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  1. Article ; Online: Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the inferior oblique muscle.

    Micevych, Paul S / Horton, Jonathan C

    Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

    2024  Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 103826

    Abstract: No previous imaging study has described the appearance of the inferior oblique muscle after surgery. It is unknown whether findings signifying prior myectomy or recession are recognizable on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and how they might differ for ... ...

    Abstract No previous imaging study has described the appearance of the inferior oblique muscle after surgery. It is unknown whether findings signifying prior myectomy or recession are recognizable on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and how they might differ for the two procedures. After myectomy via a temporal approach, the cauterized muscle stump retracts into the medial orbit. How far it retracts and whether it reattaches to the globe remains unclear. To address these issues, orbital MR images were reviewed in 5 patients who had previously undergone inferior oblique myectomy or recession. In each case, the operated muscle exhibited subtle but telltale features, when compared with the normal, fellow inferior oblique. After myectomy, the inferior oblique still terminated lateral to the inferior rectus muscle and appeared closely apposed to the globe, although not necessarily attached to the sclera.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Oculomotor Muscles/diagnostic imaging ; Oculomotor Muscles/surgery ; Orbit/diagnostic imaging ; Orbit/surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Head ; Postoperative Period ; Strabismus/diagnostic imaging ; Strabismus/surgery ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 1412476-2
    ISSN 1528-3933 ; 1091-8531
    ISSN (online) 1528-3933
    ISSN 1091-8531
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaapos.2023.10.009
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  2. Article ; Online: PCSK9: From Nature's Loss to Patient's Gain.

    Hobbs, Helen H / Cohen, Jonathan C / Horton, Jay D

    Circulation

    2024  Volume 149, Issue 3, Page(s) 171–173

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Proprotein Convertase 9/genetics ; Serine Endopeptidases ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Receptors, LDL
    Chemical Substances PCSK9 protein, human (EC 3.4.21.-) ; Proprotein Convertase 9 (EC 3.4.21.-) ; Serine Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.21.-) ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Receptors, LDL
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80099-5
    ISSN 1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
    ISSN (online) 1524-4539
    ISSN 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
    DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064498
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  3. Article ; Online: Wilbrand's Knee: To Be or Not to Be a Knee?

    Horton, Jonathan C

    Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society

    2020  Volume 40 Suppl 1, Page(s) S7–S14

    Abstract: Wilbrand's knee of the optic chiasm refers to crossing fibers from one optic nerve that stray for a short distance into the opposite optic nerve before joining the optic tract. This loop of aberrant axons, although small, has generated much controversy. ... ...

    Abstract Wilbrand's knee of the optic chiasm refers to crossing fibers from one optic nerve that stray for a short distance into the opposite optic nerve before joining the optic tract. This loop of aberrant axons, although small, has generated much controversy. In a previous study, labeling of the optic pathway in normal monkeys with a radioactive tracer revealed no Wilbrand's knee. Monocular enucleation induced a typical knee to form. These findings suggested that Wilbrand's knee is absent normally, but appears after atrophy of one optic nerve. This conclusion has been challenged by images showing Wilbrand's knee in the normal human chiasm using anisotropic light scattering. It has also been resisted by some clinicians who believe that Wilbrand's knee is necessary to explain the anterior chiasmal syndrome. Early in his distinguished career, William F. Hoyt examined the fiber organization of the monkey optic nerve and chiasm. He found no evidence for Wilbrand's knee and rejected its importance for the topical diagnosis of chiasmal lesions. His conclusion is supported by new data showing that anisotropic light scattering is not a reliable method for tracing axons. Hence, that method has given a misleading impression that Wilbrand's knee exists in normal subjects. Although Wilbrand's knee has fascinated neuro-ophthalmologists for more than a century, it is an inconsequential structure that develops only after a longstanding monocular optic neuropathy.
    MeSH term(s) Axons ; Humans ; Male ; Neurology ; Optic Chiasm ; Optic Nerve/diagnostic imaging ; Optic Nerve Diseases
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1189901-3
    ISSN 1536-5166 ; 1070-8022
    ISSN (online) 1536-5166
    ISSN 1070-8022
    DOI 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000988
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  4. Article ; Online: Massive periorbital edema following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

