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  1. Article ; Online: Key Stages in the Development and Establishment of Paediatric Endocrinology: A Template for Future Progress.

    Savage, Martin O / Donaldson, Malcolm D C / Davies, Justin H / Storr, Helen L

    Hormone research in paediatrics

    2023  Volume 97, Issue 1, Page(s) 22–27

    Abstract: Background: Paediatric endocrinology became recognised in Western European countries in the 1960s and 1970s. It is now a thriving paediatric sub-speciality in many countries but remains non-existent or in its infancy in others. We have had the privilege ...

    Abstract Background: Paediatric endocrinology became recognised in Western European countries in the 1960s and 1970s. It is now a thriving paediatric sub-speciality in many countries but remains non-existent or in its infancy in others. We have had the privilege to work in Western centres of excellence, and this review outlines the key stages in the development of modern centres, discussing the human and organisational issues that have underpinned progress in the establishment of this paediatric sub-speciality.
    Summary: Human determination, vision, and ambition to create a modern centre and become a national flag bearer in the field are key components of success. The realisation that learning by spending time as a fellow away from one's home institution, so that knowledge can be acquired and brought back home, is also a key factor. Career structures should be designed to mentor and guide the trainee returning from a fellowship abroad. Scientific societies such as the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology (ESPE) are key resources for networking, support, and discussion with experienced colleagues who may have faced similar challenges. Training and acquisition of knowledge through on-site or e-learning initiatives are beneficial and numerous examples exist, including the telemedicine model of store-and-forward consultations. Leadership skills can be learnt, and good working relationships with adult endocrinology colleagues result in benefits and political support.
    Key messages: The development of paediatric endocrinology in a region with hitherto no such facilities constitutes a major contribution to local, regional, and, in all likelihood, national patient care.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Endocrinology ; Pediatrics ; Specialization
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2537278-6
    ISSN 1663-2826 ; 1663-2818
    ISSN (online) 1663-2826
    ISSN 1663-2818
    DOI 10.1159/000530841
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Methylation profiles at birth linked to early childhood obesity.

    Lariviere, Delphine / Craig, Sarah J C / Paul, Ian M / Hohman, Emily E / Savage, Jennifer S / Wright, Robert O / Chiaromonte, Francesca / Makova, Kateryna D / Reimherr, Matthew L

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2024  

    Abstract: Childhood obesity represents a significant global health concern and identifying risk factors is crucial for developing intervention programs. Many 'omics' factors associated with the risk of developing obesity have been identified, including genomic, ... ...

    Abstract Childhood obesity represents a significant global health concern and identifying risk factors is crucial for developing intervention programs. Many 'omics' factors associated with the risk of developing obesity have been identified, including genomic, microbiomic, and epigenomic factors. Here, using a sample of 48 infants, we investigated how the methylation profiles in cord blood and placenta at birth were associated with weight outcomes (specifically, conditional weight gain, body mass index, and weight-for-length ratio) at age six months. We characterized genome-wide DNA methylation profiles using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEpic chip, and incorporated information on child and maternal health, and various environmental factors into the analysis. We used regression analysis to identify genes with methylation profiles most predictive of infant weight outcomes, finding a total of 23 relevant genes in cord blood and 10 in placenta. Notably, in cord blood, the methylation profiles of three genes (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2024.01.12.24301172
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Profile of Experienced Male Amateur Marathon Runners: A Systematic Review.

    O'Riordan, Catherine / Savage, Eileen / Newell, Micheál / Flaherty, Gerard / Hartigan MSc, Irene

    Sports health

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 5, Page(s) 661–672

    Abstract: Context: Male amateur marathon runners represent a unique subset of the population who may be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to their underlying risk factors and their involvement in vigorous exercise such as marathon running.: ... ...

