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Book: Updates in pharmacologic strategies in ADHD

Newcorn, Jeffrey H.

(Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America ; volume 31, number 3 (July 2022))

2022

Author's details	editors Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Timothy E. Wilens
Series title	Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America ; volume 31, number 3 (July 2022)
Collection
Language	English
Size	xiv Seiten, Seite 344-581, Illustrationen
Publisher	Elsevier
Publishing place	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT021437078
ISBN	978-0-323-91991-3 ; 0-323-91991-X
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Article ; Online: So What Really Is New in the Pharmacotherapy of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

Newcorn, Jeffrey H / Wilens, Timothy E

Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America

2022 Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) xiii–xiv

MeSH term(s)	Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Central Nervous System Stimulants
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1313996-4
ISSN	1558-0490 ; 1056-4993
ISSN (online)	1558-0490
ISSN	1056-4993
DOI	10.1016/j.chc.2022.03.011
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Article ; Online: Editorial: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Stimulant Medication, and Criminality: Commentary and Caution.

Stein, Mark A / Sibley, Margaret H / Newcorn, Jeffrey H

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

2023 Volume 63, Issue 4, Page(s) 401–403

Abstract: Pioneering longitudinal studies of boys with hyperactivity by Satterfield et al. ...

Abstract	Pioneering longitudinal studies of boys with hyperactivity by Satterfield et al.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Child ; Adult ; Humans ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/drug therapy ; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/complications ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Conduct Disorder/epidemiology ; Central Nervous System Agents ; Criminal Behavior
Chemical Substances	Central Nervous System Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	392535-3
ISSN	1527-5418 ; 0890-8567
ISSN (online)	1527-5418
ISSN	0890-8567
DOI	10.1016/j.jaac.2023.08.003
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Article ; Online: Sleep Disordered Breathing and Risk for ADHD: Review of Supportive Evidence and Proposed Underlying Mechanisms.

Ivanov, Iliyan / Miraglia, Ben / Prodanova, Dana / Newcorn, Jeffrey H

Journal of attention disorders

2024 Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 686–698

Abstract: Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is under-recognized in youth and adults with ADHD. SDB may contribute to exacerbating pre-existing ADHD symptoms and may play a role in the development of cognitive ... ...

Abstract	Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is under-recognized in youth and adults with ADHD. SDB may contribute to exacerbating pre-existing ADHD symptoms and may play a role in the development of cognitive deficits that may mimic ADHD symptoms. Method: We conducted a focused review of publications on cross-prevalence, overlapping clinical and neurobiological characteristics and possible mechanisms linking SDB and ADHD. Results: Exiting studies suggest that co-occurrence of SDB and ADHD is as high as 50%, with frequent overlap of clinical symptoms such as distractibility and inattention. Mechanisms linking these conditions may include hypoxia during sleep, sleep fragmentation and activation of inflammation, all of which may affect brain structure and physiology to produce disturbances in attention. Conclusions: The relationship between SDB and ADHD symptoms appear well-supported and suggests that more research is needed to better optimize procedures for SDB assessment in youth being evaluated and/or treated for ADHD.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/epidemiology ; Sleep ; Cognition Disorders ; Brain
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2004350-8
ISSN	1557-1246 ; 1087-0547
ISSN (online)	1557-1246
ISSN	1087-0547
DOI	10.1177/10870547241232313
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Article ; Online: Response to uncertainty in developmental origins of health and disease research: commentary on Nomura et al. (2022).

Nomura, Yoko / Newcorn, Jeffrey H / Hurd, Yasmin L

Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines

2023

Abstract: We appreciate the comments of Gilman et al. (2023) on our paper and their acknowledgement of its importance in highlighting the significance of this area of research. Further, their acknowledgment that the primary results of our study are in a range that ...

Abstract	We appreciate the comments of Gilman et al. (2023) on our paper and their acknowledgement of its importance in highlighting the significance of this area of research. Further, their acknowledgment that the primary results of our study are in a range that is similar to those from other published studies of children exposed to highly stressful environmental events emphasizes the validity of our findings and the important extension of our results to children experiencing these events in utero. They, however, raised concerns about some of the results regarding specific types of psychiatric disorders and sex-specific results related to the prenatal Superstorm Sandy hurricane exposure. We comment on the various issues related to the paper below but will not respond to comments regarding the press coverage of this article, which we think are beyond the scope of this commentary.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218136-8
ISSN	1469-7610 ; 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
ISSN (online)	1469-7610
ISSN	0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
DOI	10.1111/jcpp.13874
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Article ; Online: Effects of Stimulant Treatment on Changes in Brain Activation During Reward Notifications in Drug Naïve Youth With ADHD.

