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Article ; Online: Enset in Ethiopia: a poorly characterized but resilient starch staple.

Borrell, James S / Biswas, Manosh K / Goodwin, Mark / Blomme, Guy / Schwarzacher, Trude / Heslop-Harrison, J S Pat / Wendawek, Abebe M / Berhanu, Admas / Kallow, Simon / Janssens, Steven / Molla, Ermias L / Davis, Aaron P / Woldeyes, Feleke / Willis, Kathy / Demissew, Sebsebe / Wilkin, Paul

Annals of botany

2018 Volume 123, Issue 5, Page(s) 747–766

Abstract: Background: Enset (Ensete ventricosum, Musaceae) is an African crop that currently provides the staple food for approx. 20 million Ethiopians. Whilst wild enset grows over much of East and Southern Africa and the genus extends across Asia to China, it ... ...

Abstract	Background: Enset (Ensete ventricosum, Musaceae) is an African crop that currently provides the staple food for approx. 20 million Ethiopians. Whilst wild enset grows over much of East and Southern Africa and the genus extends across Asia to China, it has only ever been domesticated in the Ethiopian Highlands. Here, smallholder farmers cultivate hundreds of landraces across diverse climatic and agroecological systems. Scope: Enset has several important food security traits. It grows over a relatively wide range of conditions, is somewhat drought-tolerant, and can be harvested at any time of the year, over several years. It provides an important dietary starch source, as well as fibres, medicines, animal fodder, roofing and packaging. It stabilizes soils and microclimates and has significant cultural importance. In contrast to the other cultivated species in the family Musaceae (banana), enset has received relatively little research attention. Here, we review and critically evaluate existing research, outline available genomic and germplasm resources, aspects of pathology, and explore avenues for crop development. Conclusion: Enset is an underexploited starch crop with significant potential in Ethiopia and beyond. Research is lacking in several key areas: empirical studies on the efficacy of current agronomic practices, the genetic diversity of landraces, approaches to systematic breeding, characterization of existing and emerging diseases, adaptability to new ranges and land-use change, the projected impact of climate change, conservation of crop wild relatives, by-products or co-products or non-starch uses, and the enset microbiome. We also highlight the limited availability of enset germplasm in living collections and seedbanks, and the lack of knowledge of reproductive and germination biology needed to underpin future breeding. By reviewing the current state of the art in enset research and identifying gaps and opportunities, we hope to catalyse the development and sustainable exploitation of this neglected starch crop.
MeSH term(s)	Asia ; China ; Ethiopia ; Musaceae ; Starch
Chemical Substances	Starch (9005-25-8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1461328-1
ISSN	1095-8290 ; 0305-7364
ISSN (online)	1095-8290
ISSN	0305-7364
DOI	10.1093/aob/mcy214
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Article: Enset in Ethiopia: a poorly characterized but resilient starch staple

Borrell, James S / Biswas, Manosh K / Goodwin, Mark / Blomme, Guy / Schwarzacher, Trude / Heslop-Harrison, J S (Pat) / Wendawek, Abebe M / Berhanu, Admas / Kallow, Simon / Janssens, Steven / Molla, Ermias L / Davis, Aaron P / Woldeyes, Feleke / Willis, Kathy / Demissew, Sebsebe / Wilkin, Paul

Annals of botany. 2019 May 20, v. 123, no. 5

2019

Abstract: Enset (Ensete ventricosum, Musaceae) is an African crop that currently provides the staple food for approx. 20 million Ethiopians. Whilst wild enset grows over much of East and Southern Africa and the genus extends across Asia to China, it has only ever ... ...