    Abstract Context: Male amateur marathon runners represent a unique subset of the population who may be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to their underlying risk factors and their involvement in vigorous exercise such as marathon running.
    Objective: To assess the modifiable risk factors (MRFs) of CVD in experienced male amateur marathon runners and health interventions on CVD risk factors.
    Data sources: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, and SPORTDiscus.
    Study selection: Studies selected according to the inclusion criteria.
    Study design: Systematic review.
    Level of evidence: Level 3.
    Data extraction: The publication dates included were from June 1, 2008 to February 29, 2020.Published primary epidemiological, observational, randomized controlled trial (RCT) and/or non-RCT studies assessing the MRFs of CVD and health interventions on CVD risk factors in male amateur marathon runners aged ≥18 years and written in the English language were included in the review.
    Results: Five studies met the inclusion criteria for analysis. These included male amateur marathon runners (n = 862), aged 42 to 77 years. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and alcohol use were MRFs positively associated with an increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis found in a subset of male marathon runners. No studies examined health interventions on CVD risk factors in any of the included studies. All 5 studies were of good quality from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute quality assessment tools used. The risk of bias was low to moderate.
    Conclusion: There is a paucity of observational studies evaluating the CVD MRFs. Negative lifestyle behaviors exist within this population despite their engagement in physical exercise through marathon running. Marathon running does not negate the long-term effects caused by past negative lifestyle behaviors. This systematic review identifies that this population may not be aware of their possible risk of atherosclerosis and, consequently, CVD.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Marathon Running ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Running ; Exercise ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2508802-6
    ISSN 1941-0921 ; 1941-7381
    ISSN (online) 1941-0921
    ISSN 1941-7381
    DOI 10.1177/19417381231176534
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Methylation profiles at birth linked to early childhood obesity.

    Lariviere, Delphine / Craig, Sarah J C / Paul, Ian M / Hohman, Emily E / Savage, Jennifer S / Wright, Robert O / Chiaromonte, Francesca / Makova, Kateryna D / Reimherr, Matthew L

    Journal of developmental origins of health and disease

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) e7

    Abstract: Childhood obesity represents a significant global health concern and identifying its risk factors is crucial for developing intervention programs. Many "omics" factors associated with the risk of developing obesity have been identified, including genomic, ...

    Abstract Childhood obesity represents a significant global health concern and identifying its risk factors is crucial for developing intervention programs. Many "omics" factors associated with the risk of developing obesity have been identified, including genomic, microbiomic, and epigenomic factors. Here, using a sample of 48 infants, we investigated how the methylation profiles in cord blood and placenta at birth were associated with weight outcomes (specifically, conditional weight gain, body mass index, and weight-for-length ratio) at age six months. We characterized genome-wide DNA methylation profiles using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEpic chip, and incorporated information on child and maternal health, and various environmental factors into the analysis. We used regression analysis to identify genes with methylation profiles most predictive of infant weight outcomes, finding a total of 23 relevant genes in cord blood and 10 in placenta. Notably, in cord blood, the methylation profiles of three genes (PLIN4, UBE2F, and PPP1R16B) were associated with all three weight outcomes, which are also associated with weight outcomes in an independent cohort suggesting a strong relationship with weight trajectories in the first six months after birth. Additionally, we developed a Methylation Risk Score (MRS) that could be used to identify children most at risk for developing childhood obesity. While many of the genes identified by our analysis have been associated with weight-related traits (e.g., glucose metabolism, BMI, or hip-to-waist ratio) in previous genome-wide association and variant studies, our analysis implicated several others, whose involvement in the obesity phenotype should be evaluated in future functional investigations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; DNA Methylation ; Pediatric Obesity/genetics ; Pregnancy ; Male ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant ; Fetal Blood/metabolism ; Placenta/metabolism ; Body Mass Index ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2554780-X
    ISSN 2040-1752 ; 2040-1744
    ISSN (online) 2040-1752
    ISSN 2040-1744
    DOI 10.1017/S2040174424000060
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A climate-conditioned catastrophe risk model for UK flooding

    P. D. Bates / J. Savage / O. Wing / N. Quinn / C. Sampson / J. Neal / A. Smith

    Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol 23, Pp 891-

    2023  Volume 908

    Abstract: ... 1.8, 2.5 and 3.3 ∘ C). The analysis contains a greater level of detail and nuance compared ... 1.1 ∘ C of warming) compared to those of 1990 ( ∼ 0.6 ∘ C of warming), and this increase can be kept ...

