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  1. Article ; Online: Growth Differentiation Factor-15, High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T, and N-Terminal pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide for Predicting Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Ambulatory Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy.

    Roy, Danielle Carole / Wang, Tzu-Fei / Mallick, Ranjeeta / Carrier, Marc / Mollanji, Eisi / Liu, Peter / Zhang, Liyong / Hawken, Steven / Wells, Philip

    Thrombosis and haemostasis

    2022  Volume 122, Issue 7, Page(s) 1169–1176

    Abstract: Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT), and N ...

    Abstract Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in noncancer patients. However, the performance of these biomarkers in cancer patients is unknown. Our objective was to assess performance of these biomarkers in predicting VTE in cancer patients at intermediate to high risk for VTE (Khorana Score ≥ 2). We used 1-month plasma samples from AVERT trial patients to determine if GDF-15, NT-proBNP, and hs-TnT levels are associated with VTE incidence between 1 and 7 months from the start of chemotherapy. The minimal Euclidean distance of the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to derive optimal cut-offs for GDF-15 and NT-proBNP given there was no evidence of a commonly used cut-off. Logistic and Fine and Gray competing risk regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and subdistribution hazard ratios, respectively, while adjusting for age, sex, anticoagulation, and antiplatelet therapy. We tested in two groups: all patients (
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ; Humans ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Peptide Fragments ; Troponin T ; Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ; Peptide Fragments ; Troponin T ; pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76) ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain (114471-18-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-09
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 518294-3
    ISSN 2567-689X ; 0340-6245
    ISSN (online) 2567-689X
    ISSN 0340-6245
    DOI 10.1055/a-1792-7720
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Growth Differentiation Factor-15, High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T, and N-Terminal pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide for Predicting Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Ambulatory Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy

    Roy, Danielle Carole / Wang, Tzu-Fei / Mallick, Ranjeeta / Carrier, Marc / Mollanji, Eisi / Liu, Peter / Zhang, Liyong / Hawken, Steven / Wells, Philip

    Thrombosis and Haemostasis

    2022  Volume 122, Issue 07, Page(s) 1169–1176

    Abstract: Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT), and N ... anticoagulation, and antiplatelet therapy. We tested in two groups: all patients ( n  = 476, Model 1) and ... all patients with nonprimary brain cancers ( n  = 454, Model 2). In models 1 and 2, GDF-15 ≥2,290.9 pg/mL had ...

    Abstract Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in noncancer patients. However, the performance of these biomarkers in cancer patients is unknown. Our objective was to assess performance of these biomarkers in predicting VTE in cancer patients at intermediate to high risk for VTE (Khorana Score ≥ 2). We used 1-month plasma samples from AVERT trial patients to determine if GDF-15, NT-proBNP, and hs-TnT levels are associated with VTE incidence between 1 and 7 months from the start of chemotherapy. The minimal Euclidean distance of the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to derive optimal cut-offs for GDF-15 and NT-proBNP given there was no evidence of a commonly used cut-off. Logistic and Fine and Gray competing risk regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and subdistribution hazard ratios, respectively, while adjusting for age, sex, anticoagulation, and antiplatelet therapy. We tested in two groups: all patients ( n  = 476, Model 1) and all patients with nonprimary brain cancers ( n  = 454, Model 2). In models 1 and 2, GDF-15 ≥2,290.9 pg/mL had adjusted ORs for VTE of 1.65 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89–3.08), and 2.28 (95% CI: 1.28–4.09), respectively. hs-TnT ≥14.0 pg/mL was associated with higher odds of VTE in models 1 and 2 (adjusted ORs: 2.26 [95% CI: 1.40–3.65] and 2.03 [95% CI: 1.07–3.84], respectively). For NT-proBNP, levels ≥183.5 pg/mL were not associated with VTE. Similar results were observed in the Fine and Gray analysis. Our results indicate that increased GDF-15 and hs-TnT levels predicted increased VTE risk.
    Keywords venous thromboembolism ; cancer ; prediction ; biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-09
    Publisher Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 518294-3
    ISSN 2567-689X ; 0340-6245
    ISSN (online) 2567-689X
    ISSN 0340-6245
    DOI 10.1055/a-1792-7720
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  3. Article ; Online: Reply to Kawada-N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide, High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T and the Extent of Hibernating Myocardium.

