiotics or probiotics for the control of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
Keywords	C-reactive protein ; COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; biomarkers ; blood serum ; glycoproteins ; immune response ; immunoassays ; immunoglobulins ; nutritional status ; prealbumin ; prebiotics ; probiotics ; proteomics ; transferrin ; vaccination ; vitamin A ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; α-Gal ; Nutrition ; Immunology
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-02
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Use and reproduction
ZDB-ID	2511964-3
ISSN	1756-4646
ISSN	1756-4646
DOI	10.1016/j.jff.2023.105412
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Article ; Online: Antibody isotype epitope mapping of SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD protein: Targets for COVID-19 symptomatology and disease control.

Contreras, Marinela / Vicente, Joaquín / Cerón, José Joaquín / Martinez Subiela, Silvia / Urra, José Miguel / Rodríguez-Del-Río, Francisco J / Ferreras-Colino, Elisa / Vaz-Rodrigues, Rita / de Fernández de Mera, Isabel G / Antunes, Sandra / Domingos, Ana / Gortázar, Christian / de la Fuente, José

European journal of immunology

2023 Volume 53, Issue 4, Page(s) e2250206

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) still poses a challenge for biomedicine and public health. To advance the development of effective diagnostic, prognostic, and preventive interventions, our study focused on high-throughput ... ...

Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) still poses a challenge for biomedicine and public health. To advance the development of effective diagnostic, prognostic, and preventive interventions, our study focused on high-throughput antibody binding epitope mapping of the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD protein by IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies in saliva and sera of different cohorts from healthy uninfected individuals to SARS-CoV-2-infected unvaccinated and vaccinated asymptomatic, recovered, nonsevere, and severe patients. Identified candidate diagnostic (455-LFRKSNLKPFERD-467), prognostic (395-VYADSFVIRGDEV-407-C-KLH, 332-ITNLCPFGEV-342-C-KLH, 352-AWNRKRI-358-C-KLH, 524-VCGPKKSTNLVKN-536-KLH), and protective (MKLLE-487-NCYFPLQSYGFQPTNGVG-504-GGGGS-446-GGNYNYLYRLFRKSNLKPFERD-467) epitopes were validated with sera from prevaccine and postvaccine cohorts. The results identified neutralizing epitopes and support that antibody recognition of linear B-cell epitopes in RBD protein is associated with antibody isotype and disease symptomatology. The findings in asymptomatic individuals suggest a role for anti-RBD antibodies in the protective response against SARS-CoV-2. The possibility of translating results into diagnostic interventions for the early diagnosis of asymptomatic individuals and prognosis of disease severity provides new tools for COVID-19 surveillance and evaluation of risks in hospitalized patients. These results, together with other approaches, may contribute to the development of new vaccines for the control of COVID-19 and other coronavirus-related diseases using a quantum vaccinomics approach through the combination of protective epitopes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; Epitope Mapping ; Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120108-6
ISSN	1521-4141 ; 0014-2980
ISSN (online)	1521-4141
ISSN	0014-2980
DOI	10.1002/eji.202250206
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Article ; Online: Correlates with Vaccine Protective Capacity and COVID-19 Disease Symptoms Identified by Serum Proteomics in Vaccinated Individuals.

Villar, Margarita / Urra, José Miguel / Artigas-Jerónimo, Sara / Mazuecos, Lorena / Contreras, Marinela / Vaz-Rodrigues, Rita / Rodríguez-Del-Río, Francisco J / Gortázar, Christian / de la Fuente, José

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 27, Issue 18

Abstract: In the last two years, the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a scientific and social challenge worldwide. Vaccines have been the most effective intervention for ... ...