    Abstract We present a transparent and validated climate-conditioned catastrophe flood model for the UK, that simulates pluvial, fluvial and coastal flood risks at 1 arcsec spatial resolution ( ∼ 20–25 m). Hazard layers for 10 different return periods are produced over the whole UK for historic, 2020, 2030, 2050 and 2070 conditions using the UK Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) climate simulations. From these, monetary losses are computed for five specific global warming levels above pre-industrial values (0.6, 1.1, 1.8, 2.5 and 3.3 ∘ C). The analysis contains a greater level of detail and nuance compared to previous work, and represents our current best understanding of the UK's changing flood risk landscape. Validation against historical national return period flood maps yielded critical success index values of 0.65 and 0.76 for England and Wales, respectively, and maximum water levels for the Carlisle 2005 flood were replicated to a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.41 m without calibration. This level of skill is similar to local modelling with site-specific data. Expected annual damage in 2020 was GBP 730 million, which compares favourably to the observed value of GBP 714 million reported by the Association of British Insurers. Previous UK flood loss estimates based on government data are ∼ 3 × higher, and lie well outside our modelled loss distribution, which is plausibly centred on the observations. We estimate that UK 1 % annual probability flood losses were ∼ 6 % greater for the average climate conditions of 2020 ( ∼ 1.1 ∘ C of warming) compared to those of 1990 ( ∼ 0.6 ∘ C of warming), and this increase can be kept to around ∼ 8 % if all countries' COP26 2030 carbon emission reduction pledges and “net zero” commitments are implemented in full. Implementing only the COP26 pledges increases UK 1 % annual probability flood losses by 23 % above average 1990 values, and potentially 37 % in a “worst case” scenario where carbon reduction targets are missed and climate sensitivity is high.
    Keywords Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ; TD1-1066 ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Copernicus Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Risk factors associated with self-reported Q fever in Australian wildlife rehabilitators: Findings from an online survey.

    Mathews, Karen O / Savage, Cathie / Norris, Jacqueline M / Phalen, David / Malikides, Nick / Sheehy, Paul A / Bosward, Katrina L

    Zoonoses and public health

    2022  Volume 70, Issue 1, Page(s) 69–80

    Abstract: ... that Australian wildlife may be a potential C. burnetii infection source for humans. However, a recent serological ... survey of AWR found no association between C. burnetii exposure and direct contact with any wildlife ... associations between self-reported Q fever in AWR and risk factors for exposure to C. burnetii. An online ...

    Abstract Australian wildlife rehabilitators (AWR) are at increased risk of developing Q fever, a serious zoonotic disease caused by the intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Previous studies have suggested that Australian wildlife may be a potential C. burnetii infection source for humans. However, a recent serological survey of AWR found no association between C. burnetii exposure and direct contact with any wildlife species. To further explore the potential risk that wildlife may pose, this study aimed to identify associations between self-reported Q fever in AWR and risk factors for exposure to C. burnetii. An online cross-sectional survey was implemented in 2018 targeting AWR nationwide. Risk factors for self-reported Q fever were determined using multivariable logistic regression. Medically diagnosed Q fever was self-reported in 4.5% (13/287) of unvaccinated respondents. Rehabilitators who self-reported medically diagnosed Q fever were significantly more likely to: primarily rehabilitate wildlife at a veterinary clinic (OR 17.87, 95% CI: 3.09-110.92), have domestic ruminants residing on the property where they rehabilitate wildlife (OR 11.75, 95% CI: 2.91-57.42), have been educated at a High School/Technical and Further Education level (OR 10.29, 95% CI: 2.13-84.03) and be aged >50 years (OR 6.61, 95% CI: 1.60-38.35). No association was found between self-reported Q fever and direct contact with wildlife. These findings support previous work suggesting that AWR are at increased risk of C. burnetii infection and may develop Q fever potentially via exposure to traditional infection sources including livestock, other domestic animals, or contaminated environments, in association with their rehabilitation practices and lifestyle. Although Q fever vaccination is recommended for AWR, vaccine uptake is low in this population. Future studies should aim to determine the level of Q fever awareness and identify barriers to Q fever vaccination in this at-risk group. The difficulty in accessing the AWR population also highlights the need for a national centralized AWR database.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Q Fever/microbiology ; Q Fever/veterinary ; Animals, Wild ; Australia/epidemiology ; Self Report ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Coxiella burnetii ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Ruminants ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2271118-1
    ISSN 1863-2378 ; 1863-1959
    ISSN (online) 1863-2378
    ISSN 1863-1959
    DOI 10.1111/zph.13002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Preferences for support in managing symptoms of an asthma flare-up: a pilot study of a discrete choice experiment.