    Zelt, Jason G E / Wells, George / Mielniczuk, Lisa M / Beanlands, Rob S

    The Canadian journal of cardiology

    2018  Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 690.e13

    MeSH term(s) Heart ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Myocardium ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Peptide Fragments ; Troponin T
    Chemical Substances Peptide Fragments ; Troponin T ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain (114471-18-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 632813-1
    ISSN 1916-7075 ; 0828-282X
    ISSN (online) 1916-7075
    ISSN 0828-282X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.01.085
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Levels Are Related to the Extent of Hibernating Myocardium in Patients With Ischemic Heart Failure.

    Zelt, Jason G E / Liu, Peter P / Erthal, Fernanda / deKemp, Robert A / Wells, George / O'Meara, Eileen / Garrard, Linda / Beanlands, Rob S B / Mielniczuk, Lisa M

    The Canadian journal of cardiology

    2017  Volume 33, Issue 11, Page(s) 1478–1488

    Abstract: Background: Increased N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity ... cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) can identify patients with heart failure (HF) who are at increased risk ...

    Abstract Background: Increased N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) can identify patients with heart failure (HF) who are at increased risk of cardiac events. The relationship of these biomarkers to the extent of hibernating myocardium and scar has not been previously characterized in patients with ischemic left ventricular dysfunction and HF.
    Methods: Patients with ischemic HF meeting recruitment criteria and undergoing perfusion and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography to define myocardial hibernation and scar were included in the study. A total of 39 patients (mean age 67 ± 8 years) with New York Heart Association class II-IV HF and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction [EF], 27.9% ± 8.5%) were enrolled in the study.
    Results: Serum NT-proBNP and hs-cTnT levels were elevated in patients with ≥ 10% hibernating myocardium compared with those with < 10% (NT-pro-BNP, 7419.10 ± 7169.5 pg/mL vs 2894.6 ± 2967.4 pg/mL; hs-cTnT, 789.3 ± 1835.3 pg/mL vs 44.8 ± 78.9 pg/mL; P < 0.05). The overall receiver operating characteristic under the curve value for NT-proBNP and hs-cTnT to predict hibernating myocardium was 0.76 and 0.78, respectively (P < 0.05). The NT-proBNP (P = 0.02) and hs-cTnT (P < 0.0001) levels also correlated with hibernation, particularly in patients with ≥ 10% scar, independent of EF, age, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. No differences were noted in biomarker levels for patients with vs those without ≥ 10% scar.
    Conclusions: NT-proBNP and hs-cTnT levels are elevated in patients with ischemic HF hibernation and are correlated with the degree of hibernation but not with the presence or extent of scar. Taken together, these data support the novel concept that NT-proBNP and hs-cTnT release in patients with ischemic HF reflects the presence and extent of hibernating myocardium.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Biomarkers/blood ; Coronary Angiography ; Female ; Heart Failure/blood ; Heart Failure/complications ; Heart Failure/diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia/blood ; Myocardial Ischemia/complications ; Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood ; Peptide Fragments/blood ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; ROC Curve ; Severity of Illness Index ; Troponin T/blood
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Peptide Fragments ; Troponin T ; pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76) ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain (114471-18-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632813-1
    ISSN 1916-7075 ; 0828-282X
    ISSN (online) 1916-7075
    ISSN 0828-282X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.06.012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Integrative Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Time-Course Multi-Omics Data with MINT-DE.

    Xue, Hao / Delbare, Sofie Y N / Wells, Martin T / Basu, Sumanta / Clark, Andrew G

    Research square

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Time-course multi-omics experiments have been highly informative for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic relationships between molecules in a biological process, especially if the different profiles are obtained from the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Time-course multi-omics experiments have been highly informative for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic relationships between molecules in a biological process, especially if the different profiles are obtained from the same samples. A fundamental step in analyzing time-course multi-omics data involves selecting a short list of genes or gene regions ("sites") that warrant further study. Two important criteria for site selection are the magnitude of change and the temporal dynamic consistency. However, existing methods only consider one of these criteria, while neglecting the other.
    Results: In our study, we propose a framework called MINT-DE (
    Conclusions: These findings suggest the effectiveness of MINT-DE in selecting sites that are both differentially expressed within at least one assay and temporally related across assays. This highlights the potential of MINT-DE to identify biologically important sites for downstream analysis and provide a complementarity of sites that is neglected by existing methods.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3806701/v1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: [Besprechung von:] Smith, David N. and Louis T. Wells jr.: Negotiating Third World mineral agreements. Promises as prologue. Cambridge/Mass. 1975

    Gustafson, Charles H / Smith, David N / Wells jr., Louis T

    Law and policy in international business : the international journal of Georgetown University Law Center Vol. 9, No. 3 , p. 1045-1052

    1977  Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 1045–1052

    Author's details Charles H. Gustafson
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 700158-7
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  7. Article ; Online: A phenotypic screen of the Global Health Priority Box identifies an insecticide with anthelmintic activity.

