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  1. Article ; Online: A cross-sectional study of prevalence and predictors of risky sexual behavior among school-going adolescents in Mbarara municipality, Uganda.

    Anyanwu, Michael U / Tamwesigire, Imelda

    African health sciences

    2024  Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 109–116

    Abstract: Background: Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa are at a greater risk of experiencing the adverse consequences of risky sexual behavior such as unwanted pregnancy and school drop-out than adolescents from other regions.: Objectives: This study ... ...

    Abstract Background: Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa are at a greater risk of experiencing the adverse consequences of risky sexual behavior such as unwanted pregnancy and school drop-out than adolescents from other regions.
    Objectives: This study determined the prevalence and identified the demographic, school and social factors associated with risky sexual behavior among secondary school students in Uganda.
    Methods: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in 12 secondary schools in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda. A self-reported questionnaire was used to estimate the prevalence and predictors of risky sexual behavior among the students.
    Results: Out of the 910 students, 314 (34.6%) were sexually active and almost two in every ten adolescents had engaged in risky sexual behavior 171 (18.8%). About 27 (8.7%) had been pregnant or impregnated their sexual partner while 143 (45.6%) used condoms consistently. Risky sexual behavior was associated with age, gender of the student as well as alcohol consumption, smoking and substance use.
    Conclusion: Most of the participants were not sexually active, however, among the sexually active students, more than half engaged in risky sexual behavior. This finding suggests the need to introduce comprehensive sex education with a focus on safe sex practices in secondary schools in Uganda.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Uganda/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Sexual Behavior ; Schools ; Risk-Taking ; Adolescent Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-03
    Publishing country Uganda
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2240308-5
    ISSN 1729-0503 ; 1680-6905
    ISSN (online) 1729-0503
    ISSN 1680-6905
    DOI 10.4314/ahs.v23i3.14
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3851: Show issues Location:
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    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article ; Online: The association between malaria prevalence and COVID-19 mortality.

    Anyanwu, Michael U

    BMC infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 975

    Abstract: Background: The number of persons infected with COVID-19 continues to increase with deaths reported daily across the globe. High income countries such as the US, the UK, Italy and Belgium have reported high COVID-19 related deaths but low-and-middle- ... ...

    Abstract Background: The number of persons infected with COVID-19 continues to increase with deaths reported daily across the globe. High income countries such as the US, the UK, Italy and Belgium have reported high COVID-19 related deaths but low-and-middle-income countries have recorded fewer deaths despite having poor healthcare system. This study aimed to investigate the association between malaria prevalence and COVID-19 mortality.
    Methods: An ecological study was conducted with data from 195 countries. Spearman's correlation was used to test the association between the population variables and COVID-19 mortality. Generalized linear model with Poisson distribution was used to determine the significant predictors of COVID-19 mortality.
    Results: There was a significant positive correlation between median age, life expectancy, 65+ mortality and COVID-19 mortality while malaria prevalence, sex ratio and cardiovascular mortality were negatively correlated with COVID-19 mortality. Malaria prevalence, life expectancy and mortality rate were significant on multivariate regression analysis.
    Conclusion: The results of this study support the hypotheses that there are reduced COVID-19 deaths in malaria endemic countries, although the results need to be proved further by clinical trials.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Malaria/complications ; Malaria/epidemiology ; Mortality ; Prevalence ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-021-06701-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Problem Gambling Among Adolescents in Uganda: A Cross-sectional Survey Study.

    Anyanwu, Michael U / Demetrovics, Zsolt / Griffiths, Mark D / Horváth, Zsolt / Czakó, Andrea / Bajunirwe, Francis / Tamwesigire, Imelda

    Journal of gambling studies

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 971–985

    Abstract: In recent years, gambling has evolved and grown substantially with new gambling activities and facilities being introduced, making gambling products and opportunities more available than ever before in Uganda. While the growth of gambling industry is ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, gambling has evolved and grown substantially with new gambling activities and facilities being introduced, making gambling products and opportunities more available than ever before in Uganda. While the growth of gambling industry is considered to have a beneficial impact on the economy, it is increasingly becoming a social and public health issue especially among a minority of young people who experience problem gambling, which can damage personal, family, vocational, and academic pursuits. The present study estimated the prevalence of problem gambling and identified the socio-demographic, school, environmental and health risks of problem gambling among secondary school students in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda. A cross-sectional study was conducted among secondary school students in Mbarara Municipality. A total of 921 students from 12 schools were recruited using cluster sampling. An ordinal logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between problem gambling and the socio-demographic, academic, environmental and health variables. Of 905 participants, 362 reported having ever gambled (40%), and 160 were classified as problem gamblers (17.7%; 44.2% among those who had ever gambled). Problem gambling was significantly associated with being male, being non-religious, other religion (African traditional religion), having employment (outside of school), distance to nearest gambling venue, parental gambling, peer gambling, substance use, risky sexual behavior, and psychological distress. The present study found a very high prevalence of problem gambling among Ugandan secondary school students. Therefore, there is need to institute public health measures towards raising awareness, prevention and treatment of problem gambling among Ugandan adolescents.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Adolescent ; Female ; Gambling/psychology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Uganda/epidemiology ; Risk-Taking ; Substance-Related Disorders/psychology ; Adolescent Behavior/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2016895-0
    ISSN 1573-3602 ; 1050-5350
    ISSN (online) 1573-3602
    ISSN 1050-5350
    DOI 10.1007/s10899-023-10205-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Cytochrome P450 1B1 Val432Leu polymorphism and breast cancer risk in Nigerian women: a case control study.