Abstract	In the last two years, the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a scientific and social challenge worldwide. Vaccines have been the most effective intervention for reducing virus transmission and disease severity. However, genetic virus variants are still circulating among vaccinated individuals with different disease symptomatology. Understanding the protective- or disease-associated mechanisms in vaccinated individuals is relevant to advances in vaccine development and implementation. To address this objective, serum-protein profiles were characterized by quantitative proteomics and data-analysis algorithms in four cohorts of uninfected and SARS-CoV-2-infected vaccinated individuals with asymptomatic, non-severe, and severe disease symptomatology. The results show that immunoglobulins were the most overrepresented proteins in infected cohorts when compared to PCR-negative individuals. The immunoglobulin profile varied between different infected cohorts and correlated with protective- or disease-associated capacity. Overrepresented immunoglobulins in PCR-positive individuals correlated with protective response against SARS-CoV-2, other viruses, and thrombosis in asymptomatic cases. In non-severe cases, correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 and HBV together with risk of myasthenia gravis and allergy and autoantibodies were observed. Patients with severe symptoms presented risk for allergy, chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and autoantibodies. The analysis of underrepresented immunoglobulins in PCR-positive compared to PCR-negative individuals identified vaccine-induced protective epitopes in various coronavirus proteins, including the spike receptor-binding domain RBD. Non-immunoglobulin proteins were associated with COVID-19 symptoms and biological processes. These results evidence host-associated differences in response to vaccination and the possibility of improving vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.
MeSH term(s)	Autoantibodies ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Epitopes ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Proteomics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Viral Vaccines
Chemical Substances	Autoantibodies ; Epitopes ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Viral Vaccines ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules27185933
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Article ; Online: Relationship between age and handgrip strength: Proposal of reference values from infancy to senescence.

Gómez-Campos, Rossana / Vidal Espinoza, Rubén / de Arruda, Miguel / Ronque, Enio Ricardo Vaz / Urra-Albornoz, Camilo / Minango, Juan Carlos / Alvear-Vasquez, Fernando / de la Torre Choque, Christian / Castelli Correia de Campos, Luis Felipe / Sulla Torres, Jose / Cossio-Bolaños, Marco

Frontiers in public health

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1072684

Abstract: Introduction: Measurement of hand grip strength (HGS) has been proposed as a key component of frailty and has also been suggested as a central biomarker of healthy aging and a powerful predictor of future morbidity and mortality.: Objectives: (a) To ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Measurement of hand grip strength (HGS) has been proposed as a key component of frailty and has also been suggested as a central biomarker of healthy aging and a powerful predictor of future morbidity and mortality. Objectives: (a) To determine whether a nonlinear relationship model could improve the prediction of handgrip strength (HGS) compared to the linear model and (b) to propose percentiles to evaluate HGS according to age and sex for a regional population of Chile from infancy to senescence. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was developed in a representative sample of the Maule region (Chile). The volunteers amounted to 5,376 participants (2,840 men and 2,536 women), with an age range from 6 to 80 years old. Weight, height, HGS (right and left hand) according to age and sex were evaluated. Percentiles were calculated using the LMS method [(L (Lambda; asymmetry), M (Mu; median), and S (Sigma; coefficient of variation)]. Results and discussion: There were no differences in HGS from 6 to 11 years of age in both sexes; however, from 12 years of age onwards, males presented higher HGS values in both hands (
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Infant ; Child ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Reference Values ; Hand Strength/physiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Volunteers ; Chile
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2022.1072684
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Article ; Online: Comparison of anthropometric indicators as predictors of the percentage of fat mass in young people and older adults in Chile.

Gómez-Campos, Rossana / Vidal-Espinoza, Rubén / Castelli Correia de Campos, Luis Felipe / Sulla-Torres, José / Cossio-Bolaños, Wilbert / de Arruda, Miguel / Urra Albornoz, Camilo / Cossio-Bolaños, Marco

Endocrinologia, diabetes y nutricion

2022 Volume 69, Issue 1, Page(s) 25–33

Abstract: Objective: To verify whether triponderal mass index (TMI) has a greater accuracy than body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as predictors of obesity in young people and older adults in a region of Chile.: ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To verify whether triponderal mass index (TMI) has a greater accuracy than body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as predictors of obesity in young people and older adults in a region of Chile. Material and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 1176 adults (565 men and 611 women) from the Maule region (Chile). Their ages ranged from 20 to 80 years. The percentage of fat mass (%FM) was evaluated by means of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated. TMI, BMI and WHtR were calculated. Results: The %FM predictions for BMI were 0.47% for men and 0.50% for women; for TMI, it was 0.50% for men and 0.51% for women; for WC, it was 0.28% for men and 0.21% for women; and finally, for WHtR, it was 0.28% in men and 0.21% in women. The area under the curve (AUC) for BMI was 0.85 in men and 0.85 in women; for TMI, it was 0.87 in men and 0.86 in women; for WHtR, it was 0.76 in men and 0.72 in women; and for WC, the AUC was 0.72 in men and 0.71 in women. Conclusion: It was shown that TMI is the indicator that presented the greatest association with %FM and estimates body fat levels with greater precision than BMI, WC and WHtR. The results suggest its use and application as an indicator that discriminates obesity in young, middle-aged and elderly adults.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Chile/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Height Ratio ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-11
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2530-0180
ISSN (online)	2530-0180
DOI	10.1016/j.endien.2022.01.002
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Article ; Online: Usefulness of basophil activation test for the diagnosis of IgE mediated hypersensitivity to tetanus toxoid vaccine.