Abstract	Enset (Ensete ventricosum, Musaceae) is an African crop that currently provides the staple food for approx. 20 million Ethiopians. Whilst wild enset grows over much of East and Southern Africa and the genus extends across Asia to China, it has only ever been domesticated in the Ethiopian Highlands. Here, smallholder farmers cultivate hundreds of landraces across diverse climatic and agroecological systems. Enset has several important food security traits. It grows over a relatively wide range of conditions, is somewhat drought-tolerant, and can be harvested at any time of the year, over several years. It provides an important dietary starch source, as well as fibres, medicines, animal fodder, roofing and packaging. It stabilizes soils and microclimates and has significant cultural importance. In contrast to the other cultivated species in the family Musaceae (banana), enset has received relatively little research attention. Here, we review and critically evaluate existing research, outline available genomic and germplasm resources, aspects of pathology, and explore avenues for crop development. Enset is an underexploited starch crop with significant potential in Ethiopia and beyond. Research is lacking in several key areas: empirical studies on the efficacy of current agronomic practices, the genetic diversity of landraces, approaches to systematic breeding, characterization of existing and emerging diseases, adaptability to new ranges and land-use change, the projected impact of climate change, conservation of crop wild relatives, by-products or co-products or non-starch uses, and the enset microbiome. We also highlight the limited availability of enset germplasm in living collections and seedbanks, and the lack of knowledge of reproductive and germination biology needed to underpin future breeding. By reviewing the current state of the art in enset research and identifying gaps and opportunities, we hope to catalyse the development and sustainable exploitation of this neglected starch crop.
Keywords	Ensete ventricosum ; agroecology ; bananas ; breeding ; byproducts ; climate change ; coproducts ; dietary carbohydrate ; drought tolerance ; emerging diseases ; empirical research ; farmers ; food security ; forage ; genetic variation ; genomics ; germination ; germplasm ; highlands ; land use change ; landraces ; microbiome ; microclimate ; packaging ; packaging materials ; plant cultural practices ; soil ; staple foods ; starch ; wild relatives ; China ; Ethiopia ; Southern Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0520
Size	p. 747-766.
Publishing place	Oxford University Press
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1461328-1
ISSN	1095-8290 ; 0305-7364
ISSN (online)	1095-8290
ISSN	0305-7364
DOI	10.1093/aob/mcy214
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: The biosynthesis of periplasmic electron transport proteins in methylotrophic bacteria.

Goodwin, Pat M / Anthony, Christopher

Microbiology (Reading, England)

1995 Volume 141 Pt 5, Page(s) 1051–1064

MeSH term(s)	Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Electron Transport ; Genes, Bacterial ; Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria/genetics ; Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria/metabolism ; Models, Genetic ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors/biosynthesis ; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors/genetics ; Protein Folding ; Protein Sorting Signals/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Proteins ; Protein Sorting Signals ; methylamine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.9.1) ; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors (EC 1.5.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	1995-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1180712-x
ISSN	1465-2080 ; 1350-0872
ISSN (online)	1465-2080
ISSN	1350-0872
DOI	10.1099/13500872-141-5-1051
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Article ; Online: Data Safe Havens in health research and healthcare.

Burton, Paul R / Murtagh, Madeleine J / Boyd, Andy / Williams, James B / Dove, Edward S / Wallace, Susan E / Tassé, Anne-Marie / Little, Julian / Chisholm, Rex L / Gaye, Amadou / Hveem, Kristian / Brookes, Anthony J / Goodwin, Pat / Fistein, Jon / Bobrow, Martin / Knoppers, Bartha M

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)

2015 Volume 31, Issue 20, Page(s) 3241–3248

Abstract: Motivation: The data that put the 'evidence' into 'evidence-based medicine' are central to developments in public health, primary and hospital care. A fundamental challenge is to site such data in repositories that can easily be accessed under ... ...