    Stallworth, Jeannette Y / Horton, Jonathan C

    American journal of ophthalmology case reports

    2022  Volume 26, Page(s) 101559

    Abstract: Purpose: To describe a case of severe, bilateral periorbital edema after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.: Observations: A three-year old girl with metastatic neuroblastoma underwent the second of two tandem autologous peripheral blood stem ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To describe a case of severe, bilateral periorbital edema after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
    Observations: A three-year old girl with metastatic neuroblastoma underwent the second of two tandem autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplants, complicated by engraftment syndrome. On post-engraftment day 11, she developed acute onset of severe periorbital edema. She was soon thereafter diagnosed with transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy with significant volume overload requiring treatment with eculizumab and etanercept. Periorbital edema resolved after four days with concurrent treatment of her underlying condition.
    Conclusions and importance: We report an ocular manifestation related to complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This highlights a non-infectious etiology of eyelid swelling in the post-transplant, immunocompromised population.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2451-9936
    ISSN (online) 2451-9936
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101559
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  5. Article ; Online: Air Bubbles Introduced From Peripheral Intravenous Lines Into the Cerebral Venous System.

    Horton, Jonathan C

    Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society

    2019  Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 437

    MeSH term(s) Embolism, Air ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1189901-3
    ISSN 1536-5166 ; 1070-8022
    ISSN (online) 1536-5166
    ISSN 1070-8022
    DOI 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000784
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  6. Article ; Online: Permanent transduction of retinal ganglion cells by rAAV2-retro.

    Zheng, Yicen J / Dilbeck, Mikayla D / Economides, John R / Horton, Jonathan C

    Experimental eye research

    2024  Volume 240, Page(s) 109793

    Abstract: Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is widely used as a vector for delivery of gene therapy. Long term therapeutic benefit depends on perpetual expression of the wild-type gene after transduction of host cells by AAV. To address this issue in a mass population ... ...

    Abstract Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is widely used as a vector for delivery of gene therapy. Long term therapeutic benefit depends on perpetual expression of the wild-type gene after transduction of host cells by AAV. To address this issue in a mass population of identified single cells, 4 rats received an injection of a 1:1 mixture of rAAV2-retro-hSyn-EGFP and rAAV2-retro-hSyn-mCherry into each superior colliculus. After the virus was transported retrogradely to both retinas, serial fundus imaging was performed at days 14, 45, 211, and 375 to visualize individual fluorescent ganglion cells. The location of each cell was plotted to compare labeling at each time point. In 12/16 comparisons, 97% or more of the cells identified in the initial baseline fundus image were still labeled at day 375. In 4 cases the percentage was lower, but in these cases the apparent reduction in the number of labeled cells at day 375 was attributable to the lower quality of follow-up fundus images, rather than true loss of transgene expression. These data indicate that retinal ganglion cells transduced by rAAV2-retro are transduced permanently.
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Animals ; Retinal Ganglion Cells ; Genetic Vectors ; Retina/metabolism ; Genetic Therapy/methods ; Transgenes ; Dependovirus/genetics ; Transduction, Genetic ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80122-7
    ISSN 1096-0007 ; 0014-4835
    ISSN (online) 1096-0007
    ISSN 0014-4835
    DOI 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109793
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  7. Article ; Online: Dichoptic visual field mapping of suppression in exotropia with homonymous hemianopia.

    Economides, John R / Horton, Jonathan C

    Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

    2021  Volume 25, Issue 5, Page(s) 276.e1–276.e6

    Abstract: Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate which portions of the visual scene are perceived by each eye in an exotropic subject with acquired hemianopia. The pattern of suppression is predictable from knowledge of how suppression scotomas ... ...

    Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate which portions of the visual scene are perceived by each eye in an exotropic subject with acquired hemianopia. The pattern of suppression is predictable from knowledge of how suppression scotomas are organized in exotropic subjects with intact visual fields.
    Methods: Dichoptic perimetry was performed by having a subject wear red/blue goggles while fixating a cross that was either red or blue. Red, blue, or purple spots were presented briefly at peripheral locations. The subject's identification of the spot color revealed which eye was perceptually engaged at any given location in the visual fields.
    Results: A 17-year-old female with a history of exotropia was evaluated after rupture of a right parietal arteriovenous malformation. Dichoptic perimetry showed a left homonymous hemianopia. All stimuli to the right of the right fovea's projection point were perceived via the right eye. Stimuli between the foveal projection points, which were separated horizontally by the 20° exotropia, were perceived by the left eye.
    Conclusions: Perception of the visual scene is shared by the eyes in hemianopia and exotropia. Suppression occurs only in the peripheral temporal retina of the eye contralateral to the brain lesion, regardless of which eye is engaged in fixation. Although exotropia expands the binocular field of vision in hemianopia, it is probably not an adaptive response, even when it develops after hemianopia.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Exotropia ; Female ; Hemianopsia/diagnosis ; Humans ; Scotoma/diagnosis ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1412476-2
    ISSN 1528-3933 ; 1091-8531
    ISSN (online) 1528-3933
    ISSN 1091-8531
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaapos.2021.05.017
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  8. Article ; Online: Invited Commentary: Ganglion Cell Complex Measurement in Compressive Optic Neuropathy.

    Horton, Jonathan C

    Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society

    2017  Volume 37, Issue 1, Page(s) 13–15

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1189901-3
    ISSN 1536-5166 ; 1070-8022
    ISSN (online) 1536-5166
    ISSN 1070-8022
    DOI 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000489
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  9. Article ; Online: Ambulatory Monitoring With Eye Tracking Glasses to Assess the Severity of Intermittent Exotropia.

    Economides, John R / Dilbeck, Mikayla D / Gentry, Thomas N / Horton, Jonathan C

    American journal of ophthalmology

    2023  Volume 250, Page(s) 120–129

    Abstract: Purpose: To explore the utility of eye tracking glasses in patients with intermittent exotropia as a means for quantifying the occurrence of exotropia, defined as the percentage of time that the eyes are misaligned.: Design: Prospective observational ...

    Abstract Purpose: To explore the utility of eye tracking glasses in patients with intermittent exotropia as a means for quantifying the occurrence of exotropia, defined as the percentage of time that the eyes are misaligned.
    Design: Prospective observational study.
    Methods: Eye tracking glasses were used to obtain 68 recordings in 44 ambulatory patients with a history of intermittent exotropia. Vergence angle was monitored for up to 12 hours to document the occurrence of exotropia.
    Results: Intermittent exotropia was present in 31 of 44 patients. They had a mean exotropia of 19.3 ± 5.3° and a mean occurrence of 40% (range 3-99%). There was a moderate correlation between the magnitude of exotropia and its occurrence (r = 0.59). In 13 patients the occurrence of exotropia was <1%; they were deemed to have an exophoria only. In 35 of 44 cases, families reported an occurrence of intermittent exotropia greater than that measured by the eye tracking glasses.
    Conclusions: Eye tracking glasses may be a useful tool for quantifying the severity of intermittent exotropia and for defining more precisely its clinical features.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Exotropia/diagnosis ; Eye-Tracking Technology ; Eye ; Prospective Studies ; Monitoring, Ambulatory
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80030-2
    ISSN 1879-1891 ; 0002-9394
    ISSN (online) 1879-1891
    ISSN 0002-9394
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.01.014
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  10. Article ; Online: Retinal Input to the Primate Lateral Geniculate Nucleus Revealed by Injection of a Different Label Into Each Eye.

    Spahr, Zachary R / Economides, John R / Horton, Jonathan C

    Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society

    2022  Volume 42, Issue 4, Page(s) e596–e597

    Abstract: Abstract: The primate lateral geniculate nucleus has long been a favorite structure among anatomists because of its striking lamination. It has been shown that each lamina receives input from a different eye using various single label techniques but ... ...

    Abstract Abstract: The primate lateral geniculate nucleus has long been a favorite structure among anatomists because of its striking lamination. It has been shown that each lamina receives input from a different eye using various single label techniques but never by double labeling. Here, we illustrate the organization of retinal inputs to the lateral geniculate nucleus by injection of cholera toxin-B conjugated to Alexa Fluor-488 into the right eye and cholera toxin-B conjugated to Alexa Fluor-594 into the left eye.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Geniculate Bodies ; Cholera Toxin/metabolism ; Retina ; Primates/metabolism ; Visual Pathways
    Chemical Substances Cholera Toxin (9012-63-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1189901-3
    ISSN 1536-5166 ; 1070-8022
    ISSN (online) 1536-5166
    ISSN 1070-8022
    DOI 10.1097/WNO.0000000000001472
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