Herreros, Blanca / Méndez, Yesica / Feo-Brito, Francisco / Urra, José Miguel

Journal of immunological methods

2017 Volume 454, Page(s) 86–88

Abstract: A great number of vaccinated patients develop specific anti-tetanus toxoid IgE, but usually do not undergo any adverse effect. Most of the allergic reactions to tetanus toxoid vaccine usually present with unspecific symptoms of local inflammation. In the ...

Abstract	A great number of vaccinated patients develop specific anti-tetanus toxoid IgE, but usually do not undergo any adverse effect. Most of the allergic reactions to tetanus toxoid vaccine usually present with unspecific symptoms of local inflammation. In the presence of severe reactions, and in a special way if the vaccine is provided together with other drugs, it is difficult to establish which is the harmful drug responsible for IgE-mediated adverse reaction. A patient with an anaphylactic reaction after the administration of Toxoid Tetanic (TT) along with several drugs is described. All skin test were negative. The basophils activation test (BAT) in a clear way, identified TT as the allergen that triggered anaphylaxis. The results achieved demonstrates the usefulness of BAT to clarify patients with hypersensibility to tetanus toxoide when the clinic is severe and the vaccine has been administered together with other drugs.
MeSH term(s)	Aged, 80 and over ; Allergens/immunology ; Amoxicillin/adverse effects ; Amoxicillin/therapeutic use ; Anaphylaxis/etiology ; Anaphylaxis/prevention & control ; Basophils/immunology ; Cell Degranulation ; Cells, Cultured ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/diagnosis ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/complications ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/diagnosis ; Immunoglobulin E/metabolism ; Immunologic Tests/methods ; Male ; Naproxen/adverse effects ; Naproxen/therapeutic use ; Tetanus Toxoid/adverse effects ; Tetanus Toxoid/immunology ; Wounds, Stab/complications ; Wounds, Stab/drug therapy ; Wounds, Stab/immunology
Chemical Substances	Allergens ; Tetanus Toxoid ; Immunoglobulin E (37341-29-0) ; Naproxen (57Y76R9ATQ) ; Amoxicillin (804826J2HU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11-21
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120142-6
ISSN	1872-7905 ; 0022-1759
ISSN (online)	1872-7905
ISSN	0022-1759
DOI	10.1016/j.jim.2017.11.009
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Article ; Online: Enhanced HLA-DR expression on T-lymphocytes from patients in early stages of non-surgical sepsis.

Fernández-Grande, Esther / Cabrera, Carmen María / González, Blanca / Varela, Carolina / Urra, José Miguel

Medicina clinica

2018 Volume 152, Issue 9, Page(s) 346–349

Abstract: Introduction: Early detection of sepsis is a critical step to improve patient's survival and cellular markers effective diagnosis tools. The aim of this work was to evaluate HLA-DR expression on peripheral T-lymphocytes (CD3: Patients and methods: A ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Early detection of sepsis is a critical step to improve patient's survival and cellular markers effective diagnosis tools. The aim of this work was to evaluate HLA-DR expression on peripheral T-lymphocytes (CD3 Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in twenty-six patients with confirmed sepsis by blood culture, eighteen healthy individuals and four patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The analysis of the HLA-DR expression was carried by flow cytometry. Results: The patients with confirmed sepsis had significantly higher percentage of CD3 Discussion: Our results suggest that surface expression of HLA-DR on T-lymphocytes could be an early marker for the presence of sepsis in non-surgical septic patients.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers/blood ; CD3 Complex/blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; HLA-DR Antigens/blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; ROC Curve ; Sepsis/blood ; Sepsis/diagnosis ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; CD3 Complex ; HLA-DR Antigens
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2018-09-25
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	411607-0
ISSN	1578-8989 ; 0025-7753
ISSN (online)	1578-8989
ISSN	0025-7753
DOI	10.1016/j.medcli.2018.07.007
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Article: Anafilaxia por sugammadex en paciente pediátrico.