Abstract	Motivation: The data that put the 'evidence' into 'evidence-based medicine' are central to developments in public health, primary and hospital care. A fundamental challenge is to site such data in repositories that can easily be accessed under appropriate technical and governance controls which are effectively audited and are viewed as trustworthy by diverse stakeholders. This demands socio-technical solutions that may easily become enmeshed in protracted debate and controversy as they encounter the norms, values, expectations and concerns of diverse stakeholders. In this context, the development of what are called 'Data Safe Havens' has been crucial. Unfortunately, the origins and evolution of the term have led to a range of different definitions being assumed by different groups. There is, however, an intuitively meaningful interpretation that is often assumed by those who have not previously encountered the term: a repository in which useful but potentially sensitive data may be kept securely under governance and informatics systems that are fit-for-purpose and appropriately tailored to the nature of the data being maintained, and may be accessed and utilized by legitimate users undertaking work and research contributing to biomedicine, health and/or to ongoing development of healthcare systems. Results: This review explores a fundamental question: 'what are the specific criteria that ought reasonably to be met by a data repository if it is to be seen as consistent with this interpretation and viewed as worthy of being accorded the status of 'Data Safe Haven' by key stakeholders'? We propose 12 such criteria. Contact: paul.burton@bristol.ac.uk.
MeSH term(s)	Access to Information ; Biomedical Research ; Confidentiality ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Research
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-06-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1422668-6
ISSN	1367-4811 ; 1367-4803
ISSN (online)	1367-4811
ISSN	1367-4803
DOI	10.1093/bioinformatics/btv279
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Zs.A 2374: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A community-based approach to trials of aerobic exercise in aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Vidoni, Eric D / Van Sciver, Angela / Johnson, David K / He, Jinghua / Honea, Robyn / Haines, Brian / Goodwin, Jami / Laubinger, M Pat / Anderson, Heather S / Kluding, Patricia M / Donnelly, Joseph E / Billinger, Sandra A / Burns, Jeffrey M

Contemporary clinical trials

2012 Volume 33, Issue 6, Page(s) 1105–1116

Abstract: The benefits of exercise for aging have received considerable attention in both the popular and academic press. The putative benefits of exercise for maximizing cognitive function and supporting brain health have great potential for combating Alzheimer's ...

Abstract	The benefits of exercise for aging have received considerable attention in both the popular and academic press. The putative benefits of exercise for maximizing cognitive function and supporting brain health have great potential for combating Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aerobic exercise offers a low-cost, low-risk intervention that is widely available and may have disease modifying effects. Demonstrating that aerobic exercise alters the AD process would have enormous public health implications. The purpose of this paper is to report the protocol of a current, community-based pilot study of aerobic exercise for AD to guide future investigation. This manuscript provides 1) an overview of possible benefits of exercise in those with dementia, 2) a rationale and recommendations for implementation of a community-based approach, 3) recommendation for implementation of similar study protocols, and 4) unique challenges in conducting an exercise trial in AD.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aging ; Alzheimer Disease/physiopathology ; Alzheimer Disease/prevention & control ; Cognition/physiology ; Community-Based Participatory Research/organization & administration ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pilot Projects
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-08-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2182176-8
ISSN	1559-2030 ; 1551-7144
ISSN (online)	1559-2030
ISSN	1551-7144
DOI	10.1016/j.cct.2012.08.002
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Zs.A 1581: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Nocturia, sleep-disordered breathing, and cardiovascular morbidity in a community-based cohort.

Parthasarathy, Sairam / Fitzgerald, MaryPat / Goodwin, James L / Unruh, Mark / Guerra, Stefano / Quan, Stuart F

PloS one

2012 Volume 7, Issue 2, Page(s) e30969

Abstract: Background: Nocturia has been independently associated with cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality, but such studies did not adjust for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), which may have mediated such a relationship. Our aims were to determine ... ...