Ivanov, Iliyan / Krone, Beth / Schulz, Kurt / Shaik, Riaz B / Parvaz, Muhammad A / Newcorn, Jeffrey H

Journal of attention disorders

2024 Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 847–860

Abstract: Background: Research examining the potential effects of stimulant exposure in childhood on subsequent development of substance use disorder (SUD) have focused on differences in the brain reward system as a function of risk.: Methods: 18 drug naïve ... ...

Abstract	Background: Research examining the potential effects of stimulant exposure in childhood on subsequent development of substance use disorder (SUD) have focused on differences in the brain reward system as a function of risk. Methods: 18 drug naïve children ages 7 to 12 years (11 High Risk [ADHD + ODD/CD]; 7 Low Risk [ADHD only]), underwent fMRI scans before and after treatment with mixed amphetamine salts, extended release (MAS-XR). We examined correlations between clinical ratings and fMRI activation at baseline and following treatment as a function of risk status. Results: High Risk children had higher activation than Low Risk children at baseline during both the Reward and Surprising Non-Reward conditions. Treatment produced strong differential effects on brain activation pertinent to group and reward outcome. Conclusions: Findings support the hypothesized role of reward mechanisms in SUD risk, and suggest that stimulant treatment may have differential effects on reward processing in relation to SUD risk.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/pharmacology ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Amphetamine/adverse effects ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Reward
Chemical Substances	Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Amphetamine (CK833KGX7E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2004350-8
ISSN	1557-1246 ; 1087-0547
ISSN (online)	1557-1246
ISSN	1087-0547
DOI	10.1177/10870547231219762
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Article ; Online: Nonstimulant Treatments for ADHD.

Newcorn, Jeffrey H / Krone, Beth / Dittmann, Ralf W

Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America

2022 Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 417–435

Abstract: Nonstimulants have an important role when response or tolerability to psychostimulants is poor, when certain comorbid disorders are present, or if patients prefer nonstimulants. Here, we discuss monotherapy and combined treatment of ADHD and review ... ...

Abstract	Nonstimulants have an important role when response or tolerability to psychostimulants is poor, when certain comorbid disorders are present, or if patients prefer nonstimulants. Here, we discuss monotherapy and combined treatment of ADHD and review mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, tolerability, and safety of approved, off-label, and pipeline nonstimulants. We present detailed information regarding the 4 FDA-approved nonstimulant medications-the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, atomoxetine and viloxazine extended release, and the α-2 adrenergic agonists, clonidine XR and guanfacine XR. We additionally review evidence regarding the off-label use of a variety of other medications. Variability across and within drug classes in nature of response, approach to titration, and temporal characteristics of treatment allow a nuanced treatment approach for individuals with comorbid disorders and complicated clinical presentations. Availability of nonstimulant medications enhances our opportunity to offer personalized treatment of ADHD across the lifespan.
MeSH term(s)	Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists/therapeutic use ; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride/therapeutic use ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Clonidine/therapeutic use ; Guanfacine/pharmacology ; Guanfacine/therapeutic use ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists ; Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Guanfacine (30OMY4G3MK) ; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride (57WVB6I2W0) ; Clonidine (MN3L5RMN02)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1313996-4
ISSN	1558-0490 ; 1056-4993
ISSN (online)	1558-0490
ISSN	1056-4993
DOI	10.1016/j.chc.2022.03.005
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Article ; Online: Medication for ADHD and accidental injury.

Newcorn, Jeffrey H

The lancet. Psychiatry

2015 Volume 2, Issue 8, Page(s) 669–671

MeSH term(s)	Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medication Adherence ; Methylphenidate/therapeutic use ; Self Medication
Chemical Substances	Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Methylphenidate (207ZZ9QZ49)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ISSN	2215-0374
ISSN (online)	2215-0374
DOI	10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00321-1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Sensitization-based risk for substance abuse in vulnerable individuals with ADHD: Review and re-examination of evidence.