Joyanes-Romo, Juana Bautista / Navarro-Abad, Ana Isabel / Urra-Ardanaz, José Miguel / González-Jiménez, Óscar / Palacios, Alberto / Meneses-Sotomayor, Jaime Vinicio / Pascual, Marta / Villanueva, Ma Gracia / Garrido, Davinia / Joyanes, Ana / Galindo-Bonilla, Pedro Ángel

Revista alergia Mexico (Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico : 1993)

2021 Volume 68, Issue 2, Page(s) 137–139

Abstract: Introduction: Sugammadex is a cyclodextrin that reverses neuromuscular blockade, especially of rocuronium. The occurrence of anaphylaxis produced by its use is of 1:1000 and 1:20000; it is observed mainly in subjects of Asian origin.: Case report: A ... ...

Title translation	Anaphylaxis sugammadex-induced in a pediatric patient.
Abstract	Introduction: Sugammadex is a cyclodextrin that reverses neuromuscular blockade, especially of rocuronium. The occurrence of anaphylaxis produced by its use is of 1:1000 and 1:20000; it is observed mainly in subjects of Asian origin. Case report: A 9-year-old boy of Asian origin who, after the administration of sugammadex, immediately manifested an episode of anaphylaxis, which was reverted by using adrenaline and antihistamines. The serum tryptase at two hours was 27.7 μg/L; at 6 weeks, it was 3 μ/L. The sugammadex 100 mg/mL skin test was positive. The basophil activation test was positive with sugammadex 20 mg/mL. Conclusion: The temporal relationship between the administration of the drug, the clinical manifestations, the elevation of tryptase, and the diagnostic tests performed, disclosed the episode of anaphylaxis associated with hypersensitivity to sugammadex.
MeSH term(s)	Anaphylaxis/chemically induced ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents/adverse effects ; Rocuronium ; Skin Tests ; Sugammadex/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents ; Sugammadex (361LPM2T56) ; Rocuronium (WRE554RFEZ)
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2021-09-15
Publishing country	Mexico
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639125-4
ISSN	0002-5151
ISSN	0002-5151
DOI	10.29262/ram.v658i2.876
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Article ; Online: Clinical impact and immunological alterations in asthmatic patients allergic to grass pollen subjected to high urban pollution in Madrid.

Feo-Brito, Francisco / Alfaya Arias, Teresa / Amo-Salas, Mariano / Somoza Álvarez, María Luisa / Haroun Díaz, Elisa / Mayorga Mayorga, Cristobalina / Fernández Santamaría, Rubén / Urra Ardanaz, José Miguel

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology

2021 Volume 52, Issue 4, Page(s) 530–539

Abstract: Background: The prevalence of asthma has increased in recent decades. Among the reasons for this increase is environmental pollution. Pollutants cause bronchial inflammation and introduce modifications in the pollen, making it more allergenic.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: The prevalence of asthma has increased in recent decades. Among the reasons for this increase is environmental pollution. Pollutants cause bronchial inflammation and introduce modifications in the pollen, making it more allergenic. Objective: Assess symptoms and medication requirements of asthmatic patients with grass allergies in Madrid (high urban pollution) and Ciudad Real (low pollution), and simultaneously evaluate the in vitro effects that pollen collected in both areas has on the immune cells of patients. Methods: During two pollen seasons, patients from both cities were included. The patients recorded their symptoms and the asthma medication they took daily. In both cities, pollen data, pollutants and meteorological variables were evaluated. The response to different cell populations from patients in both areas were analysed after "in vitro" stimulation with pollen from both cities. Results: The symptoms and medication use of the patients in Madrid was 29.94% higher. The NO Conclusion: Asthmatic patients from Madrid have a worse clinical evolution than those from Ciudad Real because of higher levels of urban pollution, and this could be driven by the higher capacity of pollen of Madrid to activate T-CD8+ and NK cells.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Allergens ; Asthma/drug therapy ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Asthma/etiology ; Environmental Pollution/analysis ; Humans ; Poaceae ; Pollen ; Seasons
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Allergens
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645204-8
ISSN	1365-2222 ; 0954-7894 ; 0960-2178
ISSN (online)	1365-2222
ISSN	0954-7894 ; 0960-2178
DOI	10.1111/cea.14041
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