Abstract	Background: Nocturia has been independently associated with cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality, but such studies did not adjust for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), which may have mediated such a relationship. Our aims were to determine whether an association between nocturia and cardiovascular morbidity exists that is independent of SDB. We also determined whether nocturia is independently associated with SDB. Methodology/principal findings: In order to accomplish these aims we performed a cross-sectional analysis of the Sleep Heart Health Study that contained information regarding SDB, nocturia, and cardiovascular morbidity in a middle-age to elderly community-based population. In 6342 participants (age 63±11 [SD] years, 53% women), after adjusting for known confounders such as age, body mass index, diuretic use, diabetes mellitus, alpha-blocker use, nocturia was independently associated with SDB (measured as Apnea Hypopnea index >15 per hour; OR 1.3; 95%CI, 1.2-1.5). After adjusting for SDB and other known confounders, nocturia was independently associated with prevalent hypertension (OR 1.23; 95%CI 1.08-1.40; P = 0.002), cardiovascular disease (OR 1.26; 95%CI 1.05-1.52; P = 0.02) and stroke (OR 1.62; 95%CI 1.14-2.30; P = 0.007). Moreover, nocturia was also associated with adverse objective alterations of sleep as measured by polysomnography and self-reported excessive daytime sleepiness (P<0.05). Conclusions/significance: Nocturia is independently associated with sleep-disordered breathing. After adjusting for SDB, there remained an association between nocturia and cardiovascular morbidity. Such results support screening for SDB in patients with nocturia, but the mechanisms underlying the relationship between nocturia and cardiovascular morbidity requires further study. MeSH terms: Nocturia, sleep-disordered breathing, obstructive sleep apnea, sleep apnea, polysomnography, hypertension.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nocturia/epidemiology ; Nocturia/physiopathology ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/epidemiology ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0030969
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Article: A protein having similarity with methylmalonyl-CoA mutase is required for the assimilation of methanol and ethanol by Methylobacterium extorquens AM1.

Smith, Loraine M / Meijer, Wim G / Dijkhuizen, Lubbert / Goodwin, Pat M

Microbiology (Reading, England)

1996 Volume 142 Pt 3, Page(s) 675–684

Abstract: A 4.0 kb region of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 DNA which complements three mutants unable to convert acetyl-CoA to glyoxylate (and therefore defective in the assimilation of methanol and ethanol) has been isolated and sequenced. It contains two ORFs ... ...

Abstract	A 4.0 kb region of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 DNA which complements three mutants unable to convert acetyl-CoA to glyoxylate (and therefore defective in the assimilation of methanol and ethanol) has been isolated and sequenced. It contains two ORFs and the 3'-end of a third one. The mutations in all three mutants mapped within the first ORF, which was designated meaA; it encodes a protein having similarity with methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. However, methylmalonyl-CoA mutase was measured in extracts of one of the mutants and the specific activity was found to be similar to that in extracts of wild-type cells. Furthermore, although the predicted meaA gene product has the proposed cobalamin-binding site, it does not contain a highly conserved sequence (RIARNT) which is present in all known methylmalonyl-CoA mutases; meaA may therefore encode a novel vitamin-B12-dependent enzyme. The predicted polypeptide encoded by the second ORF did not have similarity with any known proteins. The partial ORF encoded a protein with similarity with the 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductases; it was not essential for growth on methanol or ethanol.
MeSH term(s)	Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/isolation & purification ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Ethanol/metabolism ; Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria/metabolism ; Methanol/metabolism ; Methylmalonyl-CoA Mutase/genetics ; Methylmalonyl-CoA Mutase/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Restriction Mapping ; Sequence Alignment
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Proteins ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M) ; Methylmalonyl-CoA Mutase (EC 5.4.99.2) ; Methanol (Y4S76JWI15)
Language	English
Publishing date	1996-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1180712-x
ISSN	1465-2080 ; 1350-0872
ISSN (online)	1465-2080
ISSN	1350-0872
DOI	10.1099/13500872-142-3-675
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Article ; Online: Geometric Frustration on the Trillium Lattice in a Magnetic Metal-Organic Framework.

Bulled, Johnathan M / Paddison, Joseph A M / Wildes, Andrew / Lhotel, Elsa / Cassidy, Simon J / Pato-Doldán, Breogán / Gómez-Aguirre, L Claudia / Saines, Paul J / Goodwin, Andrew L

Physical review letters

2022 Volume 128, Issue 17, Page(s) 177201

Abstract: In the dense metal-organic framework Na[Mn(HCOO)_{3}], Mn^{2+} ions (S=5/2) occupy the nodes of a "trillium" net. We show that the system is strongly magnetically frustrated: the Néel transition is suppressed well below the characteristic magnetic ... ...