    O'Connell, Selena / Queally, Michelle / Savage, Eileen / Murphy, Desmond M / Mc Carthy, Vera J C

    The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma

    2022  Volume 60, Issue 2, Page(s) 393–402

    Abstract: Objective: ...

    Abstract Objective:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Asthma ; Pilot Projects ; Choice Behavior ; Logistic Models ; Health Personnel ; Patient Preference
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603816-5
    ISSN 1532-4303 ; 0277-0903
    ISSN (online) 1532-4303
    ISSN 0277-0903
    DOI 10.1080/02770903.2022.2054429
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Factors associated with Q fever vaccination in Australian wildlife rehabilitators.

    Mathews, Karen O / Norris, Jacqueline M / Phalen, David / Malikides, Nick / Savage, Cathie / Sheehy, Paul A / Bosward, Katrina L

    Vaccine

    2022  Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 201–210

    Abstract: ... the need for interventions to raise the awareness of the potential health consequences of C. burnetii ...

    Abstract Australian wildlife rehabilitators (AWR) are at risk of contracting Q fever, a serious zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii. Despite Australian government recommendations for AWR to receive Q fever vaccination (QFV), and the availability of a safe and effective vaccine in Australia, shortfalls in vaccine uptake have been observed in AWR. This study aimed to determine factors associated with QFV status and describe AWR attitudes and potential barriers towards QFV. Data were obtained from a nationwide, online, cross-sectional survey of AWR undertaken in 2018. Approximately-three quarters (200/265; 75.5 %) of those that had heard of Q fever were also aware of the Q fever vaccine, and of those, 25.5 % (51/200) were vaccinated. Barriers to QFV, among unvaccinated respondents who had also heard of Q fever and the vaccine (149/200; 74.5 %), included concerns regarding the safety, efficacy, and importance of the Q fever vaccine. Complacency toward vaccination, convenience of vaccination, and a lack of Q fever knowledge were also notable barriers. Only 27.7 % (41/148) of respondents reported having had vaccination recommended to them. Multivariable logistic regression identified that vaccinated AWR were more likely to be aged ≤ 50 years (OR 4.51, 95 % CI: 2.14-10.11), have had a university level education (OR 2.78, 95 % CI: 1.39-5.73), have resided in New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory and Queensland than in other Australian jurisdictions (OR 2.9, 95 % CI: 1.10-8.83 and OR 4.82, 95 % CI: 1.64-16.00 respectively) and have attended an animal birth (OR 2.14, 95 % CI: 1.02-4.73). Knowledge gaps regarding Q fever and QFV in AWR demonstrated the need for interventions to raise the awareness of the potential health consequences of C. burnetii exposure and Q fever prevention. Education programs to allow AWR to develop an informed perspective of Q fever and QFV, coupled with improvements in vaccine affordability and the implementation of programs to enhance accessibility, may also increase vaccine uptake.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Q Fever/prevention & control ; Animals, Wild ; Australia ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Bacterial Vaccines ; Coxiella burnetii ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-21
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.082
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A small scale study to evaluate the efficacy of microneedling in the presence or absence of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of post-clipping alopecia in dogs.