    Okobia, Michael N / Bunker, Clareann H / Garte, Seymour J / Zmuda, Joseph M / Ezeome, Emmanuel R / Anyanwu, Stanley Nc / Uche, Emmanuel Eo / Osime, Usifo / Ojukwu, Joseph / Kuller, Lewis H / Ferrell, Robert E / Taioli, Emanuela

    Infectious agents and cancer

    2009  Volume 4 Suppl 1, Page(s) S12

    Abstract: Background: Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is active in the metabolism of estrogens to reactive catechols and of different procarcinogens. Several studies have investigated the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of CYP1B1 and breast cancer risk ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is active in the metabolism of estrogens to reactive catechols and of different procarcinogens. Several studies have investigated the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of CYP1B1 and breast cancer risk with inconsistent results. A G --> C transversion polymorphism in the heme-binding region in codon 432 of the gene results in amino acid change (Val --> Leu); the Leu allele display increased catalytic efficiency for 4-hydroxylation of estradiol in some experimental systems.
    Methods: In this study, we utilized a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay to assess the relationship between this polymorphism and breast cancer risk in a case control study including 250 women with breast cancer and 250 controls from four University Teaching Hospitals in Southern Nigeria.
    Results: Heterozygosity for the CYP1B1 M1 genotype (CYP1B1 M1 [Val/Leu]) was associated with a significant 59% increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.01-2.58) while homozygosity for the genotype (CYP1B1 M1 [Leu/Leu]) conferred a non-significant 51% increased risk of breast cancer. These risk profiles were modified in subgroup analysis. In premenopausal women, harboring at least one CYP1B1 (Leu) allele conferred a significant two-fold increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.10-3.78). No significant association was observed in postmenopausal women (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.57-2.04).
    Conclusion: Our results suggest that the codon 432 polymorphism of the CYP1B1 gene is associated with increased risk of breast cancer and is particularly involved in breast cancer risk in premenopausal women of African descent.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-02-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1750-9378
    ISSN (online) 1750-9378
    DOI 10.1186/1750-9378-4-S1-S12
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Anthropometry and breast cancer risk in Nigerian women.

    Okobia, Michael N / Bunker, Clareann H / Zmuda, Joseph M / Osime, Usifo / Ezeome, Emmanuel R / Anyanwu, Stanley N C / Uche, Emmanuel E O / Ojukwu, Joseph / Kuller, Lewis H

    The breast journal

    2006  Volume 12, Issue 5, Page(s) 462–466

    Abstract: The recent upsurge in global obesity and the recognition of the role of metabolic syndrome and other correlates of obesity in the etiology of breast cancer and other chronic diseases has created the impetus for renewed interest in the role of ... ...

    Abstract The recent upsurge in global obesity and the recognition of the role of metabolic syndrome and other correlates of obesity in the etiology of breast cancer and other chronic diseases has created the impetus for renewed interest in the role of anthropometric measures in breast cancer risk. This case-control study was designed to evaluate the role of anthropometric variables in breast cancer susceptibility in an indigenous sub-Saharan African population drawn from midwestern and southeastern Nigeria, a population grossly underreported in the global epidemiologic literature. Study participants were 250 women with breast cancer who were receiving treatment in the surgical outpatient clinics and surgical wards of four university teaching hospitals located in midwestern and southeastern Nigeria, while the controls were 250 age-matched women without breast cancer or other malignant diseases being treated for other surgical diseases in the same institutions between September 2002 and April 2004. Waist:hip ratio (WHR) was associated with a significant 2.5-fold increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 2.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48-4.41] and a 2-fold increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer (OR = 2.00, 95% CI 1.04-2.53). Increasing height conferred a modestly nonsignificant increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer (OR = 1.59, 95% CI 0.98-2.58). The study showed that WHR is a significant predictor of breast cancer risk in Nigerian women and measures to sustain increased physical activity and ensure healthy dietary practices are recommended to reduce the burden of obesity in the population.
    MeSH term(s) Anthropometry ; Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weights and Measures/methods ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/epidemiology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Menarche ; Nigeria/epidemiology ; Odds Ratio ; Postmenopause ; Risk Factors ; Smoking/adverse effects ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Waist-Hip Ratio
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1289960-4
    ISSN 1075-122X
    ISSN 1075-122X
    DOI 10.1111/j.1075-122X.2006.00304.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4483: Show issues Location:
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