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  1. Article ; Online: Examining the association between deficits in self-concept clarity and eating disorder severity.

    Ali, Sarrah I / Keel, Pamela K

    Eating behaviors

    2023  Volume 51, Page(s) 101810

    Abstract: ... for related psychopathology.: Method: Participants (M age = 23.16 years) with eating disorders (n = 121 ...

    Abstract Objective: We sought to (1) compare self-concept clarity (SCC; the degree to which a person possesses a confidently defined, internally consistent, and stable sense of self) between female participants with and without eating disorders, (2) examine associations between SCC deficits and severity of eating disorder specific and related psychopathology in individuals with eating disorders, and (3) determine if there is a unique association between SCC deficits and eating disorder severity, controlling for related psychopathology.
    Method: Participants (M age = 23.16 years) with eating disorders (n = 121) and controls (n = 63) completed semi-structured clinical interviews and self-report assessments.
    Results: SCC deficits were significantly greater in the eating disorder compared to the control group. In the eating disorder group, greater SCC deficits were significantly associated with greater severity of eating pathology, depression, impulsivity, and trait anxiety. In a hierarchical regression analysis, significant associations between SCC deficits and Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) Global scores were better accounted for by shared variance with anxiety.
    Discussion: SCC deficits may reflect a transdiagnostic feature related to the severity of a range of mental health problems, suggesting potential benefit of transdiagnostic interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Self Concept ; Psychopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2073366-5
    ISSN 1873-7358 ; 1471-0153
    ISSN (online) 1873-7358
    ISSN 1471-0153
    DOI 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101810
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Hepatic lipid accumulation is associated with multiple metabolic pathway alterations but not dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in central bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).

    Beaufrère, Hugues / Pacumio, Lisa / Susta, Leonardo / Tarbert, Danielle / Ammersbach, Mélanie / Keel, Kevin

    American journal of veterinary research

    2024  , Page(s) 1–10

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate associations between hepatic fat accumulation, fibrosis, and plasma values of primary metabolites, biochemical measurands, insulin, and lipoproteins in bearded dragons.: Animals: 48 adult central bearded dragons (Pogona ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate associations between hepatic fat accumulation, fibrosis, and plasma values of primary metabolites, biochemical measurands, insulin, and lipoproteins in bearded dragons.
    Animals: 48 adult central bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).
    Methods: Dragons were sedated with alfaxalone, and a blood sample was collected. Plasma was submitted for untargeted primary metabolomics using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry, a biochemistry panel, and a lipoprotein panel determined by PAGE. Hepatic lipid content was quantified by liver attenuation measurements from CT images and digital image analysis of standardized histologic sections of the liver. Fibrosis was quantified by digital image analysis on Masson's trichrome-stained histologic sections. Severity was determined from pathologic review of liver sections according to a standardized grading system. Statistical associations were investigated using serial linear models adjusted for false discovery rate and multivariate statistics.
    Results: Both hepatic fat and fibrosis had a significant effect on CT liver attenuation values. Several oligosaccharides (maltotriose, maltose, ribose, trehalose) and alkaline phosphatase were significantly and linearly increased with hepatic lipid content (all q < .05). On partial least square-discriminant analysis, β-hydroxybutyric acid was the most important discriminatory variable between fatty liver severity grades on histology. No significant associations were found with insulin, lipoproteins, and succinic acid.
    Clinical relevance: Bearded dragons with hepatic lipid accumulation experienced multiple metabolic pathway disruptions, some being compatible with mitochondrial dysfunction. No evidence of insulin resistance or dyslipidemia was found. Hepatic biopsy and histopathology remain recommended for reliably diagnosing and staging fatty liver disease in bearded dragons.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390796-x
    ISSN 1943-5681 ; 0002-9645
    ISSN (online) 1943-5681
    ISSN 0002-9645
    DOI 10.2460/ajvr.23.12.0285
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Functionality of glycomacropeptide glycated with lactose and maltodextrin.

    Keel, Karen / Harte, Federico M / Berbejillo, Julio / López-Pedemonte, Tomás

    Journal of dairy science

    2022  Volume 105, Issue 11, Page(s) 8664–8676

    Abstract: The Maillard reaction (MR), under proper environmental conditions, has been used to improve protein functionality. In the present work, 2 high temperatures (50-80°C) and water activity (Aw; 0.45-0.67) were used to promote exogenous glycosylation of ... ...