    Shanley, Harrison T / Taki, Aya C / Byrne, Joseph J / Nguyen, Nghi / Wells, Tim N C / Jabbar, Abdul / Sleebs, Brad E / Gasser, Robin B

    Parasites & vectors

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 131

    Abstract: Background: Infection with parasitic nematodes (helminths), particularly those of the order Strongylida (such as Haemonchus contortus), can cause significant and burdensome diseases in humans and animals. Widespread drug (anthelmintic) resistance in ... ...

    Abstract Background: Infection with parasitic nematodes (helminths), particularly those of the order Strongylida (such as Haemonchus contortus), can cause significant and burdensome diseases in humans and animals. Widespread drug (anthelmintic) resistance in livestock parasites, the absence of vaccines against most of these nematodes, and a lack of new and effective chemical entities on the commercial market demands the discovery of new anthelmintics. In the present study, we searched the Global Health Priority Box (Medicines for Malaria Venture) for new candidates for anthelmintic development.
    Methods: We employed a whole-organism, motility-based phenotypic screening assay to identify compounds from the Global Health Priority Box with activity against larvae of the model parasite H. contortus, and the free-living comparator nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Hit compounds were further validated via dose-response assays, with lead candidates then assessed for nematocidal activity against H. contortus adult worms, and additionally, for cytotoxic and mitotoxic effects on human hepatoma (HepG2) cells.
    Results: The primary screen against H. contortus and C. elegans revealed or reidentified 16 hit compounds; further validation established MMV1794206, otherwise known as 'flufenerim', as a significant inhibitor of H. contortus larval motility (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC
    Conclusions: The in vitro efficacy of MMV1794206 against the most pathogenic stages of H. contortus, as well as the free-living C. elegans, suggests the potential for development as a broad-spectrum anthelmintic compound; however, the high toxicity towards mammalian cells presents a significant hindrance. Further work should seek to establish the protein-drug interactions of MMV1794206 in a nematode model, to unravel the mechanism of action, in addition to an advanced structure-activity relationship investigation to optimise anthelmintic activity and eliminate mammalian cell toxicity.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Animals ; Humans ; Female ; Insecticides ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Health Priorities ; Anthelmintics/pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Liver Neoplasms ; Mammals
    Chemical Substances Insecticides ; Anthelmintics ; Anti-Infective Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2409480-8
    ISSN 1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
    ISSN (online) 1756-3305
    ISSN 1756-3305
    DOI 10.1186/s13071-024-06183-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Investigating the Role of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review.

    Wells, Georgia / Kennedy, Paul T / Dahal, Lekh N

    Frontiers in immunology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 651687

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Cell Proliferation/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/immunology ; Humans ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism ; Kynurenine/metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality ; Prognosis ; Progression-Free Survival ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism ; Tryptophan/metabolism ; Tumor Escape/genetics ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; IDO1 protein, human ; IDO2 protein, human ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase ; Kynurenine (343-65-7) ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2021.651687
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Modulation of phenytoin teratogenicity and embryonic covalent binding by acetylsalicylic acid, caffeic acid, and alpha-phenyl-N-t-butylnitrone: implications for bioactivation by prostaglandin synthetase.

    Wells, P G / Zubovits, J T / Wong, S T / Molinari, L M / Ali, S

    Toxicology and applied pharmacology

    1989  Volume 97, Issue 2, Page(s) 192–202

    Abstract: ... the free radical spin trapping agent alpha-phenyl-N-t-butylnitrone (PBN). Caffeic acid and PBN were given ip ...