Ivanov, Iliyan / Bjork, James M / Blair, James / Newcorn, Jeffrey H

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

2022 Volume 135, Page(s) 104575

Abstract: Evidence of sensitization following stimulants administration in humans is just emerging, which prevents reaching more definitive conclusions in favor or against a purported protective role of stimulant treatments for ADHD for the development of ... ...

Abstract	Evidence of sensitization following stimulants administration in humans is just emerging, which prevents reaching more definitive conclusions in favor or against a purported protective role of stimulant treatments for ADHD for the development of substance use disorders. Existing evidence from both animal and human research suggest that stimulants produce neurophysiological changes in the brain reward system, some of which could be persistent. This could be relevant in choosing optimal treatments for young patients with ADHD who have additional clinical risk factors for substance abuse (e.g. conduct disorder (CD) and/or familial addictions). Here we stipulate that, while the majority of youth with ADHD greatly benefit from treatments with stimulants, there might be a subpopulation of individuals whose neurobiological profiles may confer risk for heightened vulnerability to the effects of stimulants on the responsiveness of the brain reward system. We propose that focused human research is needed to elucidate the unknown effects of prolonged stimulant exposure on the neurophysiology of the brain reward system in young patients with ADHD.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Conduct Disorder/drug therapy ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Substance-Related Disorders/therapy
Chemical Substances	Central Nervous System Stimulants
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	282464-4
ISSN	1873-7528 ; 0149-7634
ISSN (online)	1873-7528
ISSN	0149-7634
DOI	10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104575
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Article ; Online: A Practical, Evidence-informed Approach to Managing Stimulant-Refractory Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Cortese, Samuele / Newcorn, Jeffrey H / Coghill, David

CNS drugs

2021 Volume 35, Issue 10, Page(s) 1035–1051

Abstract: Stimulants (methylphenidate or amphetamines) are the recommended first-line option for the pharmacological treatment of individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, some patients with ADHD will not respond optimally to ... ...

Abstract	Stimulants (methylphenidate or amphetamines) are the recommended first-line option for the pharmacological treatment of individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, some patients with ADHD will not respond optimally to stimulants. Here, we discuss strategies to manage stimulant-refractory ADHD, based on the recommendations advanced in clinical guidelines, knowledge of expert practice in the field, and our own clinical recommendations, informed by a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, PsycInfo, EMBASE + EMBASE classic, OVID Medline, and Web of Science (up to 30 March 2021). We first highlight the importance of stimulant optimization as an effective strategy to increase response. We then discuss a series of factors that should be considered before using alternative pharmacological strategies for ADHD, including poor adherence, time action properties of stimulants (and wearing-off of effects), poor tolerability (that prevents the use of higher, more effective doses), excessive focus on or confounding from presence of comorbid non-ADHD symptoms, and tolerance. Finally, we consider the role of non-stimulants and combined pharmacological approaches. While the choice of medication for ADHD is still to a large extent based on a trial-and-error process, there are reasonably accepted data and guidelines to aid in clinical decision-making. It is hoped that advances in precision psychiatry in the years ahead will further guide prescribers to tailor medication choice to the specific characteristics of the patient.
MeSH term(s)	Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology ; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists/therapeutic use ; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride/pharmacology ; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride/therapeutic use ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/pharmacology ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Clonidine/pharmacology ; Clonidine/therapeutic use ; Dextroamphetamine/pharmacology ; Dextroamphetamine/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance/drug effects ; Drug Resistance/physiology ; Empirical Research ; Humans ; Methylphenidate/pharmacology ; Methylphenidate/therapeutic use ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods
Chemical Substances	Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors ; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists ; Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Methylphenidate (207ZZ9QZ49) ; Atomoxetine Hydrochloride (57WVB6I2W0) ; Clonidine (MN3L5RMN02) ; Dextroamphetamine (TZ47U051FI)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-17
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1203800-3
ISSN	1179-1934 ; 1172-7047
ISSN (online)	1179-1934
ISSN	1172-7047
DOI	10.1007/s40263-021-00848-3
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