    Abstract The Maillard reaction (MR), under proper environmental conditions, has been used to improve protein functionality. In the present work, 2 high temperatures (50-80°C) and water activity (Aw; 0.45-0.67) were used to promote exogenous glycosylation of glycomacropeptide (GMP) while minimizing processing times (0, 8, 24, 48, and 96 h at 50°C; 0, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h at 80°C). Maltodextrin, a polysaccharide commonly used in the food industry as a functional ingredient, was used as a reducing sugar, and compared with lactose, a native milk sugar. The progression of MR was evaluated by tracking changes in molecular weight using SDS-PAGE, the formation of Amadori compounds, and browning. Aqueous glycosylated GMP solutions (5 to 20% wt/vol) were tested for solubility, rheological properties, and foam formation. As expected, MR progression was faster with Aw = 0.67 and 80°C. Glycosylated GMP powders showed no change in their solubility after MR. However, the apparent viscosity (γ˙=30s
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Lactose/chemistry ; Caseins/chemistry ; Polysaccharides/chemistry ; Maillard Reaction ; Powders/chemistry ; Water
    Chemical Substances caseinomacropeptide ; Lactose (J2B2A4N98G) ; maltodextrin (7CVR7L4A2D) ; Caseins ; Polysaccharides ; Powders ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 242499-x
    ISSN 1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
    ISSN (online) 1525-3198
    ISSN 0022-0302
    DOI 10.3168/jds.2022-21959
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Infant with macroglossia.

    Mullan, Kathryn / Keel, Cheryl / McKenna, Martha / Heffernan, Emmeline / Kapur, Sarah / Mallett, Peter / Thompson, Andrew

    Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2148818-6
    ISSN 1743-0593 ; 1743-0585
    ISSN (online) 1743-0593
    ISSN 1743-0585
    DOI 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326806
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Reply: Contrasting effect of iron supplementation in protoporphyria.

    Levy, Cynthia / Dickey, Amy K / Anderson, Karl E / Keel, Sioban B / Balwani, Manisha

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

    2023  Volume 79, Issue 3, Page(s) E89–E90

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Iron/therapeutic use ; Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic/drug therapy ; Dietary Supplements
    Chemical Substances Iron (E1UOL152H7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604603-4
    ISSN 1527-3350 ; 0270-9139
    ISSN (online) 1527-3350
    ISSN 0270-9139
    DOI 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000640
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Evaluating the role of negative affect and negative interpretation biases in emotional eating behavior.

    Klein, Kelly M / Fitzgerald, Elizabeth H / Forney, Katherine Jean / Kennedy, Grace A / Keel, Pamela K

    The International journal of eating disorders

    2022  Volume 55, Issue 7, Page(s) 914–922

    Abstract: Objective: The study of emotional eating, or (over)eating in response to emotions, may inform transdiagnostic interventions for eating pathology. Prior work has focused on the role of negative affect in promoting emotional eating. The present study ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The study of emotional eating, or (over)eating in response to emotions, may inform transdiagnostic interventions for eating pathology. Prior work has focused on the role of negative affect in promoting emotional eating. The present study sought to extend this work through examining the role of cognitive biases.
    Method: Women who self-reported (n = 50) and did not self-report (n = 40) emotional eating completed self-report questionnaires of negative affect and negative interpretation biases, an implicit measure of cognitive bias, and a behavioral assay of emotional eating involving an ad lib test meal following a stress induction task.
    Results: The emotional eating group endorsed elevated trait negative affect, explicit shame biases, and implicit negative biases compared to controls. In addition, state negative affect increased after the stress induction task, and the emotional eating group endorsed greater state negative affect before and after the task and consumed more food following the stress induction. Only explicit cognitive shame biases demonstrated significant indirect effects in the association between group and food consumption. Specifically, elevated explicit shame biases were positively associated with amount of food consumed for the emotional eating group.
    Discussion: Future research should examine whether interventions that target cognitive biases related to shame reduce emotional eating.
    Public significance: Individuals with emotional eating consumed more food than controls following a stress induction. Explicit shame cognitive biases were positively associated with amount of food consumed for the emotional eating group. Shame cogntiive biases may be fruitful targets for reducing emotional eating.
    MeSH term(s) Affect ; Bias ; Eating/psychology ; Emotions ; Feeding Behavior/psychology ; Female ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603170-5
    ISSN 1098-108X ; 0276-3478
    ISSN (online) 1098-108X
    ISSN 0276-3478
    DOI 10.1002/eat.23751
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Evaluating the predictive validity of purging disorder by comparison to bulimia nervosa at long-term follow-up.