    Abstract Teratogenicity of the anticonvulsant drug phenytoin is thought to involve its bioactivation by cytochromes P-450 to a reactive arene oxide intermediate. We hypothesized that phenytoin also may be bioactivated to a teratogenic free radical intermediate by another enzymatic system, prostaglandin synthetase. To evaluate the teratogenic contribution of this latter pathway, an irreversible inhibitor of prostaglandin synthetase, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip), was administered to pregnant CD-1 mice at 9:00 AM on Gestational Days 12 and 13, 2 hr before phenytoin, 65 mg/kg ip. Other groups were pretreated 2 hr prior to phenytoin administration with either the antioxidant caffeic acid or the free radical spin trapping agent alpha-phenyl-N-t-butylnitrone (PBN). Caffeic acid and PBN were given ip in doses that respectively were up to 1.0 to 0.05 molar equivalents to the dose of phenytoin. Dams were killed on Day 19 and the fetuses were assessed for teratologic anomalies. A similar study evaluated the effect of ASA on the in vivo covalent binding of radiolabeled phenytoin administered on Day 12, in which case dams were killed 24 hr later on Day 13. ASA pretreatment produced a 50% reduction in the incidence of fetal cleft palates induced by phenytoin (p less than 0.05), without significantly altering the incidence of resorptions or mean fetal body weight. Pretreatment with either caffeic acid or PBN resulted in dose-related decreases in the incidence of fetal cleft palates produced by phenytoin, with maximal respective reductions of 71 and 82% at the highest doses of caffeic acid and PBN (p less than 0.05). Caffeic acid and PBN also significantly reduced the incidence of fetal resorptions produced by phenytoin, but not the fetal weight loss. In viable embryos, ASA pretreatment reduced the covalent binding of phenytoin to embryonic protein by 43% (p less than 0.05). Binding of phenytoin to embryonic resorptions was equally high with and without ASA pretreatment, and within each treatment group was 3- to 10-fold higher than that in the respective placentas and associated viable embryos (p less than 0.05). These results suggest that prostaglandin synthetase may contribute to the enzymatic bioactivation of phenytoin to a teratogenic free radical intermediate.
    MeSH term(s) Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/etiology ; Animals ; Aspirin/pharmacology ; Biotransformation ; Caffeic Acids/pharmacology ; Cinnamates/pharmacology ; Cyclic N-Oxides ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/physiology ; Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism ; Female ; Fetal Resorption/chemically induced ; Free Radicals ; Mice ; Nitrogen Oxides/pharmacology ; Phenytoin/metabolism ; Phenytoin/toxicity ; Pregnancy ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/physiology
    Chemical Substances Caffeic Acids ; Cinnamates ; Cyclic N-Oxides ; Free Radicals ; Nitrogen Oxides ; phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (3I91332OPG) ; Phenytoin (6158TKW0C5) ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System (9035-51-2) ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases (EC 1.14.99.1) ; Aspirin (R16CO5Y76E) ; caffeic acid (U2S3A33KVM)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1989-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 204477-8
    ISSN 1096-0333 ; 0041-008X
    ISSN (online) 1096-0333
    ISSN 0041-008X
    DOI 10.1016/0041-008x(89)90325-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Pigs: Large Animal Preclinical Cancer Models.

    Joshi, Kirtan / Katam, Tejas / Hegde, Akshata / Cheng, Jianlin / Prather, Randall S / Whitworth, Kristin / Wells, Kevin / Bryan, Jeffrey N / Hoffman, Timothy / Telugu, Bhanu P / Kaifi, Jussuf T / Rachagani, Satyanarayana

    World journal of oncology

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 149–168

    Abstract: Pigs are playing an increasingly vital role as translational biomedical models for studying human pathophysiology. The annotation of the pig genome was a huge step forward in translatability of pigs as a biomedical model for various human diseases. ... ...

    Abstract Pigs are playing an increasingly vital role as translational biomedical models for studying human pathophysiology. The annotation of the pig genome was a huge step forward in translatability of pigs as a biomedical model for various human diseases. Similarities between humans and pigs in terms of anatomy, physiology, genetics, and immunology have allowed pigs to become a comprehensive preclinical model for human diseases. With a diverse range, from craniofacial and ophthalmology to reproduction, wound healing, musculoskeletal, and cancer, pigs have provided a seminal understanding of human pathophysiology. This review focuses on the current research using pigs as preclinical models for cancer research and highlights the strengths and opportunities for studying various human cancers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-21
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2548989-6
    ISSN 1920-454X ; 1920-454X
    ISSN (online) 1920-454X
    ISSN 1920-454X
    DOI 10.14740/wjon1763
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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