Abstract	In the dense metal-organic framework Na[Mn(HCOO)_{3}], Mn^{2+} ions (S=5/2) occupy the nodes of a "trillium" net. We show that the system is strongly magnetically frustrated: the Néel transition is suppressed well below the characteristic magnetic interaction strength; short-range magnetic order persists far above the Néel temperature; and the magnetic susceptibility exhibits a pseudo-plateau at 1/3-saturation magnetization. A simple model of nearest-neighbor Heisenberg antiferromagnetic and dipolar interactions accounts quantitatively for all observations, including an unusual 2-k magnetic ground state. We show that the relative strength of dipolar interactions is crucial to selecting this particular ground state. Geometric frustration within the classical spin liquid regime gives rise to a large magnetocaloric response at low applied fields that is degraded in powder samples as a consequence of the anisotropy of dipolar interactions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.177201
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Article ; Online: Cretaceous extinctions: multiple causes.

Archibald, J David / Clemens, W A / Padian, Kevin / Rowe, Timothy / Macleod, Norman / Barrett, Paul M / Gale, Andrew / Holroyd, Pat / Sues, Hans-Dieter / Arens, Nan Crystal / Horner, John R / Wilson, Gregory P / Goodwin, Mark B / Brochu, Christopher A / Lofgren, Donald L / Hurlbert, Stuart H / Hartman, Joseph H / Eberth, David A / Wignall, Paul B /

Currie, Philip J / Weil, Anne / Prasad, Guntupalli V R / Dingus, Lowell / Courtillot, Vincent / Milner, Angela / Milner, Andrew / Bajpai, Sunil / Ward, David J / Sahni, Ashok

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2010 Volume 328, Issue 5981, Page(s) 973; author reply 975–6

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Climate Change ; Extinction, Biological ; Geological Phenomena ; Mexico ; Minor Planets ; Seawater ; Vertebrates ; Volcanic Eruptions
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-05-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comment ; Letter
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.328.5981.973-a
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Zs.A 27: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Book ; Online: Geometric frustration on the trillium lattice in a magnetic metal-organic framework

Bulled, Johnathan M. / Paddison, Joseph A. M. / Wildes, Andrew / Lhotel, Elsa / Cassidy, Simon J. / Pato-Doldan, Breogan / Gomez-Aguirre, L. Claudia / Saines, Paul J. / Goodwin, Andrew L.

2020

Abstract: In the dense metal-organic framework Na[Mn(HCOO)$_3$], Mn$^{2+}$ ions ($S=\frac{5}{2}$) occupy the nodes of a `trillium' hyperkagome net. We show that this material exhibits a variety of behaviour characteristic of geometric frustration: the N\'eel ... ...

Abstract	In the dense metal-organic framework Na[Mn(HCOO)$_3$], Mn$^{2+}$ ions ($S=\frac{5}{2}$) occupy the nodes of a `trillium' hyperkagome net. We show that this material exhibits a variety of behaviour characteristic of geometric frustration: the N\'eel transition is suppressed well below the characteristic magnetic interaction strength; short-range magnetic order persists far above the N\'eel temperature; and the magnetic susceptibility exhibits a pseudo-plateau at $\frac{1}{3}$-saturation magnetisation. We demonstrate that a simple nearest-neighbour Heisenberg antiferromagnet model accounts quantitatively for each observation, and hence Na[Mn(HCOO)$_3$] is the first experimental realisation of this model on the trillium net. We develop a mapping between this trillium model and that on the two-dimensional Shastry-Sutherland lattice, and demonstrate how both link geometric frustration within the classical spin liquid regime to a strong magnetocaloric response at low fields.
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ; Condensed Matter - Materials Science ; Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter ; Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Subject code	530
Publishing date	2020-12-18
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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