    Forney, Katherine Jean / Brown, Tiffany A / Crosby, Ross D / Klein, Kelly M / Keel, Pamela K

    The International journal of eating disorders

    2022  Volume 55, Issue 6, Page(s) 810–819

    Abstract: Objective: The current study sought to examine the predictive validity of the purging disorder diagnosis at long-term follow-up by comparing naturalistic outcomes with bulimia nervosa.: Method: Women with purging disorder (N = 84) or bulimia nervosa ( ...

    Abstract Objective: The current study sought to examine the predictive validity of the purging disorder diagnosis at long-term follow-up by comparing naturalistic outcomes with bulimia nervosa.
    Method: Women with purging disorder (N = 84) or bulimia nervosa (N = 133) who had completed comprehensive baseline assessments as part of one of three studies between 2000 and 2012 were sought for follow-up assessment. Nearly all (94.5%) responded to recruitment materials and 150 (69% of sought sample; 83.3% non-Hispanic white; 33.40 [7.63] years old) participated at an average of 10.59 (3.71) years follow-up. Participants completed the Eating Disorder Examination, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, and a questionnaire battery. Diagnostic groups were compared on eating disorder (illness status, recovery status, and eating pathology) and related outcomes. Group differences in predictors of outcome were explored.
    Results: There were no significant differences in eating disorder presence (p = .70), recovery status (p = .87), and level of eating pathology (p = .17) between diagnostic groups at follow-up. Post hoc equivalence tests indicated group differences were smaller than a medium effect size (p's ≤ .005). Groups differed in diagnosis at follow-up (p = .002); diagnostic stability was more likely than cross-over to bulimia nervosa for women with baseline purging disorder (p = .004).
    Discussion: Although purging disorder and bulimia nervosa do not differ in long-term outcomes, the relative stability in clinical presentation suggests baseline group differences in clinical presentation may be useful in augmenting treatments for purging disorder.
    Public significance statement: While purging disorder is classified as an "other specified" eating disorder, individuals who experience this disorder have comparable negative long-term outcomes as those with bulimia nervosa. This highlights the importance of screening for and treating purging disorder as a full-threshold eating disorder.
    MeSH term(s) Anorexia Nervosa/diagnosis ; Bulimia Nervosa/diagnosis ; Child ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603170-5
    ISSN 1098-108X ; 0276-3478
    ISSN (online) 1098-108X
    ISSN 0276-3478
    DOI 10.1002/eat.23712
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Functionality of glycomacropeptide glycated with lactose and maltodextrin

    Keel, Karen / Harte, Federico M. / Berbejillo, Julio / López-Pedemonte, Tomás

    American Dairy Science Association Journal of dairy science. 2022 July 07,

    2022  

    Abstract: The Maillard reaction (MR), under proper environmental conditions, has been used to improve protein functionality. In the present work, 2 high temperatures (50–80°C) and water activity (Aw; 0.45–0.67) were used to promote exogenous glycosylation of ... ...

    Abstract The Maillard reaction (MR), under proper environmental conditions, has been used to improve protein functionality. In the present work, 2 high temperatures (50–80°C) and water activity (Aw; 0.45–0.67) were used to promote exogenous glycosylation of glycomacropeptide (GMP) while minimizing processing times (0, 8, 24, 48, and 96 h at 50°C; 0, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h at 80°C). Maltodextrin, a polysaccharide commonly used in the food industry as a functional ingredient, was used as a reducing sugar, and compared with lactose, a native milk sugar. The progression of MR was evaluated by tracking changes in molecular weight using SDS-PAGE, the formation of Amadori compounds, and browning. Aqueous glycosylated GMP solutions (5 to 20% wt/vol) were tested for solubility, rheological properties, and foam formation. As expected, MR progression was faster with Aw = 0.67 and 80°C. Glycosylated GMP powders showed no change in their solubility after MR. However, the apparent viscosity (γ˙ = 30 s⁻¹) of the 20% wt/vol suspensions exhibited a slight increase when GMP was glycosylated with maltodextrin for 24 h at 80°C, and a 2-log increase when GMP was glycosylated with lactose, with a high browning development in both cases. The foam expansion index of the resuspended glycosylated powders was increased by between 25 and 66% compared with the nonglycosylated powders. Better foam stability (approximately 2 h) and no browning development were observed for GMP glycosylated with maltodextrin for 2 h at Aw = 0.67 and 80°C. The results show that GMP has undergone further glycosylation by means of controlled MR, which improves viscosity and foaming index without negatively affecting solubility. These preliminary studies provide a basis for the future creation of a new ingredient with GMP and reducing sugars.
    Keywords Maillard reaction ; dairy science ; foams ; food industry ; glycosylation ; ingredients ; lactose ; maltodextrins ; milk ; molecular weight ; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; solubility ; viscosity ; water activity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0707
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 242499-x
    ISSN 1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
    ISSN (online) 1525-3198
    ISSN 0022-0302
    DOI 10.3168/jds.2022-21959
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Multipathogen Outbreak of