    Diamond, Jacquelyn C / Schick, Robert O / Savage, Mason Y / Fadok, Valerie A

    Veterinary dermatology

    2019  Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 214–e45

    Abstract: Background: Post-clipping alopecia often has a clinically poor response to therapy and prolonged alopecia is a source of anxiety for some owners. In humans and dogs, superficial microtrauma via a microneedling (MN) device induces mechanical stimulation ... ...

    Abstract Background: Post-clipping alopecia often has a clinically poor response to therapy and prolonged alopecia is a source of anxiety for some owners. In humans and dogs, superficial microtrauma via a microneedling (MN) device induces mechanical stimulation of the hair follicle with resultant hair regrowth. Human studies suggest that concurrent application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with MN induces more rapid regrowth of better-quality hair than microneedling alone.
    Hypothesis: Microneedling with PRP will induce more rapid regrowth of better quality hair.
    Animals: Four unrelated client-owned dogs diagnosed with post-clipping alopecia.
    Methods and materials: This was a prospective study. The affected site was divided in half, with the first half treated with MN alone and the second half treated with MN + PRP. Hair regrowth was assessed by clinician and owner using a hair growth assessment scale (HGAS) at one, three, six and 12 months.
    Results: At three months, all dogs had improved and three exhibited greater hair regrowth on the MN + PRP side. A similar response was noted bilaterally in three dogs, which had improved by 76-100% at six months and remained unchanged at 12 months. One dog improved by < 26% at six months, but had> 50% re-growth by 12 months. The small sample size precluded statistical analysis.
    Conclusions and clinical importance: In dogs with post-clipping alopecia, MN + PRP appeared to induce more rapid hair regrowth than MN; however, overall results were visibly equivalent by six months regardless of method. Both MN and MN + PRP proved successful for treating post-clipping alopecia.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Cutaneous ; Alopecia/etiology ; Alopecia/therapy ; Animals ; Dogs ; Female ; Grooming ; Hair/growth & development ; Hair Follicle/pathology ; Male ; Microinjections/veterinary ; Needles ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Prospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2011122-8
    ISSN 1365-3164 ; 0959-4493
    ISSN (online) 1365-3164
    ISSN 0959-4493
    DOI 10.1111/vde.12821
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: In vitro activity of ceragenins against Burkholderia cepacia complex.

    Demir, Elif Sena / Oyardi, Ozlem / Savage, Paul B / Altay, Havva Ozlem / Bozkurt-Guzel, Cagla

    The Journal of antibiotics

    2022  Volume 75, Issue 7, Page(s) 403–409

    Abstract: Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) species are aerobic, Gram-negative and non-fermantative bacilli. Bcc can cause clinical symptoms in patients with cystic fibrosis, ranging from asymptomatic carriage to fatal pneumonia. A pressing need exists for new ... ...

    Abstract Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) species are aerobic, Gram-negative and non-fermantative bacilli. Bcc can cause clinical symptoms in patients with cystic fibrosis, ranging from asymptomatic carriage to fatal pneumonia. A pressing need exists for new antimicrobial agents that target Bcc. Ceragenins, CSA-13, CSA-131 and CSA-131 with 5% Pluronic® F127 (CSA-131P), were evaluated against Bcc clinical isolates (n = 42). MICs of ceragenins and conventional antibiotics were determined. Time-kill curve experiments were performed with 1x, 4x MICs of ceragenins and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SXT), levofloxacin. MIC
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Burkholderia cepacia complex ; Humans ; Levofloxacin/pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Steroids
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Steroids ; ceragenins ; Levofloxacin (6GNT3Y5LMF)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 390800-8
    ISSN 1881-1469 ; 0021-8820 ; 0368-3532
    ISSN (online) 1881-1469
    ISSN 0021-8820 ; 0368-3532
    DOI 10.1038/s41429-022-00530-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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