    Newell, Katherine / Helfrich, Kathryn / Isernhagen, Heidi / Jones, Martin / Stickel, Gabriela / McKeel, Haley / Castrodale, Louisa / McLaughlin, Joseph

    Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)

    2023  Volume 139, Issue 2, Page(s) 195–200

    Abstract: Objective: Clostridium perfringens: Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of hospital staff who participated in luncheon events during August 5-7, 2021, and used an online survey to identify hospital staff with gastrointestinal illness. ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Clostridium perfringens
    Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of hospital staff who participated in luncheon events during August 5-7, 2021, and used an online survey to identify hospital staff with gastrointestinal illness. We defined case patients as people who reported new-onset gastrointestinal illness (diarrhea or abdominal cramping) after food consumption during the luncheon events. We calculated adjusted odds ratios of gastrointestinal illness associated with reported food exposures. We tested available food samples for
    Results: Of 202 survey responses, 66 (32.7%) people reported acute gastrointestinal illness: 64 (97.0%) reported diarrhea, 62 (94.9%) reported abdominal cramps, and none were hospitalized. Of 79 people who consumed ham and pulled pork sandwiches, 64 (81.0%) met the case definition; this food item was significantly associated with increased odds of gastrointestinal illness (adjusted odds ratio = 296.4; 95% CI, 76.7-2019.1).
    Conclusion: Quick notification and effective collaboration can help detect an outbreak, identify the responsible food vehicle, and mitigate further risk.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Clostridium perfringens ; Bacillus cereus ; Retrospective Studies ; Alaska ; Foodborne Diseases/epidemiology ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Personnel, Hospital ; Hospitals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120953-x
    ISSN 1468-2877 ; 0033-3549
    ISSN (online) 1468-2877
    ISSN 0033-3549
    DOI 10.1177/00333549231170220
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: A cotwin control study of associations between financial hardship and binge eating phenotypes during COVID-19.

    Mikhail, Megan E / Ackerman, Lindsay S / Culbert, Kristen M / Burt, S Alexandra / Neale, Michael C / Keel, Pamela K / Katzman, Debra K / Klump, Kelly L

    The International journal of eating disorders

    2022  Volume 56, Issue 1, Page(s) 132–142

    Abstract: ... with BE.: Methods: Female twins (N = 158; M: Results: Participants who experienced greater mean ...

    Abstract Background: COVID-19 was associated with significant financial hardship and increased binge eating (BE). However, it is largely unknown whether financial stressors contributed to BE during the pandemic. We used a longitudinal, cotwin control design that controls for genetic/environmental confounds by comparing twins in the same family to examine whether financial hardship during COVID-19 was associated with BE.
    Methods: Female twins (N = 158; M
    Results: Participants who experienced greater mean financial hardship across the study had significantly greater dimensional BE symptoms, and participants who experienced greater financial hardship on a given day reported significantly more emotional eating that day. These results were replicated in cotwin control analyses. Twins who experienced more financial hardship than their cotwin across the study reported greater dimensional BE symptoms than their cotwin, and participants who experienced more financial hardship than their cotwin on a given day reported greater emotional eating that day. Results were identical when restricting analyses to monozygotic twins, suggesting associations were not due to genetic confounds.
    Conclusions: Results suggest that BE-related symptoms may be elevated in women who experienced financial hardship during COVID-19 independent of potential genetic/environmental confounds. However, additional research in larger samples is needed.
    Public significance: Little is known regarding how financial difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to increased binge eating (BE). We found preliminary evidence that financial hardship during COVID-19 may be associated with greater rates of BE-related symptoms even when comparing twins from the same family. While additional research is needed, results suggest that people who experienced financial hardship during COVID-19 may be at increased risk for BE.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Binge-Eating Disorder ; Financial Stress ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Bulimia ; Phenotype
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 603170-5
    ISSN 1098-108X ; 0276-3478
    ISSN (online) 1098-108X
    ISSN 0276-3478
    DOI 10.1002/eat.23841
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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